Titanium Grade 2-AW (As-welded deposit)
Heat-treated state
ASTM Grade 2 · UNS R50400 · EN 3.7035 · GB TA2 · AMS 4901, 4902
Property set for weld joints and ERTi-2 filler deposits: strength close to base metal, slightly reduced ductility from coarse weld structure.
Values for the AW condition
Other Grade 2 tempers and conditions
Grade 2 is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at Grade 2.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AWThis page As-welded deposit | Property set for weld joints and ERTi-2 filler deposits: strength close to base metal, slightly reduced ductility from coarse weld structure. | 370 | 450 | 18 | 9 HRC | 3.1 % IACS |
ODefault Annealed | Default stocked condition: best ductility and formability for chemical-plant, heat-exchanger and medical parts. | 380 | 440 | 28 | 150 HB | — |
Grade 2H | Dual-certified Gr 2/2H material selected for ASME pressure vessels to gain higher allowable stresses without changing chemistry. | 390 | 470 | 25 | 160 HB | 3.1 % IACS |
Stress relieved | Pick for dimensionally stable tube, bar and machined parts that need higher yield than annealed while keeping useful ductility. | 450 | 520 | 20 | 10 HRC | 3 % IACS |
Cold worked | Highest strength CP-Ti condition for fasteners, springs, wire and small-diameter drawn tube; ductility and formability are reduced. | 550 | 620 | 14 | 17 HRC | 3 % IACS |
What is Grade 2-AW?
Grade 2-AW is Grade 2 heat treated to AW — property set for weld joints and ERTi-2 filler deposits: strength close to base metal, slightly reduced ductility from coarse weld structure. Grade 2-AW has a yield strength of 370 MPa (53.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) — weaker than 76% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi). Grade 2-AW has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,665°C (3,029 °F). O is the default condition FabDigit quotes; AW is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 40/100, better than 93% of titanium grades
- Readily welded — 90/100, better than 93% of titanium grades
- High electrical conductivity — 3.1 % IACS, better than 75% of titanium grades
Limitations
- Low fracture toughness — 58 MPa·√m (52.8 ksi·√in), worse than 87% of titanium grades
- Low strength — 370 MPa (53.7 ksi), worse than 76% of titanium grades
Grade 2-AW properties
Typical room-temperature values for Grade 2-AW; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are Grade 2 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among titanium grades.
Physical3
Grade 2-AW has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,665°C (3,029 °F).
Mechanical16
Grade 2-AW has a yield strength of 370 MPa (53.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) — weaker than 76% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
Thermal6
Grade 2-AW is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 16.4 W/m·K (9.48 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 71% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 8.6 µm/m·K (4.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Grade 2-AW conducts electricity at 3.1 % IACS, better than 75% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (90/100), worse than 63% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Grade 2-AW takes about 650 MJ of energy and emits 38 kg of CO₂ — less than 75% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
Grade 2-AW's machinability is fair (40/100, better than 93% of titanium grades); weldability excellent (90/100); formability fair (50/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with Grade 2-AW
Is Grade 2 easy to machine?
Use rigid setups, sharp uncoated-carbide or polished-flute tools, low surface speed (30–60 m/min) with heavy chlorine-free flood coolant; never dwell or rub, and keep chips away from ignition sources.
Can Grade 2 be welded?
Readily GTAW/plasma/EB welded with ERTi-2 filler under high-purity argon with trailing shield and back purge — weld must stay silver; any blue/grey/white tint means oxygen pickup and embrittlement.
Can Grade 2 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form with generous bend radii (≈2.5–3 t) and allow for high springback; warm forming at 200–400 °C greatly improves formability, and lubricants must be chloride-free.
What surface finishes work on Grade 2?
Pickle/descale in HNO3-HF after hot work, then bead-blast, electropolish or colour anodize (AMS 2488) for wear and medical colour coding; avoid galling by anodizing or coating mating threads.
Grade 2 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| N | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| C | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| H0.0125 max for plate in some product forms | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Omain strengthening interstitial | ≤ 0.25 | 0.15 |
| Residuals (each)total residuals 0.40 max | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Ti≈99.2 % nominal | balance | — |
Grade 2-AW — frequently asked
What is Grade 2-AW used for?
Grade 2-AW is typically used for marine hardware and seawater fittings, heat exchanger tube and tubesheets, chemical process piping and vessel liners, aircraft fuselage skins and brackets, desalination plant components and anodes and electroplating racks. In short: workhorse CP titanium.
What is the yield strength of Grade 2-AW?
Grade 2-AW has a typical yield strength of 370 MPa (53.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) — weaker than 76% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is Grade 2-AW easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (40/100, better than 93% of titanium grades). Use rigid setups, sharp uncoated-carbide or polished-flute tools, low surface speed (30–60 m/min) with heavy chlorine-free flood coolant; never dwell or rub, and keep chips away from ignition sources.
Can Grade 2-AW be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (90/100). Readily GTAW/plasma/EB welded with ERTi-2 filler under high-purity argon with trailing shield and back purge — weld must stay silver; any blue/grey/white tint means oxygen pickup and embrittlement.
What surface finishes work on Grade 2-AW?
Pickle/descale in HNO3-HF after hot work, then bead-blast, electropolish or colour anodize (AMS 2488) for wear and medical colour coding; avoid galling by anodizing or coating mating threads.
Can Grade 2-AW be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form with generous bend radii (≈2.5–3 t) and allow for high springback; warm forming at 200–400 °C greatly improves formability, and lubricants must be chloride-free.
What is the maximum service temperature of Grade 2-AW?
Grade 2-AW is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Grade 2-O and Grade 2-CW?
O is the default condition — default stocked condition: best ductility and formability for chemical-plant, heat-exchanger and medical parts. CW: highest strength CP-Ti condition for fasteners, springs, wire and small-diameter drawn tube; ductility and formability are reduced. Yield strength is 380 MPa in O versus 550 MPa in CW.
Can FabDigit make parts in Grade 2-AW?
Yes — Grade 2-AW is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM B265 — Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate — ASTM (2020)
- ASTM B348 / B338 / B381 — Ti bar, tube and forgings — ASTM (2021)
- AMS 4902 / AMS 4941 — CP titanium sheet and tubing — SAE International (2018)
- GB/T 3621 (TA2) — SAC (2022)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties of Nonferrous Alloys (Titanium) — ASM International (1990)
- Materials Properties Handbook: Titanium Alloys — ASM International (1994)
- Commercially Pure Titanium Grade 2 datasheet — TIMET / ATI (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.