Steel 590X-HR (Hot rolled)
Supply condition
ASTM J2340 590X
Choose for heavier gauges (≥1.8 mm) such as chassis rails, suspension arms and wheel discs where cost matters more than surface finish.
Values for the HR condition
Other 590X tempers and conditions
590X is listed in 2 conditions; see the grade overview at 590X.
- CR
- HR
Compare all 2 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CRDefault Cold rolled | Most commonly stocked form: thin-gauge (0.6–2.5 mm) cold-rolled sheet for painted inner structural panels and reinforcements. | 625 | 670 | 16 | 200 HB | 8.5 % IACS |
HRThis page Hot rolled | Choose for heavier gauges (≥1.8 mm) such as chassis rails, suspension arms and wheel discs where cost matters more than surface finish. | 630 | 680 | 19 | 205 HB | 8.5 % IACS |
What is 590X-HR?
590X-HR is 590X supplied in the HR condition — choose for heavier gauges (≥1.8 mm) such as chassis rails, suspension arms and wheel discs where cost matters more than surface finish. 590X-HR has a yield strength of 630 MPa (91.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 680 MPa (98.6 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 19% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi). 590X-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,500°C (2,732 °F). CR is the default condition FabDigit quotes; HR is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 630 MPa (91.4 ksi), better than 79% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 78/100, better than 78% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 40/100, worse than 96% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 78% of steel grades
590X-HR properties
Typical room-temperature values for 590X-HR; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 590X reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
590X-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,500°C (2,732 °F).
Mechanical16
590X-HR has a yield strength of 630 MPa (91.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 680 MPa (98.6 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 19% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
Thermal6
590X-HR is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 45 W/m·K (26 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 66% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
590X-HR conducts electricity at 8.5 % IACS, better than 63% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (11/100), worse than 73% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 590X-HR takes about 30 MJ of energy and emits 2.3 kg of CO₂ — more than 56% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability6
590X-HR's machinability is fair (47/100, worse than 58% of steel grades); weldability very good (78/100); formability good (58/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 590X-HR
Is 590X easy to machine?
Rarely machined as sheet; drilling/trimming needs sharp carbide and rigid clamping — expect higher blanking loads and faster die wear than mild steel.
Can 590X be welded?
Good resistance spot, MAG and laser weldability at low carbon equivalent; use slightly higher spot force/current than mild steel and avoid excessive heat input to protect the microalloyed HAZ.
Can 590X be formed, bent or molded?
Cold stampable but with n≈0.13–0.16 and marked springback — allow larger bend radii (≥2t), use over-bend/stake compensation and consider DP590 for deep-drawn shapes.
What surface finishes work on 590X?
No natural corrosion resistance: specify GA/GI/EG coating or phosphate + e-coat; zinc-coated variants take standard automotive paint systems well.
590X chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CType X max; low C for spot weldability | ≤ 0.15 | 0.09 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.6 |
| Si | ≤ 0.6 | 0.25 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| SType X ≤0.015; Type Y ≤0.010 | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Alkilled / grain refined | 0.02 – 0.1 | 0.04 |
| Nbmicroalloy; Nb+Ti+V total typically ≤0.22 | ≤ 0.1 | 0.04 |
| Timicroalloy | ≤ 0.15 | 0.03 |
| Vmicroalloy | ≤ 0.1 | 0.02 |
| N | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Fe | balance | — |
590X-HR — frequently asked
What is 590X-HR used for?
590X-HR is typically used for auto frame rails, crash-structure reinforcements and wheel discs. In short: 590 MPa yield HSLA sheet; weldable lightweighting grade; stronger than 340X.
What is the yield strength of 590X-HR?
590X-HR has a typical yield strength of 630 MPa (91.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 680 MPa (98.6 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 2 listed tempers.
Is 590X-HR easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (47/100, worse than 58% of steel grades). Rarely machined as sheet; drilling/trimming needs sharp carbide and rigid clamping — expect higher blanking loads and faster die wear than mild steel.
Can 590X-HR be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (78/100). Good resistance spot, MAG and laser weldability at low carbon equivalent; use slightly higher spot force/current than mild steel and avoid excessive heat input to protect the microalloyed HAZ.
What surface finishes work on 590X-HR?
No natural corrosion resistance: specify GA/GI/EG coating or phosphate + e-coat; zinc-coated variants take standard automotive paint systems well.
Can 590X-HR be formed, bent or molded?
Cold stampable but with n≈0.13–0.16 and marked springback — allow larger bend radii (≥2t), use over-bend/stake compensation and consider DP590 for deep-drawn shapes.
What is the maximum service temperature of 590X-HR?
590X-HR is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 590X-CR and 590X-HR?
CR is the default condition — most commonly stocked form: thin-gauge (0.6–2.5 mm) cold-rolled sheet for painted inner structural panels and reinforcements. HR: choose for heavier gauges (≥1.8 mm) such as chassis rails, suspension arms and wheel discs where cost matters more than surface finish. Yield strength is 625 MPa in CR versus 630 MPa in HR.
Sources
- SAE J2340 — Categorization and Properties of Dent Resistant, High Strength, and Ultra High Strength Automotive Sheet Steel — SAE International (2022)
- ASTM A1008/A1008M — Steel Sheet, Cold-Rolled, HSLAS — ASTM (2021)
- ASTM A1011/A1011M — Steel Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, HSLAS — ASTM (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys (HSLA steels) — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19 — Fatigue and Fracture — ASM International (1996)
- WorldAutoSteel AHSS Application Guidelines (HSLA 590) — WorldAutoSteel (2021)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.