Stainless Steel 1.4516-CD (Cold drawn)
Supply condition
EN 1.4516
Bar stock with raised strength and tight tolerance for machined fittings and shafts in mild service.
Values for the CD condition
Other 1.4516 tempers and conditions
1.4516 is listed in 3 conditions; see the grade overview at 1.4516.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hot rolled, annealed and pickled plate/strip | Thicker gauges (>3 mm) for structural or heat-shield parts where surface finish is unimportant. | 300 | 470 | 24 | 150 HB | 2.9 % IACS |
Annealed-2BDefault Annealed, cold rolled sheet/coil | Standard stocked condition for exhaust and formed parts — best combination of formability and weldability. | 320 | 490 | 26 | 155 HB | 2.9 % IACS |
CDThis page Cold drawn | Bar stock with raised strength and tight tolerance for machined fittings and shafts in mild service. | 480 | 600 | 14 | 12 HRC | 2.9 % IACS |
What is 1.4516-CD?
1.4516-CD is 1.4516 supplied in the CD condition — bar stock with raised strength and tight tolerance for machined fittings and shafts in mild service. 1.4516-CD has a yield strength of 480 MPa (69.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 75% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 14% and the elastic modulus is 220 GPa (31.9 Msi). 1.4516-CD has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F). Annealed-2B is the default condition FabDigit quotes; CD is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 60/100, better than 98% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 25 W/m·K (14.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 93% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 3.6 kg CO₂/kg, better than 83% of stainless steel grades
- High strength — 480 MPa (69.6 ksi), better than 75% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 33/100, worse than 98% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 14%, worse than 91% of stainless steel grades
- Hard to polish — 55/100, worse than 89% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 70 MPa·√m (63.7 ksi·√in), worse than 83% of stainless steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 400°C (752 °F), worse than 78% of stainless steel grades
1.4516-CD properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4516-CD; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1.4516 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4516-CD has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F).
Mechanical16
1.4516-CD has a yield strength of 480 MPa (69.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 75% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 14% and the elastic modulus is 220 GPa (31.9 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4516-CD is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 25 W/m·K (14.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 93% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.5 µm/m·K (5.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4516-CD conducts electricity at 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (33/100), worse than 98% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4516-CD takes about 50 MJ of energy and emits 3.6 kg of CO₂ — less than 80% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 60%.
Manufacturability7
1.4516-CD's machinability is good (60/100, better than 98% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (74/100); formability fair (40/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1.4516-CD
Is 1.4516 easy to machine?
Machines more freely than 304 (short-ish chips, lower work hardening); use sharp positive-rake carbide, 60–120 m/min, generous coolant to avoid built-up edge.
Can 1.4516 be welded?
Readily welded by TIG/MIG/laser/resistance without post-weld anneal thanks to Ti stabilization; limit heat input and use 309L or matching Ti-stabilized filler, avoid excessive grain growth in thick sections.
Can 1.4516 be formed, bent or molded?
Good roll-forming, bending and moderate deep drawing; lower n-value than austenitics so allow larger bend radii (≥1t) and watch for ridging/roping in draw direction.
What surface finishes work on 1.4516?
Not anodizable — pickle and passivate after welding, or apply aluminized/organic coatings for cosmetic or long-term wet exposure; electropolishing gives a modest brightness improvement.
1.4516 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C'X6' designation ≈ 0.06 % C typical | ≤ 0.08 | 0.05 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | — |
| Cr | 10.5 – 12.5 | 11.5 |
| Nitoughness enhancer, distinguishes 1.4516 from 1.4512 | 0.5 – 1.5 | 1 |
| Ti≥6×C, stabilizes carbon/nitrogen | 0.3 – 1 | 0.4 |
| Fe | balance | — |
1.4516-CD — frequently asked
What is 1.4516-CD used for?
1.4516-CD is typically used for exhaust systems, heat shields and low-stress structural trim. In short: low-cost 12Cr ferritic; weldable without post-anneal; exhaust and heat-shield grade.
What is the yield strength of 1.4516-CD?
1.4516-CD has a typical yield strength of 480 MPa (69.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 75% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is 1.4516-CD easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (60/100, better than 98% of stainless steel grades). Machines more freely than 304 (short-ish chips, lower work hardening); use sharp positive-rake carbide, 60–120 m/min, generous coolant to avoid built-up edge.
Can 1.4516-CD be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (74/100). Readily welded by TIG/MIG/laser/resistance without post-weld anneal thanks to Ti stabilization; limit heat input and use 309L or matching Ti-stabilized filler, avoid excessive grain growth in thick sections.
What surface finishes work on 1.4516-CD?
Not anodizable — pickle and passivate after welding, or apply aluminized/organic coatings for cosmetic or long-term wet exposure; electropolishing gives a modest brightness improvement.
Can 1.4516-CD be formed, bent or molded?
Good roll-forming, bending and moderate deep drawing; lower n-value than austenitics so allow larger bend radii (≥1t) and watch for ridging/roping in draw direction.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4516-CD?
1.4516-CD is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1.4516 Annealed-2B and 1.4516-CD?
Annealed-2B is the default condition — standard stocked condition for exhaust and formed parts — best combination of formability and weldability. CD: bar stock with raised strength and tight tolerance for machined fittings and shafts in mild service. Yield strength is 320 MPa in Annealed-2B versus 480 MPa in CD.
Sources
- EN 10088-1 Stainless steels — List of stainless steels — CEN (2014)
- EN 10088-2 Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip for general purposes — CEN (2014)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Ferritic stainless steels for automotive exhaust systems (12Cr Ti-stabilized grades) — Outokumpu / Aperam (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.