Steel G20CrNiMo-CD (Cold drawn)
Supply condition
Small-diameter precision bar for rollers, pins and cages where close tolerance and better surface finish reduce machining allowance.
Values for the CD condition
Other G20CrNiMo tempers and conditions
G20CrNiMo is listed in 7 conditions; see the grade overview at G20CrNiMo.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ADefault Solution annealed | Standard GB/T 3203 delivery condition for bearing ring blanks: softest, most uniform structure for turning, boring and cold forming before carburizing. | 400 | 620 | 29 | 190 HB | — |
Normalized | Grain refinement and banding removal on forged rings before carburizing; also used when a tougher machining structure than annealed is wanted. | 430 | 680 | 25 | 14 HRC | 8 % IACS |
Hot rolled | Mill as-rolled bar for forging stock or subsequent heat treatment; hardness too high and non-uniform for finish machining. | 450 | 720 | 22 | 20 HRC | 8 % IACS |
CDThis page Cold drawn | Small-diameter precision bar for rollers, pins and cages where close tolerance and better surface finish reduce machining allowance. | 620 | 760 | 12 | 22 HRC | 8 % IACS |
Quenched and tempered | Direct-hardened condition for shafts, flanges and non-raceway parts machined from the same bearing-steel stock. | 850 | 1,080 | 14 | 34 HRC | — |
Carburized and hardened | The functional service condition for bearing rings and rollers: hard, compressively stressed deep case on a tough 30–42 HRC core for shock and heavy contact loads. | 950 | 1,250 | 11 | 61 HRC | — |
Carburized, quenched, sub-zero treated and double tempered | Choose when retained austenite must be minimized for precision bearings and long-term dimensional stability at elevated running temperature. | 1,050 | 1,300 | 11 | 62 HRC | 7 % IACS |
What is G20CrNiMo-CD?
G20CrNiMo-CD is G20CrNiMo supplied in the CD condition — small-diameter precision bar for rollers, pins and cages where close tolerance and better surface finish reduce machining allowance. G20CrNiMo-CD has a yield strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 78% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 12% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi). G20CrNiMo-CD has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). A is the default condition FabDigit quotes; CD is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 80/100, better than 97% of steel grades
- Easy to machine — 65/100, better than 93% of steel grades
- High strength — 620 MPa (89.9 ksi), better than 78% of steel grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 12%, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 78% of steel grades
G20CrNiMo-CD properties
Typical room-temperature values for G20CrNiMo-CD; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are G20CrNiMo reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
G20CrNiMo-CD has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical14
G20CrNiMo-CD has a yield strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 78% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 12% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
G20CrNiMo-CD is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 44 W/m·K (25.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 57% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.7 µm/m·K (6.5 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
G20CrNiMo-CD conducts electricity at 8 % IACS, better than 55% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of G20CrNiMo-CD takes about 34 MJ of energy and emits 2.3 kg of CO₂ — more than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
G20CrNiMo-CD's machinability is good (65/100, better than 93% of steel grades); weldability fair (45/100); formability poor (30/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with G20CrNiMo-CD
Is G20CrNiMo easy to machine?
Turn/bore in the annealed ≤229 HB condition with carbide inserts and ample coolant; after carburizing only grinding, honing or CBN hard-turning is practical.
Can G20CrNiMo be welded?
Weldable before carburizing with low-hydrogen consumables, 200–300 °C preheat and post-weld temper; never weld a carburized case.
Can G20CrNiMo be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100–1180 °C with finish above 900 °C then normalize/anneal; cold forming limited to modest upsetting of annealed stock.
What surface finishes work on G20CrNiMo?
Carburize 920–940 °C to the required case depth, quench in oil/press-quench for rings, temper 160–200 °C, then grind and superfinish raceways; protect with phosphating, black oxide or oil film since the steel has no corrosion resistance.
G20CrNiMo chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Clow carbon core for carburizing | 0.17 – 0.23 | 0.2 |
| Si | 0.15 – 0.4 | 0.27 |
| Mn | 0.6 – 0.9 | 0.75 |
| Cr | 0.35 – 0.65 | 0.5 |
| Nicore toughness | 0.4 – 0.7 | 0.55 |
| Mohardenability, temper resistance | 0.15 – 0.3 | 0.22 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | — |
| Cu | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| O≤15 ppm total oxygen typical for bearing steel | ≤ 0 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
G20CrNiMo-CD — frequently asked
What is G20CrNiMo-CD used for?
G20CrNiMo-CD is typically used for large industrial bearings, rail and wind turbine bearings and heavy machinery rollers. In short: deep-case carburizing bearing steel; tougher core than G20CrMo; sized for large sections.
What is the yield strength of G20CrNiMo-CD?
G20CrNiMo-CD has a typical yield strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 78% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is G20CrNiMo-CD easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (65/100, better than 93% of steel grades). Turn/bore in the annealed ≤229 HB condition with carbide inserts and ample coolant; after carburizing only grinding, honing or CBN hard-turning is practical.
Can G20CrNiMo-CD be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (45/100). Weldable before carburizing with low-hydrogen consumables, 200–300 °C preheat and post-weld temper; never weld a carburized case.
What surface finishes work on G20CrNiMo-CD?
Carburize 920–940 °C to the required case depth, quench in oil/press-quench for rings, temper 160–200 °C, then grind and superfinish raceways; protect with phosphating, black oxide or oil film since the steel has no corrosion resistance.
Can G20CrNiMo-CD be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100–1180 °C with finish above 900 °C then normalize/anneal; cold forming limited to modest upsetting of annealed stock.
What is the maximum service temperature of G20CrNiMo-CD?
G20CrNiMo-CD is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between G20CrNiMo-A and G20CrNiMo CH-SR?
A is the default condition — standard GB/T 3203 delivery condition for bearing ring blanks: softest, most uniform structure for turning, boring and cold forming before carburizing. CH-SR: choose when retained austenite must be minimized for precision bearings and long-term dimensional stability at elevated running temperature. Yield strength is 400 MPa in A versus 1,050 MPa in CH-SR.
Sources
- GB/T 3203 / (carburizing bearing steel bar) (2016)
- GB/T 3077 (20CrNiMo) — SAC (2015)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys (8620 data) — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.4 — Heat Treating (carburizing of Ni-Cr-Mo steels) — ASM International (1991)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19 — Fatigue and Fracture — ASM International (1996)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.