Stainless Steel 405 Cold Drawn
Supply condition
AISI/SAE 405 · UNS S40500 · EN 1.4002, X6CrAl13 · JIS SUS405 · GB 06Cr13Al, 0Cr13Al
Bar stock with tighter tolerance and higher strength; ductility and impact toughness are reduced by the cold work.
Values for the Cold Drawn condition
Other 405 tempers and conditions
405 is listed in 2 conditions; see the grade overview at 405.
- Annealed
- Cold Drawn
Compare all 2 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefault softened (typically 650–815 °C, air cooled) | Standard stocked condition for plate, sheet and bar; maximum ductility and best weld/formability. | 280 | 480 | 28 | 155 HB | — |
Cold DrawnThis page annealed then cold finished bar | Bar stock with tighter tolerance and higher strength; ductility and impact toughness are reduced by the cold work. | 450 | 585 | 18 | 12 HRC | 2.9 % IACS |
What is 405 Cold Drawn?
405 Cold Drawn is 405 supplied in the Cold Drawn condition — bar stock with tighter tolerance and higher strength; ductility and impact toughness are reduced by the cold work. 405 Cold Drawn has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 585 MPa (84.8 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). 405 Cold Drawn has a density of 7.75 g/cm³ (0.28 lb/in³), lighter than 65% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,480°C (2,696 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Cold Drawn is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 60/100, better than 98% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 27 W/m·K (15.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 3.6 kg CO₂/kg, better than 83% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 45/100, worse than 85% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 18%, worse than 83% of stainless steel grades
- Hard to polish — 60/100, worse than 80% of stainless steel grades
405 Cold Drawn properties
Typical room-temperature values for 405 Cold Drawn; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 405 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
405 Cold Drawn has a density of 7.75 g/cm³ (0.28 lb/in³), lighter than 65% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,480°C (2,696 °F).
Mechanical13
405 Cold Drawn has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 585 MPa (84.8 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
405 Cold Drawn is rated for continuous service to 705°C (1,301 °F). It conducts heat at 27 W/m·K (15.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 97% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.8 µm/m·K (6 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
405 Cold Drawn conducts electricity at 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (45/100), worse than 85% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 405 Cold Drawn takes about 50 MJ of energy and emits 3.6 kg of CO₂ — less than 80% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 65%.
Manufacturability8
405 Cold Drawn's machinability is good (60/100, better than 98% of stainless steel grades); weldability good (65/100); formability fair (40/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 405 Cold Drawn
Is 405 easy to machine?
Machines like annealed 410 at roughly 60% of 1212 — use rigid setups, positive-rake sharp tooling and generous coolant to avoid the gummy, work-hardening surface.
Can 405 be welded?
Weldable by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW without hardened martensite in the HAZ; use 405Cb, 309L or 430 filler, low heat input and preheat 150–200 °C on heavy sections to limit grain coarsening embrittlement.
Can 405 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms and roll-bends adequately in the annealed condition but has less stretch than austenitics; keep bend radii ≥1.5t and avoid severe deep drawing.
What surface finishes work on 405?
Passivate in nitric acid after pickling; takes a fair mechanical polish, but for long outdoor life it is usually painted or aluminized rather than left bare.
405 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CASTM A240 max | ≤ 0.08 | 0.05 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Cr | 11.5 – 14.5 | 13 |
| Alferrite stabiliser — suppresses hardening on cooling | 0.1 – 0.3 | 0.2 |
| NiASTM A240 limit | ≤ 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Fe | balance | — |
405 Cold Drawn — frequently asked
What is 405 Cold Drawn used for?
405 Cold Drawn is typically used for pressure-vessel cladding and linings, heat treatment fixtures, annealing boxes, furnace and heater internals, quenching racks and trays and refinery tower linings. In short: welding-grade ferritic stainless.
What is the yield strength of 405 Cold Drawn?
405 Cold Drawn has a typical yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 585 MPa (84.8 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 2 listed tempers.
Is 405 Cold Drawn easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (60/100, better than 98% of stainless steel grades). Machines like annealed 410 at roughly 60% of 1212 — use rigid setups, positive-rake sharp tooling and generous coolant to avoid the gummy, work-hardening surface.
Can 405 Cold Drawn be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (65/100). Weldable by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW without hardened martensite in the HAZ; use 405Cb, 309L or 430 filler, low heat input and preheat 150–200 °C on heavy sections to limit grain coarsening embrittlement.
What surface finishes work on 405 Cold Drawn?
Passivate in nitric acid after pickling; takes a fair mechanical polish, but for long outdoor life it is usually painted or aluminized rather than left bare.
Can 405 Cold Drawn be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms and roll-bends adequately in the annealed condition but has less stretch than austenitics; keep bend radii ≥1.5t and avoid severe deep drawing.
What is the maximum service temperature of 405 Cold Drawn?
405 Cold Drawn is rated for continuous use to about 705°C (1,301 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 405 Cold Drawn?
Yes — 405 Cold Drawn is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM International (2023)
- EN 10088-2 (1.4002, X6CrAl13) — CEN (2014)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Type 405 Stainless Steel Product Data Sheet — AK Steel / Cleveland-Cliffs (2018)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.