Aluminum 2319
AA 2319 · ASTM AWS A5.10 ER2319 · EN AW-2319, AW 2319 · JIS A2319WY · GB SAl2319
2319 is an Al–Cu (≈6.3 % Cu) filler alloy with Ti, V and Zr additions, essentially the welding-wire counterpart of base alloy 2219.
2319 tempers and conditions
2319 is supplied in 6 conditions, soft to hard.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Softest condition; used where the filler must be fed through tight liners or hand-formed before welding. | 76 | 175 | 18 | 55 HB | 44 % IACS |
As-welded deposit | Properties of the all-weld-metal deposit in the condition most joints are left in; use when PWHT of the assembly is impossible. | 140 | 245 | 12 | 70 HB | 40 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and naturally aged | Solution treat ≈535 °C, quench and naturally age; chosen when subsequent forming or a later artificial age is planned. | 195 | 330 | 16 | 95 HB | 28 % IACS |
Strain hardened, half hard | Cold-drawn wire stiffness for reliable spool feeding in mechanised GMAW; strength is irrelevant after melting. | 200 | 260 | 8 | 78 HB | 42 % IACS |
T6, heat treated by the user | Standard restoration treatment for 2219/2319 welded pressure vessels and cryogenic tanks; recovers most of the parent-metal strength. | 280 | 400 | 9 | 115 HB | 30 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and artificially aged | Peak-strength condition for WAAM parts or repair deposits that can be fully heat treated after deposition. | 300 | 420 | 8 | 118 HB | 30 % IACS |
What is 2319?
2319 is an Al–Cu (≈6.3 % Cu) filler alloy with Ti, V and Zr additions, essentially the welding-wire counterpart of base alloy 2219. It is used almost exclusively as GTAW/GMAW filler (AWS ER2319/R2319) for welding 2219, 2014 and other heat-treatable 2000-series structures, and increasingly as feedstock for wire-arc additive manufacturing, because the Ti/Zr grain refiners give crack-resistant, post-weld heat-treatable deposits with good cryogenic toughness. Limits are poor corrosion resistance and low as-welded strength unless a full post-weld solution treatment plus ageing is applied, and it anodizes to a dark, uneven finish. 2319 has a density of 2.84 g/cm³ (0.103 lb/in³), heavier than 93% of aluminum grades. It melts at 543°C (1,009 °F). 2319 has a yield strength of 110 MPa (16 ksi) and a tensile strength of 200 MPa (29 ksi) — weaker than 81% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 73 GPa (10.6 Msi).
What is 2319 used for?
- GTAW/GMAW filler wire for 2219 structures
- Cryogenic propellant tank welds
- Wire-arc additive manufacturing feedstock
- Repair welding of 2014 and 2024 assemblies
- Weld repair of Al-Cu castings
- Launch-vehicle structural weldments
Advantages
- Readily welded — 92/100, better than 95% of aluminum grades
- High electrical conductivity — 44 % IACS, better than 85% of aluminum grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 16%, better than 84% of aluminum grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 32 MPa·√m (29.1 ksi·√in), better than 83% of aluminum grades
- High service temperature — 175°C (347 °F), better than 83% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 32/100, worse than 94% of aluminum grades
- Low strength — 110 MPa (16 ksi), worse than 81% of aluminum grades
2319 properties
Typical room-temperature values; bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
2319 has a density of 2.84 g/cm³ (0.103 lb/in³), heavier than 93% of aluminum grades. It melts at 543°C (1,009 °F).
Mechanical11
2319 has a yield strength of 110 MPa (16 ksi) and a tensile strength of 200 MPa (29 ksi) — weaker than 81% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 73 GPa (10.6 Msi).
Thermal6
2319 is rated for continuous service to 175°C (347 °F). It conducts heat at 170 W/m·K (98.2 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 82% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 22.3 µm/m·K (12.4 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
2319 conducts electricity at 44 % IACS, better than 85% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (32/100), worse than 94% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 2319 takes about 205 MJ of energy and emits 12.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 76% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 10%.
Manufacturability8
2319's machinability is good (62/100, better than 55% of aluminum grades); weldability excellent (92/100); formability good (55/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the aluminum family
Yield strength against density for every aluminum grade FabDigit runs. 2319 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 2319
Is 2319 easy to machine?
Deposits machine like 2219 — sharp, high-rake carbide or PCD tools, flood coolant, best chip control in the aged (T6/T62) condition.
Can 2319 be welded?
