Stainless Steel S44535-ANN (Annealed)
Heat-treated state · default condition
UNS S44535
Standard stocked condition for exhaust and heat-exchanger sheet forming and welding.
Values for the ANN condition
Other S44535 tempers and conditions
S44535 is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at S44535.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Welded tube, bright annealed after welding | Condenser/heat-exchanger and exhaust tubing where the weld seam is normalized by post-weld annealing. | 325 | 495 | 26 | 180 HB | 2.7 % IACS |
ANNDefaultThis page Annealed | Standard stocked condition for exhaust and heat-exchanger sheet forming and welding. | 330 | 500 | 27 | 180 HB | 2.7 % IACS |
Temper rolled / skin passed | Light cold rolling for improved flatness and reduced roping/stretcher strain in press parts. | 380 | 530 | 22 | 192 HB | 2.7 % IACS |
Cold worked, 1/4 hard strip | For spring-back clips, clamps and shims where higher yield is wanted and forming is mild. | 480 | 610 | 12 | 17 HRC | 2.7 % IACS |
Cold worked, 1/2 hard strip | Maximum practical cold-rolled strength for flat parts; bending must be across the rolling direction. | 590 | 700 | 7 | 25 HRC | 2.7 % IACS |
What is S44535-ANN?
S44535-ANN is S44535 heat treated to ANN — standard stocked condition for exhaust and heat-exchanger sheet forming and welding. S44535-ANN has a yield strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 57% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 27% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). S44535-ANN has a density of 7.67 g/cm³ (0.277 lb/in³), lighter than 95% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 52/100, better than 91% of stainless steel grades
- High service temperature — 950°C (1,742 °F), better than 86% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 2.7 % IACS, better than 78% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 21 W/m·K (12.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 76% of stainless steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 68/100, better than 75% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Low fracture toughness — 60 MPa·√m (54.6 ksi·√in), worse than 88% of stainless steel grades
S44535-ANN properties
Typical room-temperature values for S44535-ANN; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are S44535 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
S44535-ANN has a density of 7.67 g/cm³ (0.277 lb/in³), lighter than 95% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical16
S44535-ANN has a yield strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 57% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 27% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
S44535-ANN is rated for continuous service to 950°C (1,742 °F). It conducts heat at 21 W/m·K (12.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 76% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.4 µm/m·K (5.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
S44535-ANN conducts electricity at 2.7 % IACS, better than 78% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (63/100), better than 53% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of S44535-ANN takes about 50 MJ of energy and emits 4.3 kg of CO₂ — less than 80% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 75%.
Manufacturability7
S44535-ANN's machinability is fair (52/100, better than 91% of stainless steel grades); weldability good (65/100); formability good (68/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with S44535-ANN
Is S44535 easy to machine?
Machines like 430 but gummier: rigid setup, sharp positive-rake carbide, moderate speed with heavy flood coolant to avoid work-hardened smearing.
Can S44535 be welded?
Weldable by GTAW/plasma/laser with low heat input and Ar (no CO2/N2); use matching stabilized or 309L/Ni-base filler, keep interpass low and avoid post-weld sensitizing holds — HAZ grain coarsening lowers toughness.
Can S44535 be formed, bent or molded?
Good deep-drawing and roll-forming at RT thanks to Ti/Nb stabilization; watch ridging/roping, use generous bend radii on thicker gauges and form above ~10 °C.
What surface finishes work on S44535?
Pickle and passivate after hot work; takes bright annealed, brushed or electropolished finishes well — never anodize.
S44535 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Clow interstitial; stabilized | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Cr | 25 – 27.5 | 26 |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Monot intentionally added in most heats | ≤ 1 | — |
| N | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Ti+Nbstabilizer, typically ≥ 0.15 + 4×(C+N) | 0.2 – 0.8 | 0.4 |
| Fe | balance | — |
S44535-ANN — frequently asked
What is S44535-ANN used for?
S44535-ANN is typically used for exhaust systems, heat exchangers and hot water equipment. In short: 26Cr stabilized ferritic; 950 °C service capability; better chloride resistance than 439.
What is the yield strength of S44535-ANN?
S44535-ANN has a typical yield strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 57% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is S44535-ANN easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (52/100, better than 91% of stainless steel grades). Machines like 430 but gummier: rigid setup, sharp positive-rake carbide, moderate speed with heavy flood coolant to avoid work-hardened smearing.
Can S44535-ANN be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (65/100). Weldable by GTAW/plasma/laser with low heat input and Ar (no CO2/N2); use matching stabilized or 309L/Ni-base filler, keep interpass low and avoid post-weld sensitizing holds — HAZ grain coarsening lowers toughness.
What surface finishes work on S44535-ANN?
Pickle and passivate after hot work; takes bright annealed, brushed or electropolished finishes well — never anodize.
Can S44535-ANN be formed, bent or molded?
Good deep-drawing and roll-forming at RT thanks to Ti/Nb stabilization; watch ridging/roping, use generous bend radii on thicker gauges and form above ~10 °C.
What is the maximum service temperature of S44535-ANN?
S44535-ANN is rated for continuous use to about 950°C (1,742 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between S44535-ANN and S44535-TR?
ANN is the default condition — standard stocked condition for exhaust and heat-exchanger sheet forming and welding. TR: light cold rolling for improved flatness and reduced roping/stretcher strain in press parts. Yield strength is 330 MPa in ANN versus 380 MPa in TR.
Sources
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM International (2023)
- SAE J405 — Chemical Compositions of SAE Wrought Stainless Steels — SAE International (2013)
- ASTM A959 — Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels — ASTM International (2022)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- High-chromium stabilized ferritic stainless sheet data (exhaust/heat-exchanger grades) — Outokumpu / JFE / Nippon Steel (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.