Aluminum 2027
AA 2027 · UNS A92027
2027 is a modern high-strength Al-Cu-Mg (2000 series) plate alloy, UNS A92027, developed for fatigue-critical fuselage and wing structures and supplied in O, T3, T351, T3511, T4, T851 and F.
Reference datasheet — 2027 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the T351 condition
2027 tempers and conditions
2027 is supplied in 7 conditions, soft to hard. T351 is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Softest condition for deep forming or heavy machining before solution heat treatment. | 100 | 220 | 20 | 50 HB | 47 % IACS |
As fabricated | Mill stock intended for further heat treatment; no mechanical property guarantees. | 160 | 280 | 16 | 75 HB | 40 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and naturally aged | Used when parts are formed after solution treatment and no stretch relief is applied. | 300 | 450 | 18 | 122 HB | 30 % IACS |
Solution heat treated, cold worked and naturally aged | Sheet/thin-plate damage-tolerant condition where the cold work is not a controlled stretch. | 335 | 470 | 16 | 130 HB | 30 % IACS |
T351Default T3, stress relieved by stretching | Standard damage-tolerant plate temper for fuselage panels and lower wing skins — best toughness/FCG combination. | 340 | 475 | 15 | 132 HB | 30 % IACS |
Solution heat treated, stretched, minor straightening, naturally aged | Extruded stringer/frame condition where residual stress must be low and shape tolerance tight. | 365 | 490 | 13 | 138 HB | 30 % IACS |
T8, stress relieved by stretching | Pick when higher yield strength, better thermal stability and improved intergranular corrosion resistance are needed at some cost in toughness. | 425 | 490 | 8 | 142 HB | 38 % IACS |
What is 2027?
2027 is a modern high-strength Al-Cu-Mg (2000 series) plate alloy, UNS A92027, developed for fatigue-critical fuselage and wing structures and supplied in O, T3, T351, T3511, T4, T851 and F. Engineers choose it for its balance of 340 MPa yield, 475 MPa tensile strength and 15 % elongation with damage-tolerant behaviour in thick stretched plate, at 132 HB and a machinability score of 72. Corrosion resistance is low (score 33) and the maximum service temperature is about 120 °C, with 120 W/m·K conductivity and 30 % IACS. It is not arc weldable; 2024/2324 plate is the closest widely stocked alternative. 2027 has a density of 2.77 g/cm³ (0.1 lb/in³), heavier than 71% of aluminum grades. It melts at 502°C (936 °F). 2027 has a yield strength of 340 MPa (49.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 475 MPa (68.9 ksi) — stronger than 82% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 73 GPa (10.6 Msi).
What is 2027 used for?
- Aircraft fuselage plate
- Wing structural members and ribs
- Machined bulkheads and frames
- Fatigue-critical fittings from thick plate
- Wing skin and stringer stock
- Floor beams and seat-track supports
Advantages
- Tough — resists crack growth — 40 MPa·√m (36.4 ksi·√in), better than 98% of aluminum grades
- High strength — 340 MPa (49.3 ksi), better than 82% of aluminum grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 15%, better than 82% of aluminum grades
- Easy to machine — 72/100, better than 80% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 33/100, worse than 91% of aluminum grades
- Difficult to weld — 20/100, worse than 89% of aluminum grades
- Poor heat conductor — 120 W/m·K (69.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 80% of aluminum grades
- Limited service temperature — 120°C (248 °F), worse than 79% of aluminum grades
2027 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 2027-T351; bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
2027 has a density of 2.77 g/cm³ (0.1 lb/in³), heavier than 71% of aluminum grades. It melts at 502°C (936 °F).
Mechanical13
2027 has a yield strength of 340 MPa (49.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 475 MPa (68.9 ksi) — stronger than 82% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 73 GPa (10.6 Msi).
Thermal6
2027 is rated for continuous service to 120°C (248 °F). It conducts heat at 120 W/m·K (69.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 80% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 22.9 µm/m·K (12.7 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
2027 conducts electricity at 30 % IACS, worse than 73% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (33/100), worse than 91% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 2027 takes about 205 MJ of energy and emits 12.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 76% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 8%.