This IS the filler: use with GTAW/GMAW on 2219, 2014, 2024 and Al-Cu castings; keep interpass temperature low and avoid 4000-series fillers on parts that will be re-heat-treated.
Can 2319 be formed, bent or molded?
Wire is drawn and spooled; annealed (O) stock hand-forms readily, drawn H-temper wire is springy and should not be sharply kinked before feeding.
Manufacturability
The process limits FabDigit applies to 2319. Every 2319 part is priced by an engineer; design inside these and the quote comes back without a redesign loop.
CNC machining
| Machinability | Fair62 / 100 |
|---|---|
| ISO material group | N.1 |
| Cutting speed (rough / finish) | 350 / 420 m/min |
| Minimum wall | 0.5 mm |
| Minimum internal radius | 1 mm |
| Drill depth limit | 8× diameter |
| Best surface (machined / polished) | Ra 0.8 / — |
| Hardenable after machining | No |
Sheet metal
| Formability | Good55 / 100 |
|---|---|
| Weldability | Excellent92 / 100 |
2319 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Cuprimary strengthening element | 5.8 – 6.8 | 6.3 |
| Mn | 0.2 – 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Tigrain refiner, higher than base alloy 2219 | 0.1 – 0.2 | 0.15 |
| V | 0.05 – 0.15 | 0.1 |
| Zr | 0.1 – 0.25 | 0.18 |
| Si | ≤ 0.2 | |
| Fe | ≤ 0.3 | |
| Mg | ≤ 0.02 | |
| Zn | ≤ 0.1 | |
| Bemax, where specified for filler metals | ≤ 8×10⁻⁴ | |
| Others (each) | ≤ 0.05 | |
| Others (total) | ≤ 0.15 | |
| Al | balance |
What surface finishes work on 2319?
Chromic-acid or boric-sulfuric anodize and chromate/trivalent conversion coatings for corrosion protection; decorative sulfuric anodizing gives a dark uneven film because of the 6 % Cu.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on aluminum parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Conversion Coating
PVD Coating
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Aluminum 2319 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- ASTM
- AWS A5.10 ER2319
- Aluminum Association
- AA2319
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- AW-2319AW 2319S Al 2319
- GB (China)
- SAl2319
- JIS
- A2319WY
How much does 2319 cost?
2319 is a premium-cost aluminum ($$$), cheaper than about 58% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
2319 — frequently asked
What is 2319 used for?
2319 is typically used for GTAW/GMAW filler wire for 2219 structures, cryogenic propellant tank welds, wire-arc additive manufacturing feedstock, repair welding of 2014 and 2024 assemblies, weld repair of Al-Cu castings and launch-vehicle structural weldments. In short: welding wire for 2219; filler metal.
What is the yield strength of 2319?
2319 has a typical yield strength of 110 MPa (16 ksi) and a tensile strength of 200 MPa (29 ksi) — weaker than 81% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 2319 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (62/100, better than 55% of aluminum grades). Deposits machine like 2219 — sharp, high-rake carbide or PCD tools, flood coolant, best chip control in the aged (T6/T62) condition.
Can 2319 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (92/100). This IS the filler: use with GTAW/GMAW on 2219, 2014, 2024 and Al-Cu castings; keep interpass temperature low and avoid 4000-series fillers on parts that will be re-heat-treated.
What surface finishes work on 2319?
Chromic-acid or boric-sulfuric anodize and chromate/trivalent conversion coatings for corrosion protection; decorative sulfuric anodizing gives a dark uneven film because of the 6 % Cu.
Can 2319 be formed, bent or molded?
Wire is drawn and spooled; annealed (O) stock hand-forms readily, drawn H-temper wire is springy and should not be sharply kinked before feeding.
What is the maximum service temperature of 2319?
2319 is rated for continuous use to about 175°C (347 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does 2319 cost?
2319 is a premium-cost aluminum ($$$), cheaper than about 58% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Can FabDigit make parts in 2319?
Yes — 2319 is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- AWS A5.10/A5.10M — Bare Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods (ER2319/R2319) — AWS (2021)
- International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum (Teal Sheets) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys (alloy 2219 data) — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 6 — Welding, Brazing and Soldering (aluminium filler selection) — ASM International (1993)
- EN ISO 18273 — Welding consumables, wire and rods for aluminium and aluminium alloys — ISO (2015)
- ER2319 aluminium filler wire technical data — welding consumable producers (e.g. Lincoln/ESAB/Safra) (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.