Steel SPFH590 590Y
Grade
590Y = sPFH590Y
Choose when deep-drawing or stretch forming dominates: lower yield point, high work hardening (n≈0.16–0.20) and higher total elongation at the same 590 MPa tensile class.
Values for the 590Y condition
Other SPFH590 tempers and conditions
SPFH590 is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at SPFH590.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
590YThis page SPFH590Y | Choose when deep-drawing or stretch forming dominates: lower yield point, high work hardening (n≈0.16–0.20) and higher total elongation at the same 590 MPa tensile class. | 380 | 640 | 29 | 188 HB | 8.5 % IACS |
HR-PODefault Hot rolled, pickled and oiled | Standard stocked condition for stamped automotive structural parts: clean, scale-free surface ready for forming, welding and e-coat. | 470 | 640 | 25 | 190 HB | — |
as hot rolled, mill scale (black) surface | Cheapest supply route for parts that are shot-blasted or machined after forming; scale hurts die life, paint adhesion and spot-weld consistency. | 475 | 645 | 24 | 192 HB | 8.5 % IACS |
Skin-passed / temper-rolled coil | Light temper pass to flatten the strip, improve shape and suppress yield-point elongation (stretcher strain) on visible stampings. | 490 | 650 | 24 | 195 HB | 8.5 % IACS |
What is SPFH590 590Y?
SPFH590 590Y is SPFH590 in the 590Y grade — choose when deep-drawing or stretch forming dominates: lower yield point, high work hardening (n≈0.16–0.20) and higher total elongation at the same 590 MPa tensile class. SPFH590 590Y has a yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 640 MPa (92.8 ksi) — weaker than 68% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 29% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi). SPFH590 590Y has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,490°C (2,714 °F). HR-PO is the default condition FabDigit quotes; 590Y is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 29%, better than 91% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 65/100, better than 81% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 76/100, better than 77% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 78% of steel grades
SPFH590 590Y properties
Typical room-temperature values for SPFH590 590Y; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are SPFH590 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
SPFH590 590Y has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,490°C (2,714 °F).
Mechanical14
SPFH590 590Y has a yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 640 MPa (92.8 ksi) — weaker than 68% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 29% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
Thermal6
SPFH590 590Y is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 46 W/m·K (26.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 71% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
SPFH590 590Y conducts electricity at 8.5 % IACS, better than 63% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of SPFH590 590Y takes about 28 MJ of energy and emits 2.2 kg of CO₂ — less than 56% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 20%.
Manufacturability6
SPFH590 590Y's machinability is fair (49/100, worse than 56% of steel grades); weldability very good (76/100); formability good (65/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with SPFH590 590Y
Is SPFH590 easy to machine?
Rarely machined as a grade; drilling and trimming behave like a 190 HB medium-carbon steel — use coated carbide, rigid clamping, and expect faster punch wear than mild steel.
Can SPFH590 be welded?
Good resistance spot welding with AHSS schedules (higher force, shorter/pulsed current); MAG/laser welding fine, but HAZ softening in the martensitic phase can move failure out of the weld.
Can SPFH590 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold stampable but plan for 15–25 % springback vs mild steel, larger bend radii (≥1.5–2 t) and sheared-edge conditioning to protect hole-expansion performance; the 590Y variant is preferred for deep draws.
What surface finishes work on SPFH590?
Pickle or blast off scale, then phosphate + e-coat/paint or zinc-rich primer; bare surfaces rust quickly and the grade takes no anodizing.
SPFH590 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Ctypical mill practice; JIS G 3134 leaves C to producer within weldability limits | ≤ 0.13 | 0.08 |
| Siferrite strengthening / retained-austenite control | 0.05 – 1 | 0.4 |
| Mnhardenability for the bainite/martensite second phase | 0.8 – 2 | 1.5 |
| PJIS G 3134 limit | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| SJIS G 3134 limit; kept low for hole expansion | ≤ 0.04 | 0.01 |
| Alkilled steel | 0.02 – 0.07 | 0.04 |
| Croptional hardenability addition | ≤ 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Mooptional, some DP practices | ≤ 0.3 | 0.05 |
| Ti+Nboptional microalloying for grain refinement / hole expansion | ≤ 0.1 | 0.03 |
| Fe | balance | — |
SPFH590 590Y — frequently asked
What is SPFH590 590Y used for?
SPFH590 590Y is typically used for chassis parts, wheels and structural brackets. In short: entry-level hot-rolled AHSS; most formable grade here; chassis stamping workhorse.
What is the yield strength of SPFH590 590Y?
SPFH590 590Y has a typical yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 640 MPa (92.8 ksi) — weaker than 68% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is SPFH590 590Y easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (49/100, worse than 56% of steel grades). Rarely machined as a grade; drilling and trimming behave like a 190 HB medium-carbon steel — use coated carbide, rigid clamping, and expect faster punch wear than mild steel.
Can SPFH590 590Y be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (76/100). Good resistance spot welding with AHSS schedules (higher force, shorter/pulsed current); MAG/laser welding fine, but HAZ softening in the martensitic phase can move failure out of the weld.
What surface finishes work on SPFH590 590Y?
Pickle or blast off scale, then phosphate + e-coat/paint or zinc-rich primer; bare surfaces rust quickly and the grade takes no anodizing.
Can SPFH590 590Y be formed, bent or molded?
Cold stampable but plan for 15–25 % springback vs mild steel, larger bend radii (≥1.5–2 t) and sheared-edge conditioning to protect hole-expansion performance; the 590Y variant is preferred for deep draws.
What is the maximum service temperature of SPFH590 590Y?
SPFH590 590Y is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between SPFH590 HR-PO and SPFH590 590Y?
HR-PO is the default condition — standard stocked condition for stamped automotive structural parts: clean, scale-free surface ready for forming, welding and e-coat. 590Y: choose when deep-drawing or stretch forming dominates: lower yield point, high work hardening (n≈0.16–0.20) and higher total elongation at the same 590 MPa tensile class. Yield strength is 470 MPa in HR-PO versus 380 MPa in 590Y.
Sources
- JIS G 3134 — Hot-rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile structural uses — JSA (2018)
- Hot-rolled high-strength steel sheet for automotive use (590 MPa class) — Nippon Steel / JFE Steel (2022)
- Advanced High-Strength Steels Application Guidelines v7 — WorldAutoSteel (2021)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- GB/T 20564 / JAC590Y comparable dual-phase sheet specifications — SAC (2017)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.