Titanium Ti Grade 4 CWSR
Heat-treated state
UNS R50700 · EN 3.7095 · JIS Class 4 · GB TA4
CWSR = cold Worked + Stress Relieved
Cold work retained for strength but residual stress removed (typically 480–540 °C); standard for high-strength CP-Ti fasteners and medical bone screws.
Values for the CWSR condition
Other Ti Grade 4 tempers and conditions
Ti Grade 4 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at Ti Grade 4.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hot Rolled + Annealed | Plate over ~6 mm and forging stock; slightly coarser grain so strength sits nearer the specification minimum, ductility a little higher. | 500 | 600 | 22 | 22 HRC | 3.1 % IACS |
AnnealedDefault mill annealed (sheet, plate, bar, tube) | Default stocked condition: best balance of strength, ductility and corrosion behaviour; meets ASTM B265/B348/F67 Grade 4 minimums. | 520 | 620 | 20 | 24 HRC | — |
Cold Rolled + Annealed | Pick for thin gauge (<4 mm) sheet and strip where surface finish and thickness tolerance matter; properties essentially the annealed values with slightly finer grain. | 540 | 640 | 18 | 25 HRC | 3.1 % IACS |
Stress relieved | Use after heavy forming, straightening or machining to remove residual stress and reduce distortion/SCC risk without losing much strength. | 545 | 640 | 18 | 25 HRC | 3.1 % IACS |
CWSRThis page Cold Worked + Stress Relieved | Cold work retained for strength but residual stress removed (typically 480–540 °C); standard for high-strength CP-Ti fasteners and medical bone screws. | 680 | 780 | 13 | 30 HRC | 3 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Highest strength condition for small-diameter bar, wire and fasteners; choose when strength and straightness beat ductility. | 760 | 860 | 10 | 32 HRC | — |
What is Ti Grade 4 CWSR?
Ti Grade 4 CWSR is Ti Grade 4 heat treated to CWSR — cold work retained for strength but residual stress removed (typically 480–540 °C); standard for high-strength CP-Ti fasteners and medical bone screws. Ti Grade 4 CWSR has a yield strength of 680 MPa (98.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 780 MPa (113 ksi) — stronger than 52% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 13% and the elastic modulus is 105 GPa (15.2 Msi). Ti Grade 4 CWSR has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,660°C (3,020 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; CWSR is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Conducts heat well — 17 W/m·K (9.82 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 84% of titanium grades
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 250°C (482 °F), worse than 99% of titanium grades
- Low fracture toughness — 58 MPa·√m (52.8 ksi·√in), worse than 87% of titanium grades
Ti Grade 4 CWSR properties
Typical room-temperature values for Ti Grade 4 CWSR; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are Ti Grade 4 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among titanium grades.
Physical3
Ti Grade 4 CWSR has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,660°C (3,020 °F).
Mechanical16
Ti Grade 4 CWSR has a yield strength of 680 MPa (98.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 780 MPa (113 ksi) — stronger than 52% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 13% and the elastic modulus is 105 GPa (15.2 Msi).
Thermal6
Ti Grade 4 CWSR is rated for continuous service to 250°C (482 °F). It conducts heat at 17 W/m·K (9.82 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 84% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 8.6 µm/m·K (4.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Ti Grade 4 CWSR conducts electricity at 3 % IACS, better than 60% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (92/100), better than 53% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Ti Grade 4 CWSR takes about 650 MJ of energy and emits 45 kg of CO₂ — less than 75% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability8
Ti Grade 4 CWSR's machinability is poor (28/100, better than 59% of titanium grades); weldability very good (75/100); formability poor (25/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with Ti Grade 4 CWSR
Is Ti Grade 4 easy to machine?
Low surface speed (~20–35 m/min carbide), heavy positive rake, sharp tools, large depth of cut and flood coolant; never dwell — titanium work-hardens, galls and chips can ignite as fine swarf.
Can Ti Grade 4 be welded?
Very good by GTAW/plasma/EB/laser with full argon shielding including trailing shield and back purge; keep surfaces oxide-free and weld metal bright silver, no filler or ERTi-4 filler.
Can Ti Grade 4 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold formability is the poorest of the CP grades — use generous bend radii (≈3–4t), slow rams and expect strong springback; warm forming at 200–400 °C greatly improves results.
What surface finishes work on Ti Grade 4?
Pickle in HNO₃/HF to remove alpha case and heat tint before service; takes Type II colour anodize, hard anodize, electropolish and bead blast well; avoid plating that could cause hydrogen pickup.
Ti Grade 4 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Nmax per ASTM B265 Gr.4 | ≤ 0.05 | 0.02 |
| C | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| H0.0125 % max for some product forms | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Oprincipal strengthening interstitial | ≤ 0.4 | 0.34 |
| Residuals (each)total residuals 0.4 % max | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Ti | balance | — |
Ti Grade 4 CWSR — frequently asked
What is Ti Grade 4 CWSR used for?
Ti Grade 4 CWSR is typically used for airframe fittings, surgical instruments, cryogenic and pressure components and fasteners. In short: strongest CP titanium grade; implant-qualified to F67; least formable CP grade.
What is the yield strength of Ti Grade 4 CWSR?
Ti Grade 4 CWSR has a typical yield strength of 680 MPa (98.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 780 MPa (113 ksi) — stronger than 52% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is Ti Grade 4 CWSR easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (28/100, better than 59% of titanium grades). Low surface speed (~20–35 m/min carbide), heavy positive rake, sharp tools, large depth of cut and flood coolant; never dwell — titanium work-hardens, galls and chips can ignite as fine swarf.
Can Ti Grade 4 CWSR be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (75/100). Very good by GTAW/plasma/EB/laser with full argon shielding including trailing shield and back purge; keep surfaces oxide-free and weld metal bright silver, no filler or ERTi-4 filler.
What surface finishes work on Ti Grade 4 CWSR?
Pickle in HNO₃/HF to remove alpha case and heat tint before service; takes Type II colour anodize, hard anodize, electropolish and bead blast well; avoid plating that could cause hydrogen pickup.
Can Ti Grade 4 CWSR be formed, bent or molded?
Cold formability is the poorest of the CP grades — use generous bend radii (≈3–4t), slow rams and expect strong springback; warm forming at 200–400 °C greatly improves results.
What is the maximum service temperature of Ti Grade 4 CWSR?
Ti Grade 4 CWSR is rated for continuous use to about 250°C (482 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Ti Grade 4 Annealed and Ti Grade 4-CD?
Annealed is the default condition — default stocked condition: best balance of strength, ductility and corrosion behaviour; meets ASTM B265/B348/F67 Grade 4 minimums. CD: highest strength condition for small-diameter bar, wire and fasteners; choose when strength and straightness beat ductility. Yield strength is 520 MPa in Annealed versus 760 MPa in CD.
Sources
- ASTM B265 — Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet and Plate — ASTM International (2020)
- ASTM B348 — Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets — ASTM International (2021)
- ASTM F67 — Unalloyed Titanium for Surgical Implant Applications — ASTM International (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol.2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Materials Properties Handbook: Titanium Alloys — ASM International (1994)
- Commercially Pure Titanium Grade 4 datasheet — TIMET / Sandvik (2021)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.