Steel CPM 10V
CPM 10V is a powder-metallurgy high-vanadium cold-work tool steel whose fine, evenly distributed vanadium carbides give roughly double the abrasive wear resistance of D2.
Values for the Annealed condition
CPM 10V tempers and conditions
CPM 10V is supplied in 5 conditions, soft to hard. Annealed is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefault mill-annealed (soft) bar/plate | Standard stocked condition for machining tool blanks before hardening. | 560 | 830 | 12 | 24 HRC | 2.7 % IACS |
austenitised ~1120 °C, triple tempered ~540 °C to 60–62 HRC | The standard working hardness for cold-work dies, shear knives and granulator blades. | 1,750 | 2,000 | 1 | 61 HRC | 2.6 % IACS |
ion/gas nitride ~480–520 °C | Surface treatment for extra galling/adhesive-wear resistance on hardened 10V tooling; core properties unchanged. | 1,750 | 2,000 | 1 | 61 HRC | 2.6 % IACS |
High austenitising (~1150–1175 °C) + triple temper 540 °C | Choose for maximum abrasion resistance and edge holding where impact loading is minimal. | 1,950 | 2,100 | 1 | 63 HRC | 2.5 % IACS |
H&T + deep cryogenic treatment | Adds ~1 HRC and improves dimensional stability by converting retained austenite; used for precision blanking dies and knives. | 1,950 | 2,100 | 1 | 62 HRC | 2.5 % IACS |
What is CPM 10V?
CPM 10V is a powder-metallurgy high-vanadium cold-work tool steel whose fine, evenly distributed vanadium carbides give roughly double the abrasive wear resistance of D2. Engineers specify it where die or blade life governs cost; it is supplied annealed and as hardened and tempered stock at 62–64 HRC, with cryogenic-treated and nitrided options. Annealed values are about 560 MPa yield, 830 MPa tensile and 255 HB, with service to 480 °C. Trade-offs are cost, difficult machining and grinding, essentially no weldability and no corrosion resistance; D2 stays the cheaper choice when wear is moderate. CPM 10V has a density of 7.41 g/cm³ (0.268 lb/in³), lighter than 98% of steel grades. It melts at 1,280°C (2,336 °F). CPM 10V has a yield strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 73% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 12% and the elastic modulus is 228 GPa (33.1 Msi).
What is CPM 10V used for?
- Cold blanking and piercing dies
- Slitting knives
- Shredder and granulator blades
- Powder-compaction tooling
- Forming and coining punches
- Thread-rolling dies
- Pelletizing dies
Advantages
- Good corrosion resistance — 22/100, better than 90% of steel grades
- High service temperature — 480°C (896 °F), better than 88% of steel grades
Limitations
- High embodied carbon — 5.5 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 97% of steel grades
- Low electrical conductivity — 2.7 % IACS, worse than 96% of steel grades
- Poor heat conductor — 22 W/m·K (12.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 93% of steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 25/100, worse than 93% of steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 40 MPa·√m (36.4 ksi·√in), worse than 92% of steel grades
CPM 10V properties
Typical room-temperature values for CPM 10V-Annealed; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical2
CPM 10V has a density of 7.41 g/cm³ (0.268 lb/in³), lighter than 98% of steel grades. It melts at 1,280°C (2,336 °F).
Mechanical17
CPM 10V has a yield strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 73% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 12% and the elastic modulus is 228 GPa (33.1 Msi).
Thermal5
CPM 10V is rated for continuous service to 480°C (896 °F). It conducts heat at 22 W/m·K (12.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 93% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.6 µm/m·K (5.89 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
CPM 10V conducts electricity at 2.7 % IACS, worse than 96% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is poor (22/100), better than 90% of steel grades.
Sustainability3
Producing a kilogram of CPM 10V takes about 75 MJ of energy and emits 5.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 97% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.
Manufacturability7
CPM 10V's machinability is poor (25/100, worse than 93% of steel grades); weldability poor (15/100); formability not recommended (12/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. CPM 10V is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with CPM 10V
Is CPM 10V easy to machine?
