Nickel Alloy Alloy 45TM-SA (Solution Annealed)
Heat-treated state · default condition
UNS N06045 · also Nicrofer 45TM
Standard supply condition for plate, sheet, tube and bar — maximum ductility and best carburization/metal-dusting resistance.
Values for the SA condition
Other Alloy 45TM tempers and conditions
Alloy 45TM is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at Alloy 45TM.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hot Rolled / Hot Finished + Annealed + Pickled | Heavy plate and forged/hot-rolled bar for furnace retorts and vessel shells; slightly coarser grain and marginally lower strength than cold-rolled sheet. | 315 | 710 | 45 | 172 HB | 1.4 % IACS |
SADefaultThis page Solution Annealed | Standard supply condition for plate, sheet, tube and bar — maximum ductility and best carburization/metal-dusting resistance. | 330 | 730 | 42 | 180 HB | 1.4 % IACS |
Cold Rolled + Annealed | Thin sheet/strip with bright annealed or 2D finish for fabricated liners, bellows and formed furnace components. | 345 | 750 | 40 | 185 HB | 1.4 % IACS |
As-welded deposit | Typical all-weld-metal properties for GTAW/GMAW joints made with matching 45TM filler; used for design of welded furnace assemblies. | 400 | 700 | 30 | 195 HB | 1.4 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Higher strength and better surface/tolerances for small-diameter tube and bar where residual cold work is acceptable below ~500 °C service. | 600 | 860 | 22 | 23 HRC | 1.4 % IACS |
What is Alloy 45TM-SA?
Alloy 45TM-SA is Alloy 45TM heat treated to SA — standard supply condition for plate, sheet, tube and bar — maximum ductility and best carburization/metal-dusting resistance. Alloy 45TM-SA has a yield strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 730 MPa (106 ksi) — weaker than 67% of nickel alloy grades. Elongation at break is 42% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi). Alloy 45TM-SA has a density of 7.6 g/cm³ (0.275 lb/in³), lighter than 99% of nickel alloy grades. It melts at 1,360°C (2,480 °F).
Advantages
- High service temperature — 1,100°C (2,012 °F), better than 88% of nickel alloy grades
Alloy 45TM-SA properties
Typical room-temperature values for Alloy 45TM-SA; 21 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are Alloy 45TM reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among nickel alloy grades.
Physical3
Alloy 45TM-SA has a density of 7.6 g/cm³ (0.275 lb/in³), lighter than 99% of nickel alloy grades. It melts at 1,360°C (2,480 °F).
Mechanical15
Alloy 45TM-SA has a yield strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 730 MPa (106 ksi) — weaker than 67% of nickel alloy grades. Elongation at break is 42% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi).
Thermal5
Alloy 45TM-SA is rated for continuous service to 1,100°C (2,012 °F). It conducts heat at 11.5 W/m·K (6.64 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 57% of nickel alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 13.9 µm/m·K (7.72 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Alloy 45TM-SA conducts electricity at 1.4 % IACS, worse than 65% of nickel alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (86/100), better than 77% of nickel alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Alloy 45TM-SA takes about 150 MJ of energy and emits 11.5 kg of CO₂ — less than 68% of nickel alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.
Manufacturability6
Alloy 45TM-SA's machinability is poor (25/100, better than 76% of nickel alloy grades); weldability good (60/100); formability good (58/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with Alloy 45TM-SA
Is Alloy 45TM easy to machine?
Machine like Alloy 600/601 — rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, low speed/heavy feed and flood coolant; the alloy work-hardens quickly and the ~3 % Si makes it abrasive.
Can Alloy 45TM be welded?
GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching 45TM (SG-NiCr 27) filler, low heat input, interpass ≤150 °C and no preheat; the high Si content makes it sensitive to hot cracking with excessive restraint or dilution.
Can Alloy 45TM be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form with roughly 1.5–2× the force of austenitic stainless, generous radii and intermediate anneals; hot work at 1150–900 °C followed by rapid cooling from ~1150 °C.
What surface finishes work on Alloy 45TM?
Pickle or grind off the tenacious Cr/Si oxide scale before service; no anodizing — mechanical polishing or bright annealing gives the best oxidation-resistant surface.
Alloy 45TM chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Niprincipal element | 44 – 48 | 45 |
| Cr | 26 – 29 | 27 |
| Sikey for metal-dusting/carburization resistance | 2.5 – 3 | 2.75 |
| C | 0.05 – 0.12 | 0.08 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.3 |
| Cerare earth, oxide-scale adherence | 0.03 – 0.09 | 0.06 |
| Al | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Ti | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Cu | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| P | ≤ 0.02 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.01 | — |
| Febalance, approx. 21–25 % | balance | — |
Alloy 45TM-SA — frequently asked
What is Alloy 45TM-SA used for?
Alloy 45TM-SA is typically used for ethylene cracker tubes/fittings, steam-methane reformer components, carburizing furnace parts and petrochemical process tubing. In short: metal-dusting resistant grade; ~45% Cr heat-resisting alloy; carburization-resistant reformer alloy.
What is the yield strength of Alloy 45TM-SA?
Alloy 45TM-SA has a typical yield strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 730 MPa (106 ksi) — weaker than 67% of nickel alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is Alloy 45TM-SA easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (25/100, better than 76% of nickel alloy grades). Machine like Alloy 600/601 — rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, low speed/heavy feed and flood coolant; the alloy work-hardens quickly and the ~3 % Si makes it abrasive.
Can Alloy 45TM-SA be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (60/100). GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching 45TM (SG-NiCr 27) filler, low heat input, interpass ≤150 °C and no preheat; the high Si content makes it sensitive to hot cracking with excessive restraint or dilution.
What surface finishes work on Alloy 45TM-SA?
Pickle or grind off the tenacious Cr/Si oxide scale before service; no anodizing — mechanical polishing or bright annealing gives the best oxidation-resistant surface.
Can Alloy 45TM-SA be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form with roughly 1.5–2× the force of austenitic stainless, generous radii and intermediate anneals; hot work at 1150–900 °C followed by rapid cooling from ~1150 °C.
What is the maximum service temperature of Alloy 45TM-SA?
Alloy 45TM-SA is rated for continuous use to about 1,100°C (2,012 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Alloy 45TM-SA and Alloy 45TM-CD?
SA is the default condition — standard supply condition for plate, sheet, tube and bar — maximum ductility and best carburization/metal-dusting resistance. CD: higher strength and better surface/tolerances for small-diameter tube and bar where residual cold work is acceptable below ~500 °C service. Yield strength is 330 MPa in SA versus 600 MPa in CD.
Sources
- VDM Metals Material Data Sheet No. 4051 — Nicrofer 45 TM / Alloy 45 TM — VDM Metals (2018)
- ASTM B409 / B408 / B622 (UNS N06045 plate, sheet, strip, bar, tube) — ASTM International (2020)
- EN 10095 / VdTÜV WB 508 — heat resisting steels and nickel alloys, material 2.4889 — CEN / VdTÜV (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials (high-temperature carburization and metal dusting) — ASM International (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.