Titanium Grade 1 · temper · default condition
Titanium Grade 1-O
Properties of the O condition, compared with the other Grade 1 tempers.
Standard stocked condition: maximum ductility for deep drawing, tube expanding and explosive cladding.
What is Grade 1-O?
Grade 1-O is Grade 1 in the O temper — standard stocked condition: maximum ductility for deep drawing, tube expanding and explosive cladding. Grade 1-O has a yield strength of 220 MPa (31.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) — weaker than 97% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi). Grade 1-O has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,670°C (3,038 °F).
Advantages
- Conducts heat well — 20 W/m·K (11.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 98% of titanium grades
- High electrical conductivity — 3.6 % IACS, better than 98% of titanium grades
- Easy to machine — 42/100, better than 98% of titanium grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 30%, better than 93% of titanium grades
- Readily welded — 90/100, better than 93% of titanium grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 220 MPa (31.9 ksi), worse than 97% of titanium grades
Grade 1-O properties
Typical room-temperature values for Grade 1-O — 13 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every Grade 1 temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the titanium grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
Grade 1-O has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,670°C (3,038 °F).
Mechanical16
Grade 1-O has a yield strength of 220 MPa (31.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) — weaker than 97% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
Thermal6
Grade 1-O is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 20 W/m·K (11.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 98% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 8.6 µm/m·K (4.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Grade 1-O conducts electricity at 3.6 % IACS, better than 98% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (93/100), better than 72% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Grade 1-O takes about 650 MJ of energy and emits 42 kg of CO₂ — less than 75% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
Grade 1-O's machinability is fair (42/100, better than 98% of titanium grades); weldability excellent (90/100); formability very good (82/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other Grade 1 tempers and conditions
Grade 1 is also supplied in 3 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the Grade 1 overview.
- ODefaultStandard stocked condition: maximum ductility for deep drawing, tube expanding and explosive cladding.220 MPa yield · 120 HB
- CWChoose when higher strength and springiness are needed from the softest CP grade and forming is minimal.360 MPa yield · 170 HB
- HRPick for thick bar, forgings and hot-rolled plate where a separate anneal is not specified; properties near annealed.250 MPa yield · 130 HB
Working with Grade 1-O
Is Grade 1 easy to machine?
Machine at low surface speed with high feed, sharp uncoated-carbide or PVD tools, rigid setup and flood coolant; never dwell in the cut and control fine chips (fire risk).
Can Grade 1 be welded?
Excellent GTAW/plasma/EB/resistance weldability with trailing and back-purge argon; keep weld area clean and straw-coloured, avoid any iron, oxygen or moisture pickup.
Can Grade 1 be formed, bent or molded?
Best cold formability of the CP grades — deep drawing, roll forming and tube expansion are routine; allow generous bend radii (≈2t) and expect springback, warm form at 200–300 °C for tight radii.
What surface finishes work on Grade 1?
Pickle in HNO3/HF to remove alpha case and embedded iron; colour anodizing per AMS 2488, and use plasma/oxide or lubricious coatings to combat galling since bare Ti seizes against itself.
Grade 1 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Nmax per ASTM B265 | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| C | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| Hmax; lower limits for tube/bar per product form | ≤ 0.02 | 0 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.2 | 0.08 |
| Omax; the key strength-controlling interstitial | ≤ 0.18 | 0.1 |
| Residuals (each)max 0.10 each, 0.40 total | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Ti | balance | — |
Grade 1-O — frequently asked
What is Grade 1-O used for?
Grade 1-O is typically used for marine pipework, chemical processing equipment, heat exchanger plates and tubing, deep-drawn vessel heads and covers, electroplating anode baskets and desalination plant components. In short: pure formable CP titanium.
What is the yield strength of Grade 1-O?
Grade 1-O has a typical yield strength of 220 MPa (31.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) — weaker than 97% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is Grade 1-O easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (42/100, better than 98% of titanium grades). Machine at low surface speed with high feed, sharp uncoated-carbide or PVD tools, rigid setup and flood coolant; never dwell in the cut and control fine chips (fire risk).
Can Grade 1-O be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (90/100). Excellent GTAW/plasma/EB/resistance weldability with trailing and back-purge argon; keep weld area clean and straw-coloured, avoid any iron, oxygen or moisture pickup.
What surface finishes work on Grade 1-O?
Pickle in HNO3/HF to remove alpha case and embedded iron; colour anodizing per AMS 2488, and use plasma/oxide or lubricious coatings to combat galling since bare Ti seizes against itself.
Can Grade 1-O be formed, bent or molded?
Best cold formability of the CP grades — deep drawing, roll forming and tube expansion are routine; allow generous bend radii (≈2t) and expect springback, warm form at 200–300 °C for tight radii.
What is the maximum service temperature of Grade 1-O?
Grade 1-O is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Grade 1-O and Grade 1-CW?
O is the default condition — standard stocked condition: maximum ductility for deep drawing, tube expanding and explosive cladding. CW: choose when higher strength and springiness are needed from the softest CP grade and forming is minimal. Yield strength is 220 MPa in O versus 360 MPa in CW.
Can FabDigit make parts in Grade 1-O?
Yes — Grade 1-O is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM B265 – Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate — ASTM International (2020)
- ASTM B348 – Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets — ASTM International (2021)
- AMS 4900 – Titanium Sheet, Strip and Plate, Commercially Pure — SAE International (2018)
- GB/T 3621 (TA1) — SAC (2022)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2: Properties and Selection — Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Commercially Pure Titanium Grades 1–4 data sheet — TIMET / VSMPO (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.