Stainless Steel 1.4516
EN 1.4516
1.4516 (X6CrNiTi12) is a titanium-stabilized 12 % Cr ferritic stainless with a small nickel addition for improved toughness, supplied as annealed 2B and 1D sheet, 2R bright-annealed strip, cold-drawn bar and annealed welded tube.
Reference datasheet — 1.4516 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the Annealed-2B condition
1.4516 tempers and conditions
1.4516 is supplied in 3 conditions, soft to hard. Annealed-2B is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hot rolled, annealed and pickled plate/strip | Thicker gauges (>3 mm) for structural or heat-shield parts where surface finish is unimportant. | 300 | 470 | 24 | 150 HB | 2.9 % IACS |
Annealed-2BDefault Annealed, cold rolled sheet/coil | Standard stocked condition for exhaust and formed parts — best combination of formability and weldability. | 320 | 490 | 26 | 155 HB | 2.9 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Bar stock with raised strength and tight tolerance for machined fittings and shafts in mild service. | 480 | 600 | 14 | 12 HRC | 2.9 % IACS |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways 1.4516 is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
Tube-Welded-Ann | Welded tube, bright/annealed after welding | Supply form |
2R-BA | Bright annealed cold rolled strip | Surface finish |
What is 1.4516?
1.4516 (X6CrNiTi12) is a titanium-stabilized 12 % Cr ferritic stainless with a small nickel addition for improved toughness, supplied as annealed 2B and 1D sheet, 2R bright-annealed strip, cold-drawn bar and annealed welded tube. It is used for automotive exhaust and lightly loaded structural parts, giving 320 MPa yield, 490 MPa tensile, 26 % elongation and service to 650 °C. The 12 % Cr level means lower corrosion resistance than 17 % Cr ferritics, so exposed parts are usually coated or aluminized, and formability (score 68) is below 439-type grades. 1.4511 is the nearest step up. 1.4516 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F). 1.4516 has a yield strength of 320 MPa (46.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) — weaker than 60% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 26% and the elastic modulus is 220 GPa (31.9 Msi).
What is 1.4516 used for?
- exhaust systems
- heat shields
- low-stress structural trim
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 55/100, better than 94% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 25 W/m·K (14.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 93% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 3.6 kg CO₂/kg, better than 83% of stainless steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 68/100, better than 75% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 35/100, worse than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Hard to polish — 55/100, worse than 89% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 90 MPa·√m (81.9 ksi·√in), worse than 75% of stainless steel grades
1.4516 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4516-Annealed-2B; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4516 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F).
Mechanical16
1.4516 has a yield strength of 320 MPa (46.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) — weaker than 60% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 26% and the elastic modulus is 220 GPa (31.9 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4516 is rated for continuous service to 650°C (1,202 °F). It conducts heat at 25 W/m·K (14.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 93% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.5 µm/m·K (5.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4516 conducts electricity at 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (35/100), worse than 97% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4516 takes about 50 MJ of energy and emits 3.6 kg of CO₂ — less than 80% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 60%.
Manufacturability7
1.4516's machinability is good (55/100, better than 94% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (78/100); formability good (68/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. 1.4516 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 1.4516
Is 1.4516 easy to machine?
Machines more freely than 304 (short-ish chips, lower work hardening); use sharp positive-rake carbide, 60–120 m/min, generous coolant to avoid built-up edge.
Can 1.4516 be welded?
Readily welded by TIG/MIG/laser/resistance without post-weld anneal thanks to Ti stabilization; limit heat input and use 309L or matching Ti-stabilized filler, avoid excessive grain growth in thick sections.
Can 1.4516 be formed, bent or molded?
Good roll-forming, bending and moderate deep drawing; lower n-value than austenitics so allow larger bend radii (≥1t) and watch for ridging/roping in draw direction.
1.4516 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C'X6' designation ≈ 0.06 % C typical | ≤ 0.08 | 0.05 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | |
| Cr | 10.5 – 12.5 | 11.5 |
| Nitoughness enhancer, distinguishes 1.4516 from 1.4512 | 0.5 – 1.5 | 1 |
| Ti≥6×C, stabilizes carbon/nitrogen | 0.3 – 1 | 0.4 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 1.4516?
Not anodizable — pickle and passivate after welding, or apply aluminized/organic coatings for cosmetic or long-term wet exposure; electropolishing gives a modest brightness improvement.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Organic Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Stainless Steel 1.4516 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- X6CrNiTi12
How much does 1.4516 cost?
1.4516 is a standard-cost stainless steel ($$), cheaper than about 71% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
1.4516 — frequently asked
What is 1.4516 used for?
1.4516 is typically used for exhaust systems, heat shields and low-stress structural trim. In short: low-cost 12Cr ferritic; weldable without post-anneal; exhaust and heat-shield grade.
What is the yield strength of 1.4516?
1.4516 has a typical yield strength of 320 MPa (46.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) — weaker than 60% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is 1.4516 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (55/100, better than 94% of stainless steel grades). Machines more freely than 304 (short-ish chips, lower work hardening); use sharp positive-rake carbide, 60–120 m/min, generous coolant to avoid built-up edge.
Can 1.4516 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (78/100). Readily welded by TIG/MIG/laser/resistance without post-weld anneal thanks to Ti stabilization; limit heat input and use 309L or matching Ti-stabilized filler, avoid excessive grain growth in thick sections.
What surface finishes work on 1.4516?
Not anodizable — pickle and passivate after welding, or apply aluminized/organic coatings for cosmetic or long-term wet exposure; electropolishing gives a modest brightness improvement.
Can 1.4516 be formed, bent or molded?
Good roll-forming, bending and moderate deep drawing; lower n-value than austenitics so allow larger bend radii (≥1t) and watch for ridging/roping in draw direction.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4516?
1.4516 is rated for continuous use to about 650°C (1,202 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1.4516 Annealed-2B and 1.4516-CD?
Annealed-2B is the default condition — standard stocked condition for exhaust and formed parts — best combination of formability and weldability. CD: bar stock with raised strength and tight tolerance for machined fittings and shafts in mild service. Yield strength is 320 MPa in Annealed-2B versus 480 MPa in CD.
How much does 1.4516 cost?
1.4516 is a standard-cost stainless steel ($$), cheaper than about 71% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10088-1 Stainless steels — List of stainless steels — CEN (2014)
- EN 10088-2 Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip for general purposes — CEN (2014)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Ferritic stainless steels for automotive exhaust systems (12Cr Ti-stabilized grades) — Outokumpu / Aperam (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.