Steel 60CrMo3-1
EN 60CrMo3-1
60CrMo3-1 (1.7239) is a high-carbon chromium-molybdenum spring steel, class -1 of the 60CrMo3 family, supplied in a defined mechanical and hardenability condition for high-stress elastic components.
Reference datasheet — 60CrMo3-1 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +QT condition
60CrMo3-1 tempers and conditions
60CrMo3-1 is supplied in 6 conditions, soft to hard. +QT is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spheroidize annealed | Choose for heavy cold heading, cold extrusion or deep machining where the lowest hardness and best ductility are required. | 420 | 700 | 20 | 205 HB | 44 W/m·K |
Annealed | Pick for bar/wire that will be machined, cold formed or coiled before the spring maker's own hardening cycle. | 460 | 780 | 15 | 230 HB | 44 W/m·K |
Treated for high shearability | Order when bar is to be cold sheared into billets/blanks with clean, burr-free faces before hot forming or hardening. | 480 | 820 | 13 | 240 HB | — |
+QTDefault Quenched and tempered | Standard high-stress spring condition: pick for finished leaf/coil springs, torsion bars and elastic parts needing 1600–1900 MPa and high relaxation resistance. | 1,520 | 1,750 | 7 | 50 HRC | 40 W/m·K |
Restricted (core) hardenability band, hardened-and-low-tempered core… | Specify for thick sections where the customer must guarantee core hardness/strength after through hardening of heavy bars. | 1,620 | 1,900 | 5 | 54 HRC | — |
Specified hardenability band, supplied/used in the hardened… | Use when a guaranteed Jominy band is required and the part is run at maximum as-quenched hardness (wear faces, low-temper spring blanks). | 1,750 | 2,150 | 2 | 60 HRC | — |
What is 60CrMo3-1?
60CrMo3-1 (1.7239) is a high-carbon chromium-molybdenum spring steel, class -1 of the 60CrMo3 family, supplied in a defined mechanical and hardenability condition for high-stress elastic components. It is used for leaf springs, coil springs and torsion bars and is available as bar, flat and wire stock in +QT, +A, +AC, +S, +H and +CH conditions. In +QT it reaches 1520 MPa yield, 1750 MPa tensile, 7 % elongation and 50 HRC, with thermal conductivity of 40 W/m·K and service to 280 °C. Machinability, weldability and formability are all very low (scores 10, 10 and 5), so parts are formed soft and hardened afterwards; 60CrMo3-2 is the closest variant. 60CrMo3-1 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). 60CrMo3-1 has a yield strength of 1,520 MPa (220 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,750 MPa (254 ksi) — stronger than 97% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 7% and the elastic modulus is 206 GPa (29.9 Msi).
What is 60CrMo3-1 used for?
- leaf springs
- coil springs
- torsion bars
- clutch springs
Advantages
- High strength — 1,520 MPa (220 ksi), better than 97% of steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 65/100, better than 78% of steel grades
Limitations
- Difficult to machine — 10/100, worse than 99% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 10/100, worse than 99% of steel grades
- Limited formability — 5/100, worse than 99% of steel grades
- Limited ductility — 7%, worse than 96% of steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 38 MPa·√m (34.6 ksi·√in), worse than 93% of steel grades
60CrMo3-1 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 60CrMo3-1-+QT; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
60CrMo3-1 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical16
60CrMo3-1 has a yield strength of 1,520 MPa (220 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,750 MPa (254 ksi) — stronger than 97% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 7% and the elastic modulus is 206 GPa (29.9 Msi).
Thermal6
60CrMo3-1 is rated for continuous service to 280°C (536 °F). It conducts heat at 40 W/m·K (23.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 64% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.3 µm/m·K (6.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
60CrMo3-1 conducts electricity at 7.5 % IACS, worse than 67% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (11/100), worse than 73% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 60CrMo3-1 takes about 31 MJ of energy and emits 2.3 kg of CO₂ — more than 64% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability8
60CrMo3-1's machinability is not recommended (10/100, worse than 99% of steel grades); weldability not recommended (10/100); formability not recommended (5/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. 60CrMo3-1 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 60CrMo3-1
Is 60CrMo3-1 easy to machine?
Machine only in +A/+AC condition with rigid setups and coated carbide (Vc ~90–130 m/min); after +QT/+H, grinding or EDM is the practical route.
Can 60CrMo3-1 be welded?
Effectively non-weldable in service condition (CE > 1.0); if unavoidable, preheat 300–350 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and immediate post-weld temper, then requalify hardness.
Can 60CrMo3-1 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold coil/bend only from the spheroidized or annealed state, or hot form at 900–1050 °C; finished springs must be hardened from ~840–860 °C, oil quenched and tempered 400–500 °C to the target hardness.
60CrMo3-1 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.56 – 0.64 | 0.6 |
| Si | 0.15 – 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.7 – 1 | 0.85 |
| Cr | 0.7 – 1 | 0.85 |
| Moclass -1 has the lowest Mo of the 60CrMo3-x family; -2/-3 step Mo upward | 0.15 – 0.25 | 0.2 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 60CrMo3-1?
Shot peen (and preferably stress-relieve after peening) to lift fatigue life; protect with phosphate + oil, zinc-flake or powder coat — avoid acid pickling and electroplating above ~1000 MPa without a 190–220 °C hydrogen bake.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel 60CrMo3-1 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
How much does 60CrMo3-1 cost?
60CrMo3-1 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
60CrMo3-1 — frequently asked
What is 60CrMo3-1 used for?
60CrMo3-1 is typically used for leaf springs, coil springs, torsion bars and clutch springs. In short: high-stress spring steel; 1750 MPa in +QT; form soft, harden after.
What is the yield strength of 60CrMo3-1?
60CrMo3-1 has a typical yield strength of 1,520 MPa (220 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,750 MPa (254 ksi) — stronger than 97% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 60CrMo3-1 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (10/100, worse than 99% of steel grades). Machine only in +A/+AC condition with rigid setups and coated carbide (Vc ~90–130 m/min); after +QT/+H, grinding or EDM is the practical route.
Can 60CrMo3-1 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated not recommended (10/100). Effectively non-weldable in service condition (CE > 1.0); if unavoidable, preheat 300–350 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and immediate post-weld temper, then requalify hardness.
What surface finishes work on 60CrMo3-1?
Shot peen (and preferably stress-relieve after peening) to lift fatigue life; protect with phosphate + oil, zinc-flake or powder coat — avoid acid pickling and electroplating above ~1000 MPa without a 190–220 °C hydrogen bake.
Can 60CrMo3-1 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold coil/bend only from the spheroidized or annealed state, or hot form at 900–1050 °C; finished springs must be hardened from ~840–860 °C, oil quenched and tempered 400–500 °C to the target hardness.
What is the maximum service temperature of 60CrMo3-1?
60CrMo3-1 is rated for continuous use to about 280°C (536 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does 60CrMo3-1 cost?
60CrMo3-1 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10089 — Hot rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs — CEN (2002)
- EN 10083-1 — Steels for quenching and tempering: general technical delivery conditions (delivery states +A, +AC, +S, +QT, +H) — CEN (2006)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19 — Fatigue and Fracture (spring steels) — ASM International (1996)
- EN 13906-1 — Cylindrical helical springs, design and calculation — CEN (2013)
- Spring steel bar and strip grade data (Cr-Mo spring steels) — European long-products mills (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.