Steel DP590
DP590 is a cold-rolled dual-phase advanced high-strength steel with a soft ferrite matrix containing ~10–20 % islands of martensite, giving ~590 MPa minimum tensile strength with a low yield ratio, high initial work-hardening rate and good stretch formability.
Values for the CR condition
DP590 tempers and conditions
DP590 is supplied in 3 conditions, soft to hard. CR is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CRDefault Cold rolled | Default stock condition for stampings that will be phosphated and e-coated; best surface and tightest thickness tolerance. | 370 | 630 | 24 | 185 HB | — |
Hot rolled | For thicker gauges (~2–6 mm) such as chassis arms, wheel discs and suspension parts where cold-rolled thickness is unavailable. | 400 | 640 | 22 | 11 HRC | 8.2 % IACS |
Bake-hardened | Design condition for in-service dent and yield performance of a formed and painted DP590 panel. | 460 | 660 | 18 | 195 HB | 8.2 % IACS |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways DP590 is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
EG | Electrogalvanized zinc coated | Coating |
GA | Hot-dip galvannealed, zinc-iron alloy coating | Coating |
Galvanized | Hot-dip zinc coated | Coating |
What is DP590?
DP590 is a cold-rolled dual-phase advanced high-strength steel with a soft ferrite matrix containing ~10–20 % islands of martensite, giving ~590 MPa minimum tensile strength with a low yield ratio, high initial work-hardening rate and good stretch formability. It is the entry-level DP grade for automotive structural and reinforcement stampings (seat frames, cross-members, rails, wheel discs) where mild steel is too weak and higher DP grades are too stiff to form. Limits: yield strength drifts with strain aging/bake hardening, springback and die wear are higher than mild steel, and welding/HAZ softening plus edge-stretch (hole expansion) sensitivity must be managed. DP590 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,480°C (2,696 °F). DP590 has a yield strength of 370 MPa (53.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 630 MPa (91.4 ksi) — weaker than 70% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 24% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is DP590 used for?
- Automotive cross beams
- Crash structures
- Seat frames
- Body rails and reinforcements
- Wheel discs
- Suspension brackets
- Bumper reinforcement beams
Advantages
- Readily welded — 88/100, better than 87% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 68/100, better than 83% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 200°C (392 °F), worse than 93% of steel grades
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
DP590 properties
Typical room-temperature values for DP590-CR; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
DP590 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,480°C (2,696 °F).
Mechanical14
DP590 has a yield strength of 370 MPa (53.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 630 MPa (91.4 ksi) — weaker than 70% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 24% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
DP590 is rated for continuous service to 200°C (392 °F). It conducts heat at 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
DP590 conducts electricity at 8.2 % IACS, better than 61% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of DP590 takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2.3 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability7
DP590's machinability is fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades); weldability excellent (88/100); formability good (68/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. DP590 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with DP590
Is DP590 easy to machine?
Trim, pierce and laser/plasma cut readily, but use higher-grade tool steel or coated punches — cut-edge quality drives hole-expansion cracking more than tool life.
Can DP590 be welded?
Excellent resistance spot weldability with a wide current range thanks to low carbon equivalent; MIG/laser welds are sound but expect modest HAZ softening and avoid high heat input.
Can DP590 be formed, bent or molded?
Stretch/draw-form with 10–25 % higher press tonnage than mild steel, allow for greater springback (over-bend, stake beads) and keep sheared-edge stretching low.
Manufacturability
The process limits FabDigit applies to DP590. Every DP590 part is priced by an engineer; design inside these and the quote comes back without a redesign loop.
Sheet metal
| Formability | Better68 / 100 |
|---|---|
| Weldability | Excellent88 / 100 |
| Bendable | Yes |
DP590 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Ckept low for spot weldability | 0.06 – 0.14 | 0.09 |
| Mn | 0.9 – 2 | 1.5 |
| Si | 0.05 – 0.6 | 0.25 |
| Cr+Mohardenability, martensite formation on cooling | 0 – 1 | 0.25 |
| Aldeoxidation | 0.02 – 0.15 | 0.04 |
| Nb+Tigrain refinement (optional) | 0 – 0.15 | 0.03 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on DP590?
Zinc-coated variants go straight to phosphate + e-coat; uncoated CR must be oiled and painted promptly since bare DP590 has no inherent corrosion resistance.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Plating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
How much does DP590 cost?
DP590 is a standard-cost steel ($$), cheaper than about 61% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
DP590 — frequently asked
What is DP590 used for?
DP590 is typically used for automotive cross beams, crash structures, seat frames, body rails and reinforcements, wheel discs and suspension brackets. In short: dual-phase sheet steel.
What is the yield strength of DP590?
DP590 has a typical yield strength of 370 MPa (53.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 630 MPa (91.4 ksi) — weaker than 70% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is DP590 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades). Trim, pierce and laser/plasma cut readily, but use higher-grade tool steel or coated punches — cut-edge quality drives hole-expansion cracking more than tool life.
Can DP590 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (88/100). Excellent resistance spot weldability with a wide current range thanks to low carbon equivalent; MIG/laser welds are sound but expect modest HAZ softening and avoid high heat input.
What surface finishes work on DP590?
Zinc-coated variants go straight to phosphate + e-coat; uncoated CR must be oiled and painted promptly since bare DP590 has no inherent corrosion resistance.
Can DP590 be formed, bent or molded?
Stretch/draw-form with 10–25 % higher press tonnage than mild steel, allow for greater springback (over-bend, stake beads) and keep sheared-edge stretching low.
What is the maximum service temperature of DP590?
DP590 is rated for continuous use to about 200°C (392 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between DP590-CR and DP590-BH?
CR is the default condition — default stock condition for stampings that will be phosphated and e-coated; best surface and tightest thickness tolerance. BH: design condition for in-service dent and yield performance of a formed and painted DP590 panel. Yield strength is 370 MPa in CR versus 460 MPa in BH.
How much does DP590 cost?
DP590 is a standard-cost steel ($$), cheaper than about 61% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Can FabDigit make parts in DP590?
Yes — DP590 is available for sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- EN 10346 — Continuously hot-dip coated steel flat products (HCT590X, HDT580X) — CEN (2015)
- SAE J2745 / SAE J2340 — High-strength automotive sheet steel — SAE International (2019)
- Advanced High-Strength Steels Application Guidelines V7 — WorldAutoSteel (2021)
- Dual Phase DP 330/590 automotive steel datasheet — ArcelorMittal (2022)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.