Machine only in the annealed state with rigid setups, low speeds and TiAlN-coated carbide or ceramic; grinding after hardening needs CBN or seeded-gel/SG alumina wheels because vanadium carbides outrank conventional Al₂O₃.
Can CPM 10V be welded?
Essentially a repair-only operation — preheat 450–500 °C, matching or 420-type filler, small beads, immediate temper at 25 °C below the last tempering temperature; cracking risk is high.
Can CPM 10V be formed, bent or molded?
No cold forming; hot work 950–1100 °C with slow controlled cooling and immediate anneal, then harden at 1010–1175 °C with plate quench or 5–6 bar gas quench and triple temper at 540 °C.
Manufacturability
The process limits FabDigit applies to CPM 10V. Every CPM 10V part is priced by an engineer; design inside these and the quote comes back without a redesign loop.
CNC machining
| Machinability | Poor25 / 100 |
|---|---|
| ISO material group | P.2 |
| Cutting speed (rough / finish) | 180 / 210 m/min |
| Minimum wall | 0.8 mm |
| Minimum internal radius | 1 mm |
| Drill depth limit | 5× diameter |
| Best surface (machined / polished) | Ra 1.6 / — |
| Hardenable after machining | No |
CPM 10V chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 2.35 – 2.55 | 2.45 |
| Si | 0.7 – 1.1 | 0.9 |
| Mn | 0.3 – 0.7 | 0.5 |
| Cr | 5 – 5.5 | 5.25 |
| Mo | 1.1 – 1.5 | 1.3 |
| Vforms the MC carbide network responsible for wear resistance | 9.5 – 10 | 9.75 |
| Sfree-machining sulphur version also offered | ≤ 0.07 | 0.03 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on CPM 10V?
Not stainless — protect with black oxide, phosphate, oil, hard chrome or PVD (TiN/AlTiN/CrN); nitriding after temper further boosts surface wear resistance.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Plating
CVD Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel CPM 10V in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- Similar grades
- D2
How much does CPM 10V cost?
CPM 10V is a premium-cost steel ($$$), pricier than about 57% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
CPM 10V — frequently asked
What is CPM 10V used for?
CPM 10V is typically used for cold blanking and piercing dies, slitting knives, shredder and granulator blades, powder-compaction tooling, forming and coining punches and thread-rolling dies. In short: premium wear-resistant tool.
What is the yield strength of CPM 10V?
CPM 10V has a typical yield strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 73% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is CPM 10V easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (25/100, worse than 93% of steel grades). Machine only in the annealed state with rigid setups, low speeds and TiAlN-coated carbide or ceramic; grinding after hardening needs CBN or seeded-gel/SG alumina wheels because vanadium carbides outrank conventional Al₂O₃.
Can CPM 10V be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (15/100). Essentially a repair-only operation — preheat 450–500 °C, matching or 420-type filler, small beads, immediate temper at 25 °C below the last tempering temperature; cracking risk is high.
What surface finishes work on CPM 10V?
Not stainless — protect with black oxide, phosphate, oil, hard chrome or PVD (TiN/AlTiN/CrN); nitriding after temper further boosts surface wear resistance.
Can CPM 10V be formed, bent or molded?
No cold forming; hot work 950–1100 °C with slow controlled cooling and immediate anneal, then harden at 1010–1175 °C with plate quench or 5–6 bar gas quench and triple temper at 540 °C.
What is the maximum service temperature of CPM 10V?
CPM 10V is rated for continuous use to about 480°C (896 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does CPM 10V cost?
CPM 10V is a premium-cost steel ($$$), pricier than about 57% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Can FabDigit make parts in CPM 10V?
Yes — CPM 10V is available for CNC machining; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- CPM 10V Tool Steel Data Sheet — Crucible Industries (2020)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys (tool steels) — ASM International (1990)
- Tool Steels, 5th ed. — ASM International (1998)
- ASTM A600 / AISI A11 type high-vanadium tool steel classification — ASTM (2016)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.