Steel GE270 +N (Normalized)
Heat-treated state · default condition
EN 1.0454
Standard stocked condition: refined grain, uniform properties through the section and reliable Rp0.2 ≥ 270 MPa.
Values for the +N condition
Other GE270 tempers and conditions
GE270 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at GE270.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Softest and most machinable condition; use when maximum machinability and lowest hardness are wanted and strength is secondary. | 255 | 480 | 23 | 140 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
As fabricated | Cheapest condition for lightly loaded, non-critical castings where residual stresses and coarse as-cast structure are tolerable. | 270 | 490 | 16 | 150 HB | 10 % IACS |
Stress relieved | Choose when dimensional stability after welding or heavy machining matters but full normalizing is not required. | 275 | 495 | 18 | 148 HB | 10 % IACS |
+NDefaultThis page Normalized | Standard stocked condition: refined grain, uniform properties through the section and reliable Rp0.2 ≥ 270 MPa. | 295 | 520 | 20 | 155 HB | — |
Normalized and tempered | Pick when normalized strength plus improved toughness and lower residual stress are needed, e.g. welded structural castings. | 305 | 525 | 22 | 158 HB | 10 % IACS |
Quenched and tempered | Highest strength and impact energy for thinner-walled, more highly loaded castings; hardenability is limited by the low carbon/alloy content. | 400 | 610 | 19 | 190 HB | — |
What is GE270 +N?
GE270 +N is GE270 heat treated to +N — standard stocked condition: refined grain, uniform properties through the section and reliable Rp0.2 ≥ 270 MPa. GE270 +N has a yield strength of 295 MPa (42.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) — weaker than 87% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi). GE270 +N has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 1.9 kg CO₂/kg, better than 92% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 10 % IACS, better than 83% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 78/100, better than 78% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 295 MPa (42.8 ksi), worse than 87% of steel grades
- Limited formability — 15/100, worse than 87% of steel grades
GE270 +N properties
Typical room-temperature values for GE270 +N; 12 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are GE270 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
GE270 +N has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical16
GE270 +N has a yield strength of 295 MPa (42.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) — weaker than 87% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
GE270 +N is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.3 µm/m·K (6.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
GE270 +N conducts electricity at 10 % IACS, better than 83% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (10/100), worse than 86% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of GE270 +N takes about 24 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 97% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 85%.
Manufacturability8
GE270 +N's machinability is good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades); weldability very good (78/100); formability poor (15/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with GE270 +N
Is GE270 easy to machine?
Machines like normalized 1020–1030 wrought steel at ~65 % of AISI 1212; remove the sand/scale skin first with a rigid setup and coated carbide, and expect gummy chips in the annealed condition.
Can GE270 be welded?
Readily weldable by SMAW/GMAW/SAW with E70xx-class low-hydrogen consumables; preheat 100–150 °C for sections over ~30 mm and post-weld stress relieve or re-normalize repaired areas.
Can GE270 be formed, bent or molded?
Green-sand, resin-sand or investment casting with generous risering — steel's high shrinkage (~2 %) demands directional solidification and adequate fillets to avoid hot tears.
What surface finishes work on GE270?
Not anodizable; shot-blast then prime/paint, phosphate, zinc-plate or hot-dip galvanize for corrosion protection, and machine bearing surfaces where a fine finish is needed.
GE270 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Ckept low for weldability; CE typically ≤0.45 | ≤ 0.25 | 0.22 |
| Si | 0.2 – 0.6 | 0.4 |
| Mnmain strengthening addition vs GE240 | 0.5 – 1.2 | 0.95 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Crresidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.4 | 0.15 |
| Moresidual | ≤ 0.15 | 0.04 |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Vresidual | ≤ 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Fe | balance | — |
GE270 +N — frequently asked
What is GE270 +N used for?
GE270 +N is typically used for structural machine castings, housings and frames. In short: mid-range strength cast steel; stronger than GE240; weldable structural castings.
What is the yield strength of GE270 +N?
GE270 +N has a typical yield strength of 295 MPa (42.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) — weaker than 87% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is GE270 +N easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades). Machines like normalized 1020–1030 wrought steel at ~65 % of AISI 1212; remove the sand/scale skin first with a rigid setup and coated carbide, and expect gummy chips in the annealed condition.
Can GE270 +N be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (78/100). Readily weldable by SMAW/GMAW/SAW with E70xx-class low-hydrogen consumables; preheat 100–150 °C for sections over ~30 mm and post-weld stress relieve or re-normalize repaired areas.
What surface finishes work on GE270 +N?
Not anodizable; shot-blast then prime/paint, phosphate, zinc-plate or hot-dip galvanize for corrosion protection, and machine bearing surfaces where a fine finish is needed.
Can GE270 +N be formed, bent or molded?
Green-sand, resin-sand or investment casting with generous risering — steel's high shrinkage (~2 %) demands directional solidification and adequate fillets to avoid hot tears.
What is the maximum service temperature of GE270 +N?
GE270 +N is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between GE270 +N and GE270-F?
+N is the default condition — standard stocked condition: refined grain, uniform properties through the section and reliable Rp0.2 ≥ 270 MPa. F: cheapest condition for lightly loaded, non-critical castings where residual stresses and coarse as-cast structure are tolerable. Yield strength is 295 MPa in +N versus 270 MPa in F.
Sources
- EN 10293 — Steel castings for general engineering uses — CEN (2015)
- ISO 3755 — Cast carbon steels for general engineering purposes — ISO (1991)
- DIN 1681 — Cast steels for general engineering purposes (GS-45/GS-52) — DIN (1985)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Steel Castings Handbook, 6th ed. — Steel Founders' Society of America / ASM (1995)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.