Steel ZG270-500-N (Normalized)
Heat-treated state · default condition
GB GB/T 11352
Standard delivery condition for structural and pressure castings: refines the as-cast structure and reliably meets the 270/500 MPa spec.
Values for the N condition
Other ZG270-500 tempers and conditions
ZG270-500 is listed in 7 conditions; see the grade overview at ZG270-500.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
As fabricated | Cheapest condition for non-critical, low-stress castings; coarse dendritic structure and residual stress mean lower ductility and impact. | 265 | 500 | 14 | 155 HB | — |
Solution annealed | Pick when maximum machinability, lowest residual stress and dimensional stability matter more than strength. | 280 | 510 | 23 | 150 HB | — |
Stress relieved | Post-weld or post-rough-machining treatment to stabilize dimensions; mechanical properties stay close to the prior condition. | 290 | 530 | 23 | 158 HB | 10 % IACS |
Normalized and tempered | Choose for pressure parts and welded castings needing lower residual stress and better notch toughness than plain normalized. | 295 | 525 | 24 | 156 HB | — |
NDefaultThis page Normalized | Standard delivery condition for structural and pressure castings: refines the as-cast structure and reliably meets the 270/500 MPa spec. | 300 | 540 | 22 | 160 HB | — |
Surface hardened | Local hardening of tooth flanks, rails or wear pads on an otherwise normalized casting; core stays tough. | 300 | 540 | 20 | 48 HRC | 10 % IACS |
Quenched and tempered | Used on thin-to-medium sections when higher yield and wear resistance are needed; low hardenability limits the benefit in heavy walls. | 420 | 640 | 18 | 15 HRC | — |
What is ZG270-500-N?
ZG270-500-N is ZG270-500 heat treated to N — standard delivery condition for structural and pressure castings: refines the as-cast structure and reliably meets the 270/500 MPa spec. ZG270-500-N has a yield strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 540 MPa (78.3 ksi) — weaker than 86% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 202 GPa (29.3 Msi). ZG270-500-N has a density of 7.83 g/cm³ (0.283 lb/in³), lighter than 80% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Advantages
- High electrical conductivity — 10 % IACS, better than 83% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 72/100, better than 75% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 300 MPa (43.5 ksi), worse than 86% of steel grades
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
ZG270-500-N properties
Typical room-temperature values for ZG270-500-N; 14 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are ZG270-500 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
ZG270-500-N has a density of 7.83 g/cm³ (0.283 lb/in³), lighter than 80% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical16
ZG270-500-N has a yield strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 540 MPa (78.3 ksi) — weaker than 86% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 202 GPa (29.3 Msi).
Thermal6
ZG270-500-N is rated for continuous service to 425°C (797 °F). It conducts heat at 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.2 µm/m·K (6.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
ZG270-500-N conducts electricity at 10 % IACS, better than 83% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (11/100), worse than 73% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of ZG270-500-N takes about 26 MJ of energy and emits 2 kg of CO₂ — less than 64% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 85%.
Manufacturability8
ZG270-500-N's machinability is good (58/100, better than 75% of steel grades); weldability very good (72/100); formability poor (25/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with ZG270-500-N
Is ZG270-500 easy to machine?
Machines like normalized 1035 steel (~60 % of 1212); use rigid setups and carbide tooling, and expect scattered hard spots/sand inclusions in the as-cast skin.
Can ZG270-500 be welded?
Readily welded with E7018/ER70S-6; preheat 100–150 °C above ~25 mm section and post-weld stress relieve at 600–650 °C for repaired or heavily welded castings.
Can ZG270-500 be formed, bent or molded?
Sand or shell cast at ~1560–1600 °C with generous risers and chills — solidification shrinkage ≈2 % and hot-tear sensitivity require good feeding design; not a cold-formed product.
What surface finishes work on ZG270-500?
No anodizing; shot blast then paint, phosphate, zinc plate or hot-dip galvanize for corrosion protection — porosity limits mirror polishing.
ZG270-500 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CGB/T 11352-2009 upper limit; typical 0.31–0.40 | ≤ 0.4 | 0.35 |
| Si | ≤ 0.6 | 0.35 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.9 | 0.65 |
| S | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| Niresidual element | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Crresidual element | ≤ 0.35 | — |
| Curesidual element | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Moresidual element | ≤ 0.2 | — |
| Vresidual element; total residuals ≤1.00 % | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
ZG270-500-N — frequently asked
What is ZG270-500-N used for?
ZG270-500-N is typically used for valve bodies, pump housings, gears and structural machine parts. In short: medium-strength WCB equivalent; balanced strength and ductility; weld-repairable pressure castings.
What is the yield strength of ZG270-500-N?
ZG270-500-N has a typical yield strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 540 MPa (78.3 ksi) — weaker than 86% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is ZG270-500-N easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (58/100, better than 75% of steel grades). Machines like normalized 1035 steel (~60 % of 1212); use rigid setups and carbide tooling, and expect scattered hard spots/sand inclusions in the as-cast skin.
Can ZG270-500-N be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (72/100). Readily welded with E7018/ER70S-6; preheat 100–150 °C above ~25 mm section and post-weld stress relieve at 600–650 °C for repaired or heavily welded castings.
What surface finishes work on ZG270-500-N?
No anodizing; shot blast then paint, phosphate, zinc plate or hot-dip galvanize for corrosion protection — porosity limits mirror polishing.
Can ZG270-500-N be formed, bent or molded?
Sand or shell cast at ~1560–1600 °C with generous risers and chills — solidification shrinkage ≈2 % and hot-tear sensitivity require good feeding design; not a cold-formed product.
What is the maximum service temperature of ZG270-500-N?
ZG270-500-N is rated for continuous use to about 425°C (797 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between ZG270-500-N and ZG270-500-F?
N is the default condition — standard delivery condition for structural and pressure castings: refines the as-cast structure and reliably meets the 270/500 MPa spec. F: cheapest condition for non-critical, low-stress castings; coarse dendritic structure and residual stress mean lower ductility and impact. Yield strength is 300 MPa in N versus 265 MPa in F.
Sources
- ASTM A216/A216M Carbon Steel Castings for High-Temperature Service (WCB) — ASTM (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys (Steel Castings) — ASM International (1990)
- Steel Castings Handbook — SFSA / ASM International (1995)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.