Titanium C-1-F (As fabricated)
Temper · default condition
ASTM B367 Grade C-1
Standard stocked/supplied condition for chemical-process and marine castings; meets B367 C-1 minima without HIP.
Values for the F condition
Other C-1 tempers and conditions
C-1 is listed in 3 conditions; see the grade overview at C-1.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Use when machining distortion or residual stress from casting/weld repair must be removed; slightly lower strength, maximum ductility. | 200 | 290 | 24 | 115 HB | 3.6 % IACS |
FDefaultThis page As fabricated | Standard stocked/supplied condition for chemical-process and marine castings; meets B367 C-1 minima without HIP. | 210 | 300 | 20 | 120 HB | 3.6 % IACS |
Hot isostatic pressed | Pick when internal porosity must be closed for fatigue-loaded, pressure-boundary or medical castings; same tensile minima, better ductility and fatigue scatter. | 215 | 310 | 25 | 120 HB | 3.6 % IACS |
What is C-1-F?
C-1-F is C-1 in the F temper — standard stocked/supplied condition for chemical-process and marine castings; meets B367 C-1 minima without HIP. C-1-F has a yield strength of 210 MPa (30.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) — weaker than 99% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi). C-1-F has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,660°C (3,020 °F).
Advantages
- High electrical conductivity — 3.6 % IACS, better than 98% of titanium grades
- Easy to machine — 42/100, better than 98% of titanium grades
- Conducts heat well — 17 W/m·K (9.82 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 84% of titanium grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 210 MPa (30.5 ksi), worse than 99% of titanium grades
C-1-F properties
Typical room-temperature values for C-1-F; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are C-1 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among titanium grades.
Physical3
C-1-F has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,660°C (3,020 °F).
Mechanical16
C-1-F has a yield strength of 210 MPa (30.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) — weaker than 99% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
Thermal6
C-1-F is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 17 W/m·K (9.82 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 84% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 8.6 µm/m·K (4.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
C-1-F conducts electricity at 3.6 % IACS, better than 98% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (93/100), better than 72% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C-1-F takes about 640 MJ of energy and emits 40 kg of CO₂ — less than 93% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability8
C-1-F's machinability is fair (42/100, better than 98% of titanium grades); weldability excellent (88/100); formability good (60/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with C-1-F
Is C-1 easy to machine?
Low speed, high feed, rigid setup, flood coolant and sharp carbide/uncoated tools; CP Ti is gummy and work-hardens, avoid dwelling and never rub — fine chips are a fire hazard.
Can C-1 be welded?
Excellent GTAW/EBW/plasma weldability with matching or no filler, but requires full argon/vacuum shielding of weld, root and cooling zone to <500 °C to avoid embrittlement; weld repair of castings is standard and covered by B367.
Can C-1 be formed, bent or molded?
Produced by vacuum-arc melting plus rammed-graphite or ceramic-shell investment casting; expect an alpha-case layer that must be chemically milled or machined off, and allow generous fillets/feeders because of low fluidity.
What surface finishes work on C-1?
Grit blast + pickle (HNO3/HF) to remove alpha case, then optional passivation, colour anodizing for identification, or plasma/grit-blast texturing for medical parts; do not use chloride-rich markers or lead-bearing pastes before heating.
C-1 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Nmax per ASTM B367 Grade C-1 | ≤ 0.05 | 0.02 |
| C | ≤ 0.1 | 0.03 |
| H | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.2 | 0.08 |
| Omax; controls strength level of C-1 | ≤ 0.18 | 0.12 |
| residuals eachother elements, each | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| residuals totalother elements, total | ≤ 0.4 | — |
| Ti | balance | — |
C-1-F — frequently asked
What is C-1-F used for?
C-1-F is typically used for chemical process valve bodies, corrosion-resistant pump housings, marine hardware castings and architectural fittings. In short: most ductile cast titanium; cast CP Grade 1 equivalent; corrosion-first casting grade.
What is the yield strength of C-1-F?
C-1-F has a typical yield strength of 210 MPa (30.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) — weaker than 99% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is C-1-F easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (42/100, better than 98% of titanium grades). Low speed, high feed, rigid setup, flood coolant and sharp carbide/uncoated tools; CP Ti is gummy and work-hardens, avoid dwelling and never rub — fine chips are a fire hazard.
Can C-1-F be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (88/100). Excellent GTAW/EBW/plasma weldability with matching or no filler, but requires full argon/vacuum shielding of weld, root and cooling zone to <500 °C to avoid embrittlement; weld repair of castings is standard and covered by B367.
What surface finishes work on C-1-F?
Grit blast + pickle (HNO3/HF) to remove alpha case, then optional passivation, colour anodizing for identification, or plasma/grit-blast texturing for medical parts; do not use chloride-rich markers or lead-bearing pastes before heating.
Can C-1-F be formed, bent or molded?
Produced by vacuum-arc melting plus rammed-graphite or ceramic-shell investment casting; expect an alpha-case layer that must be chemically milled or machined off, and allow generous fillets/feeders because of low fluidity.
What is the maximum service temperature of C-1-F?
C-1-F is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between C-1-F and C-1-ANN?
F is the default condition — standard stocked/supplied condition for chemical-process and marine castings; meets B367 C-1 minima without HIP. ANN: use when machining distortion or residual stress from casting/weld repair must be removed; slightly lower strength, maximum ductility. Yield strength is 210 MPa in F versus 200 MPa in ANN.
Sources
- ASTM B367 — Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Castings — ASTM International (2022)
- ASTM B265 / ASTM B348 — CP Titanium Grade 1 wrought product (property comparison) — ASTM International (2020)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials (Titanium) — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 19 — Fatigue and Fracture (titanium castings) — ASM International (1996)
- Materials Properties Handbook: Titanium Alloys — ASM International (1994)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.