Manufacturability7
2027's machinability is very good (72/100, better than 80% of aluminum grades); weldability poor (20/100); formability fair (40/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the aluminum family
Yield strength against density for every aluminum grade FabDigit runs. 2027 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 2027
Is 2027 easy to machine?
Machines well in T351/T851 with sharp carbide tooling, high speed and flood coolant; long chips need chipbreakers, and residual-stress-driven distortion is minimized by using stretched (T3x1/T8x1) plate.
Can 2027 be welded?
Not recommended for fusion (arc) welding due to hot cracking; join by riveting, bolting, adhesive bonding or friction stir welding with post-weld corrosion protection.
Can 2027 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly solution-treated (T4/W) condition, ideally within a few hours or after refrigeration; T351 plate tolerates only mild bending with generous radii.
2027 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Silow-impurity, damage-tolerant chemistry | ≤ 0.12 | 0.05 |
| Ferestricted to limit coarse constituent particles | ≤ 0.15 | 0.07 |
| Cu | 3.9 – 4.6 | 4.2 |
| Mn | 0.5 – 1 | 0.7 |
| Mg | 1 – 1.5 | 1.25 |
| Cr | ≤ 0.05 | |
| Zn | ≤ 0.25 | |
| Zrdispersoid former for grain-structure control | 0.05 – 0.15 | 0.1 |
| Ti | ≤ 0.08 | 0.03 |
| Others (each) | ≤ 0.05 | |
| Others (total) | ≤ 0.15 | |
| Al | balance |
What surface finishes work on 2027?
Alkaline clean + chromate/chromate-free conversion coating or chromic/sulfuric anodize plus primer for service; avoid bare exposure in marine or chloride environments.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on aluminum parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Aluminum 2027 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- A92027
How much does 2027 cost?
2027 is a high-cost aluminum ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
2027 — frequently asked
What is 2027 used for?
2027 is typically used for aircraft fuselage plate, wing structural members and ribs, machined bulkheads and frames, fatigue-critical fittings from thick plate, wing skin and stringer stock and floor beams and seat-track supports. In short: fatigue-tuned 2024 alternative; damage-tolerant fuselage plate; good-machining aerospace 2000 series.
What is the yield strength of 2027?
2027 has a typical yield strength of 340 MPa (49.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 475 MPa (68.9 ksi) — stronger than 82% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is 2027 easy to machine?
Yes — machinability is rated very good (72/100, better than 80% of aluminum grades). Machines well in T351/T851 with sharp carbide tooling, high speed and flood coolant; long chips need chipbreakers, and residual-stress-driven distortion is minimized by using stretched (T3x1/T8x1) plate.
Can 2027 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (20/100). Not recommended for fusion (arc) welding due to hot cracking; join by riveting, bolting, adhesive bonding or friction stir welding with post-weld corrosion protection.
What surface finishes work on 2027?
Alkaline clean + chromate/chromate-free conversion coating or chromic/sulfuric anodize plus primer for service; avoid bare exposure in marine or chloride environments.
Can 2027 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly solution-treated (T4/W) condition, ideally within a few hours or after refrigeration; T351 plate tolerates only mild bending with generous radii.
What is the maximum service temperature of 2027?
2027 is rated for continuous use to about 120°C (248 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 2027-T351 and 2027-O?
T351 is the default condition — standard damage-tolerant plate temper for fuselage panels and lower wing skins — best toughness/FCG combination. O: softest condition for deep forming or heavy machining before solution heat treatment. Yield strength is 340 MPa in T351 versus 100 MPa in O.
How much does 2027 cost?
2027 is a high-cost aluminum ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum (Teal Sheets) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2: Properties and Selection — Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- MMPDS-17 Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization — Battelle/FAA (2022)
- Damage-tolerant 2000-series aerospace plate and extrusion product data — Alcoa/Arconic; Constellium (2020)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B: Corrosion — Materials — ASM International (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.