Stainless Steel 1.4523 +A (Annealed)
Heat-treated state · default condition
EN 1.4523
Standard stock condition for hot-rolled/forged bar destined for heavy machining or subsequent cold forming.
Values for the +A condition
Other 1.4523 tempers and conditions
1.4523 is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at 1.4523.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hot rolled | Large-diameter bar (>~30 mm) where cold drawing is impractical; same mechanicals as +A with a machined surface. | 330 | 490 | 21 | 170 HB | 2.9 % IACS |
+ADefaultThis page Annealed | Standard stock condition for hot-rolled/forged bar destined for heavy machining or subsequent cold forming. | 340 | 500 | 20 | 175 HB | — |
Lightly cold drawn / soft-drawn | Compromise bar condition: better surface and straightness than +A but keeps most of the annealed ductility for cold heading. | 420 | 560 | 16 | 10 HRC | 2.9 % IACS |
Cold drawn, ground and polished | Use where the as-supplied OD becomes a functional/sealing surface (shafts, valve stems, h7/h8 tolerance). | 520 | 640 | 11 | 16 HRC | 2.9 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Pick for automatic-lathe (Swiss) bar stock needing tight tolerance, straightness and higher strength; ductility drops sharply. | 530 | 650 | 10 | 215 HB | — |
What is 1.4523 +A?
1.4523 +A is 1.4523 heat treated to +A — standard stock condition for hot-rolled/forged bar destined for heavy machining or subsequent cold forming. 1.4523 +A has a yield strength of 340 MPa (49.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 55% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 220 GPa (31.9 Msi). 1.4523 +A has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 75/100, better than 99% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 23 W/m·K (13.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 78% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 96% of stainless steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 30/100, worse than 88% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 20%, worse than 79% of stainless steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 400°C (752 °F), worse than 78% of stainless steel grades
1.4523 +A properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4523 +A; 10 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1.4523 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4523 +A has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical14
1.4523 +A has a yield strength of 340 MPa (49.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 55% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 220 GPa (31.9 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4523 +A is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 23 W/m·K (13.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 78% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.4 µm/m·K (5.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4523 +A conducts electricity at 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (55/100), worse than 71% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4523 +A takes about 48 MJ of energy and emits 4.2 kg of CO₂ — less than 85% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 65%.
Manufacturability7
1.4523 +A's machinability is very good (75/100, better than 99% of stainless steel grades); weldability poor (30/100); formability fair (45/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1.4523 +A
Is 1.4523 easy to machine?
Excellent for high-volume turning: sulfide inclusions give short chips at 75–85 % of AISI 1212; use sharp positive-rake carbide, high feed, ample coolant and avoid dwelling to prevent work-hardened glazing.
Can 1.4523 be welded?
Not recommended for structural welds — sulfur promotes hot cracking and destroys the passive film in the HAZ; if unavoidable, use low heat input GTAW with 316L/309L-type filler or restrict to resistance/projection welding.
Can 1.4523 be formed, bent or molded?
Ferritic with sulfide stringers: mild bending and cold heading are possible in the annealed condition (min bend radius ≥2t) but deep drawing, flaring and heavy upsetting risk longitudinal splitting.
What surface finishes work on 1.4523?
Passivate in citric or nitric acid after machining to dissolve smeared sulfides; electropolish or fine-grind rather than mirror-buff, and expect small inclusion pits on decorative surfaces.
1.4523 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Cultra-low carbon | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Mncombines with S as MnS chip breakers | ≤ 1 | 0.6 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Sdeliberate addition for free machining | 0.15 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Cr | 17 – 20 | 18 |
| Mopitting resistance | 1.8 – 2.5 | 2 |
| Tistabilizer, ≥4×(C+N)+0.15 | 0.15 – 0.8 | 0.4 |
| N | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Fe | balance | — |
1.4523 +A — frequently asked
What is 1.4523 +A used for?
1.4523 +A is typically used for precision-machined fittings, fasteners, valve components and automotive parts requiring machining. In short: free-machining ferritic bar; turns near 1212 speeds; not for welded assemblies.
What is the yield strength of 1.4523 +A?
1.4523 +A has a typical yield strength of 340 MPa (49.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 55% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is 1.4523 +A easy to machine?
Yes — machinability is rated very good (75/100, better than 99% of stainless steel grades). Excellent for high-volume turning: sulfide inclusions give short chips at 75–85 % of AISI 1212; use sharp positive-rake carbide, high feed, ample coolant and avoid dwelling to prevent work-hardened glazing.
Can 1.4523 +A be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (30/100). Not recommended for structural welds — sulfur promotes hot cracking and destroys the passive film in the HAZ; if unavoidable, use low heat input GTAW with 316L/309L-type filler or restrict to resistance/projection welding.
What surface finishes work on 1.4523 +A?
Passivate in citric or nitric acid after machining to dissolve smeared sulfides; electropolish or fine-grind rather than mirror-buff, and expect small inclusion pits on decorative surfaces.
Can 1.4523 +A be formed, bent or molded?
Ferritic with sulfide stringers: mild bending and cold heading are possible in the annealed condition (min bend radius ≥2t) but deep drawing, flaring and heavy upsetting risk longitudinal splitting.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4523 +A?
1.4523 +A is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Sources
- EN 10088-3: Stainless steels — Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products — CEN (2014)
- EN 10088-1: Stainless steels — List of stainless steels (chemical and physical data) — CEN (2014)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1: Properties and Selection — Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B: Corrosion — Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Free-machining ferritic stainless bar (18Cr-2Mo-Ti-S) datasheet — European long-product stainless producer (2022)
- ASTM A967/A967M — Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel Parts — ASTM (2017)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.