Steel 1075 · supply condition · default condition
Steel 1075-HR
Properties of the HR condition, compared with the other 1075 tempers.
Most commonly stocked mill condition for plate, flat bar and coil that will be re-heat-treated by the user.
What is 1075-HR?
1075-HR is 1075 supplied in the HR condition — most commonly stocked mill condition for plate, flat bar and coil that will be re-heat-treated by the user. 1075-HR has a yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 58% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi). 1075-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 1.9 kg CO₂/kg, better than 92% of steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 70/100, better than 87% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 11%, worse than 89% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 18/100, worse than 87% of steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 38/100, worse than 80% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 77% of steel grades
1075-HR properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1075-HR — 12 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every 1075 temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
1075-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical14
1075-HR has a yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 58% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
1075-HR is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.5 µm/m·K (6.39 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1075-HR conducts electricity at 9.5 % IACS, better than 74% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (8/100), worse than 99% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1075-HR takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 28%.
Manufacturability8
1075-HR's machinability is fair (38/100, worse than 80% of steel grades); weldability poor (18/100); formability fair (35/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other 1075 tempers and conditions
1075 is also supplied in 9 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the 1075 overview.
- HRDefaultMost commonly stocked mill condition for plate, flat bar and coil that will be re-heat-treated by the user.470 MPa yield · 235 HB
- Q&T 56-60 HRCQuench (water/fast oil) plus 175–200 °C temper for knives, saw teeth and springs needing maximum edge retention; brittle in thick or notched sections.1,700 MPa yield · 58 HRC
- Q&T 50-54 HRCUse for impact tools, machetes, chisels and heavy blades where toughness matters more than peak edge hardness.1,550 MPa yield · 52 HRC
- OTContinuously austenitized, oil-quenched and tempered wire for coil springs — coil directly, no post-heat treatment beyond stress relief.1,400 MPa yield · 47 HRC
- Q&TGeneral hardened-and-tempered condition (~400–450 °C temper) balancing spring strength with usable toughness.1,300 MPa yield · 45 HRC
- Q&T 40-45 HRCPick for flat springs, clips, feeler and saw stock needing fatigue life and some bendability.1,200 MPa yield · 43 HRC
- CRCold-rolled strip for shims, blades and flat springs that are formed and then hardened, or used as-rolled where high yield is enough.900 MPa yield · 30 HRC
- CDCold-drawn bar and hard-drawn wire: tighter tolerance, better surface and higher yield than hot rolled.830 MPa yield · 29 HRC
- NormalizedUse to refine grain and homogenize fine pearlite before machining or hardening; higher strength than annealed.530 MPa yield · 28 HRC
- AnnealedChoose for maximum machinability, deep drawing or cold forming before hardening.400 MPa yield · 185 HB
Working with 1075-HR
Is 1075 easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed or spheroidized state with rigid setups and carbide tooling; hardened material above ~50 HRC needs grinding or EDM.
Can 1075 be welded?
Poor weldability (CE ≈ 0.9): if unavoidable, preheat 250–350 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables and temper immediately after welding.
Can 1075 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form only when annealed or in thin strip; hot work 850–1100 °C, harden from 790–830 °C (water/brine for thin, fast oil for thicker), temper 175–450 °C to target hardness.
What surface finishes work on 1075?
No corrosion resistance — protect with oil, black oxide/bluing, phosphate, zinc plating or paint; polishes to a bright finish when hardened.
1075 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CGB 75: 0.72–0.80 | 0.7 – 0.8 | 0.75 |
| MnGB 75: 0.50–0.80 | 0.4 – 0.7 | 0.55 |
| Sikilled steel; not specified for rimmed AISI heats, GB 75: 0.17–0.37 | 0.1 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| Smax (ASTM A29 bar) | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
1075-HR — frequently asked
What is 1075-HR used for?
1075-HR is typically used for clutch plates, spring clips and blades. In short: high hardness; blade steel.
What is the yield strength of 1075-HR?
1075-HR has a typical yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 58% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 10 listed tempers.
Is 1075-HR easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (38/100, worse than 80% of steel grades). Machine in the annealed or spheroidized state with rigid setups and carbide tooling; hardened material above ~50 HRC needs grinding or EDM.
Can 1075-HR be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (18/100). Poor weldability (CE ≈ 0.9): if unavoidable, preheat 250–350 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables and temper immediately after welding.
What surface finishes work on 1075-HR?
No corrosion resistance — protect with oil, black oxide/bluing, phosphate, zinc plating or paint; polishes to a bright finish when hardened.
Can 1075-HR be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form only when annealed or in thin strip; hot work 850–1100 °C, harden from 790–830 °C (water/brine for thin, fast oil for thicker), temper 175–450 °C to target hardness.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1075-HR?
1075-HR is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1075-HR and 1075-OT?
HR is the default condition — most commonly stocked mill condition for plate, flat bar and coil that will be re-heat-treated by the user. OT: continuously austenitized, oil-quenched and tempered wire for coil springs — coil directly, no post-heat treatment beyond stress relief. Yield strength is 470 MPa in HR versus 1,400 MPa in OT.
Can FabDigit make parts in 1075-HR?
Yes — 1075-HR is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM A29/A29M — Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought — ASTM (2020)
- ASTM A682/A684 — High-Carbon Cold-Rolled Spring Steel Strip — ASTM (2018)
- ASTM A229 / A230 — Oil-Tempered Carbon Steel Spring Wire — ASTM (2019)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.4 — Heat Treating — ASM International (1991)
- Mysteel / SMM (2025)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.