Titanium Ti Grade 3-HW (Hot Worked)
Heat-treated state
UNS R50550 · EN 3.7065 · JIS Class 3 · GB TA3
Economical condition for thick plate, billet and forgings that will be machined or annealed later.
Values for the HW condition
Other Ti Grade 3 tempers and conditions
Ti Grade 3 is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at Ti Grade 3.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HWThis page Hot Worked | Economical condition for thick plate, billet and forgings that will be machined or annealed later. | 415 | 510 | 19 | 205 HB | 3.1 % IACS |
ANNDefault Annealed | Default stocked condition for ASTM B265 plate/sheet and B348 bar; best balance of strength, ductility and weldability. | 420 | 500 | 20 | 200 HB | — |
Cold Worked + Stress Relieved | Standard condition for seamless condenser/heat-exchanger tube (ASTM B338) and precision bar; retains most cold-work strength with reduced residual stress. | 480 | 550 | 16 | 21 HRC | 3.1 % IACS |
Cold worked | Pick for cold-drawn bar, wire and strip where higher strength and straightness matter more than ductility. | 550 | 620 | 14 | 22 HRC | — |
What is Ti Grade 3-HW?
Ti Grade 3-HW is Ti Grade 3 heat treated to HW — economical condition for thick plate, billet and forgings that will be machined or annealed later. Ti Grade 3-HW has a yield strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 510 MPa (74 ksi) — weaker than 68% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 19% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi). Ti Grade 3-HW has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,660°C (3,020 °F). ANN is the default condition FabDigit quotes; HW is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High electrical conductivity — 3.1 % IACS, better than 75% of titanium grades
Limitations
- High embodied carbon — 48 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 95% of titanium grades
Ti Grade 3-HW properties
Typical room-temperature values for Ti Grade 3-HW; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are Ti Grade 3 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among titanium grades.
Physical3
Ti Grade 3-HW has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,660°C (3,020 °F).
Mechanical16
Ti Grade 3-HW has a yield strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 510 MPa (74 ksi) — weaker than 68% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 19% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
Thermal6
Ti Grade 3-HW is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 16.4 W/m·K (9.48 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 71% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 8.6 µm/m·K (4.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Ti Grade 3-HW conducts electricity at 3.1 % IACS, better than 75% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (92/100), better than 53% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Ti Grade 3-HW takes about 690 MJ of energy and emits 48 kg of CO₂ — more than 57% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
Ti Grade 3-HW's machinability is poor (29/100, better than 62% of titanium grades); weldability excellent (85/100); formability fair (50/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with Ti Grade 3-HW
Is Ti Grade 3 easy to machine?
Machine at low surface speed with high feed, sharp uncoated-carbide or PVD tooling and flood coolant; never dwell — Ti work-hardens, galls and chips ignite as fine swarf.
Can Ti Grade 3 be welded?
Excellent GTAW/plasma/EBW weldability with argon torch, trailing and back purge; keep O/N/H pickup low, weld bead must stay silver-straw, no filler needed for thin sheet (ERTi-3 otherwise).
Can Ti Grade 3 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form with generous bend radii (≈3–4 t) and allow for high springback; warm forming at 200–400 °C markedly improves formability over the higher-oxygen Grade 3.
What surface finishes work on Ti Grade 3?
Pickle in HNO₃/HF to remove alpha case and scale, then anodize (ASTM F86 / AMS 2488) for colour or wear; electropolishing and mechanical polishing both give good results — avoid iron contamination from steel tooling.
Ti Grade 3 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Nmax per ASTM B265 | ≤ 0.05 | 0.02 |
| C | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| Hmax; 0.0125 for tube/bar in some forms | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Omax; principal strengthener vs Grade 2 | ≤ 0.35 | 0.28 |
| Residuals (each)max each | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Residuals (total)max total | ≤ 0.4 | — |
| Ti | balance | — |
Ti Grade 3-HW — frequently asked
What is Ti Grade 3-HW used for?
Ti Grade 3-HW is typically used for aircraft structural sheet, pressure vessels, cryogenic tanks and marine components. In short: strongest common CP grade; higher strength than Grade 2; still readily weldable.
What is the yield strength of Ti Grade 3-HW?
Ti Grade 3-HW has a typical yield strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 510 MPa (74 ksi) — weaker than 68% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is Ti Grade 3-HW easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (29/100, better than 62% of titanium grades). Machine at low surface speed with high feed, sharp uncoated-carbide or PVD tooling and flood coolant; never dwell — Ti work-hardens, galls and chips ignite as fine swarf.
Can Ti Grade 3-HW be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (85/100). Excellent GTAW/plasma/EBW weldability with argon torch, trailing and back purge; keep O/N/H pickup low, weld bead must stay silver-straw, no filler needed for thin sheet (ERTi-3 otherwise).
What surface finishes work on Ti Grade 3-HW?
Pickle in HNO₃/HF to remove alpha case and scale, then anodize (ASTM F86 / AMS 2488) for colour or wear; electropolishing and mechanical polishing both give good results — avoid iron contamination from steel tooling.
Can Ti Grade 3-HW be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form with generous bend radii (≈3–4 t) and allow for high springback; warm forming at 200–400 °C markedly improves formability over the higher-oxygen Grade 3.
What is the maximum service temperature of Ti Grade 3-HW?
Ti Grade 3-HW is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Ti Grade 3-ANN and Ti Grade 3-CW?
ANN is the default condition — default stocked condition for ASTM B265 plate/sheet and B348 bar; best balance of strength, ductility and weldability. CW: pick for cold-drawn bar, wire and strip where higher strength and straightness matter more than ductility. Yield strength is 420 MPa in ANN versus 550 MPa in CW.
Sources
- ASTM B265 – Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate — ASTM International (2020)
- ASTM B348 – Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets — ASTM International (2021)
- ASTM B338 – Seamless and Welded Titanium Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers — ASTM International (2022)
- ASTM F67 – Unalloyed Titanium for Surgical Implant Applications — ASTM International (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol.2 – Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B – Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Commercially Pure Titanium Grades 1–4 datasheet — TIMET / VSMPO (2021)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.