Stainless Steel 436 · temper · default condition
Stainless Steel 436 Annealed
Properties of the Annealed condition, compared with the other 436 tempers.
Default stocked condition for deep-drawn trim, panels and formed parts needing maximum ductility.
What is 436 Annealed?
436 Annealed is 436 in the Annealed temper — default stocked condition for deep-drawn trim, panels and formed parts needing maximum ductility. 436 Annealed has a yield strength of 365 MPa (52.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 530 MPa (76.9 ksi) — stronger than 50% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). 436 Annealed has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 58/100, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 72/100, better than 83% of stainless steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 3.6 kg CO₂/kg, better than 83% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 23.9 W/m·K (13.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of stainless steel grades
- High service temperature — 815°C (1,499 °F), better than 77% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 48/100, worse than 81% of stainless steel grades
436 Annealed properties
Typical room-temperature values for 436 Annealed — 10 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every 436 temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the stainless steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
436 Annealed has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical14
436 Annealed has a yield strength of 365 MPa (52.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 530 MPa (76.9 ksi) — stronger than 50% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal5
436 Annealed is rated for continuous service to 815°C (1,499 °F). It conducts heat at 23.9 W/m·K (13.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.4 µm/m·K (5.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical2
436 Annealed has an electrical resistivity of 6×10⁻⁷ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is fair (48/100), worse than 81% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 436 Annealed takes about 48 MJ of energy and emits 3.6 kg of CO₂ — less than 85% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 60%.
Manufacturability7
436 Annealed's machinability is good (58/100, better than 97% of stainless steel grades); weldability good (65/100); formability very good (72/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other 436 tempers and conditions
436 is also supplied in 3 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the 436 overview.
- AnnealedDefaultDefault stocked condition for deep-drawn trim, panels and formed parts needing maximum ductility.365 MPa yield · 175 HB
Working with 436 Annealed
Is 436 easy to machine?
Machines like 430/434 — gummy, work-hardens lightly; use sharp positive-rake carbide, rigid setup, generous coolant and ~55% of 1212 speeds.
Can 436 be welded?
Nb stabilisation limits sensitisation, so GTAW/GMAW/resistance welding of thin gauge is practical; keep heat input low to avoid HAZ grain coarsening and use 430Nb/309L filler when strength/ductility is critical.
Can 436 be formed, bent or molded?
Very good deep-drawability with low ridging/roping thanks to Nb; springback higher and stretch-formability lower than austenitic 304, so allow larger bend radii.
What surface finishes work on 436?
Takes a bright polish for automotive trim (BA finish common); passivate or electropolish after machining/welding, never anodise.
436 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.12 | 0.05 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.03 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Cr | 16 – 18 | 17 |
| Mo | 0.75 – 1.25 | 1 |
| Nb+Tastabilising addition, typically ≥5×C | ≤ 0.75 | 0.45 |
| Niresidual, where specified | ≤ 0.75 | 0.3 |
| Fe | balance | — |
436 Annealed — frequently asked
What is 436 Annealed used for?
436 Annealed is typically used for automotive exhaust systems and mufflers, bright trim mouldings, appliance panels and drums, heat exchanger and hot-water components, deep-drawn cookware and catering parts and roofing and architectural sheet. In short: bright-trim ferritic stainless.
What is the yield strength of 436 Annealed?
436 Annealed has a typical yield strength of 365 MPa (52.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 530 MPa (76.9 ksi) — stronger than 50% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is 436 Annealed easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (58/100, better than 97% of stainless steel grades). Machines like 430/434 — gummy, work-hardens lightly; use sharp positive-rake carbide, rigid setup, generous coolant and ~55% of 1212 speeds.
Can 436 Annealed be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (65/100). Nb stabilisation limits sensitisation, so GTAW/GMAW/resistance welding of thin gauge is practical; keep heat input low to avoid HAZ grain coarsening and use 430Nb/309L filler when strength/ductility is critical.
What surface finishes work on 436 Annealed?
Takes a bright polish for automotive trim (BA finish common); passivate or electropolish after machining/welding, never anodise.
Can 436 Annealed be formed, bent or molded?
Very good deep-drawability with low ridging/roping thanks to Nb; springback higher and stretch-formability lower than austenitic 304, so allow larger bend radii.
What is the maximum service temperature of 436 Annealed?
436 Annealed is rated for continuous use to about 815°C (1,499 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 436 Annealed?
Yes — 436 Annealed is available for sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A176 — Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM International (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1: Properties and Selection — Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.16: Machining — ASM International (1989)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.