Steel 09G2S-A (Solution annealed)
Temper
EN 09G2S
Softest condition, used before heavy cold forming or deep machining; lowest strength, best ductility.
Values for the A condition
Other 09G2S tempers and conditions
09G2S is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at 09G2S.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AThis page Solution annealed | Softest condition, used before heavy cold forming or deep machining; lowest strength, best ductility. | 310 | 470 | 28 | 135 HB | 8 % IACS |
HRDefault Hot rolled | Default mill condition for plate, sections and coil; general welded structures at ambient to −40 °C. | 350 | 500 | 22 | 150 HB | — |
Normalized | Choose for thick plate, pressure vessels and −70 °C service where uniform fine grain and guaranteed low-temperature Charpy are required. | 360 | 510 | 25 | 152 HB | — |
Thermomechanically controlled processed | Pick for heavy plate and linepipe where high toughness plus low carbon equivalent (better field weldability) is needed. | 400 | 540 | 24 | 165 HB | — |
Quenched and tempered | Used for high-strength thermally strengthened plate/pipe (термоупрочнённый) when 440+ MPa yield is needed at the same weldable chemistry. | 470 | 600 | 19 | 12 HRC | — |
Cold drawn | Cold-drawn round/flat bar and cold-formed hollow sections: higher yield and better surface/tolerance, reduced ductility. | 490 | 590 | 12 | 12 HRC | 8 % IACS |
What is 09G2S-A?
09G2S-A is 09G2S in the A temper — softest condition, used before heavy cold forming or deep machining; lowest strength, best ductility. 09G2S-A has a yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 206 GPa (29.9 Msi). 09G2S-A has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). HR is the default condition FabDigit quotes; A is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Tough — resists crack growth — 135 MPa·√m (122.9 ksi·√in), better than 93% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 80/100, better than 93% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 90/100, better than 90% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 28%, better than 89% of steel grades
- Easy to machine — 62/100, better than 89% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Low strength — 310 MPa (45 ksi), worse than 83% of steel grades
09G2S-A properties
Typical room-temperature values for 09G2S-A; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 09G2S reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
09G2S-A has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical16
09G2S-A has a yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 206 GPa (29.9 Msi).
Thermal6
09G2S-A is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 49 W/m·K (28.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
09G2S-A conducts electricity at 8 % IACS, better than 55% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (13/100), better than 66% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 09G2S-A takes about 27 MJ of energy and emits 2.2 kg of CO₂ — less than 59% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability8
09G2S-A's machinability is good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades); weldability excellent (90/100); formability very good (80/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 09G2S-A
Is 09G2S easy to machine?
Machines like a 0.10 %C HSLA steel — gummy chips at low speed; use sharp positive-rake carbide, moderate feed and coolant, ~65 % of AISI 1212 rating.
Can 09G2S be welded?
Excellent weldability (CEV ≈ 0.40–0.46); SMAW/MAG/SAW with low-hydrogen consumables (E50xx / ER70S-6), preheat 100–150 °C only above ~30 mm thickness or below 0 °C.
Can 09G2S be formed, bent or molded?
Cold bends to 2t–3t radius in the as-rolled condition; hot forming 1150–850 °C followed by normalizing restores toughness for cryogenic service.
What surface finishes work on 09G2S?
No anodizing; protect by shot blast + epoxy/alkyd paint, hot-dip galvanizing or zinc-rich primer — bare surfaces rust rapidly outdoors.
09G2S chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CGOST 19281 09Г2С | ≤ 0.12 | 0.1 |
| Si | 0.5 – 0.8 | 0.65 |
| Mn | 1.3 – 1.7 | 1.5 |
| Crresidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| S0.035 max for higher quality categories | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| N | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| AsGOST limit | ≤ 0.08 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
09G2S-A — frequently asked
What is 09G2S-A used for?
09G2S-A is typically used for pipelines, welded structures and pressure vessels. In short: highly weldable structural HSLA; Q345/S355-class strength; low-cost CIS plate grade.
What is the yield strength of 09G2S-A?
09G2S-A has a typical yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 09G2S-A easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades). Machines like a 0.10 %C HSLA steel — gummy chips at low speed; use sharp positive-rake carbide, moderate feed and coolant, ~65 % of AISI 1212 rating.
Can 09G2S-A be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (90/100). Excellent weldability (CEV ≈ 0.40–0.46); SMAW/MAG/SAW with low-hydrogen consumables (E50xx / ER70S-6), preheat 100–150 °C only above ~30 mm thickness or below 0 °C.
What surface finishes work on 09G2S-A?
No anodizing; protect by shot blast + epoxy/alkyd paint, hot-dip galvanizing or zinc-rich primer — bare surfaces rust rapidly outdoors.
Can 09G2S-A be formed, bent or molded?
Cold bends to 2t–3t radius in the as-rolled condition; hot forming 1150–850 °C followed by normalizing restores toughness for cryogenic service.
What is the maximum service temperature of 09G2S-A?
09G2S-A is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 09G2S-HR and 09G2S-CD?
HR is the default condition — default mill condition for plate, sections and coil; general welded structures at ambient to −40 °C. CD: cold-drawn round/flat bar and cold-formed hollow sections: higher yield and better surface/tolerance, reduced ductility. Yield strength is 350 MPa in HR versus 490 MPa in CD.
Sources
- GOST 19281 — Rolled steel of high strength. General specifications — Gosstandart (2014)
- GOST 5520 — Rolled plate for boilers and pressure vessels — Gosstandart (2017)
- GB/T 1591 — High strength low alloy structural steels (Q345/Q355) — SAC (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Marochnik stali i splavov — 09Г2С grade data — Marochnik (2020)
- Mysteel / SMM plate and section price indices (2026)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.