Copper Alloy C19000
UNS C19000 · EN CW108C, CuNi1P
C19000 (CW108C, CuNi1P) is an age-hardening copper alloyed with nickel and phosphorus from the C10000–C19999 wrought family, supplied solution-treated (TB00), precipitation-hardened (TF00) and in HR01–HR10 hard-rolled tempers.
Reference datasheet — C19000 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the HR02 condition
C19000 tempers and conditions
C19000 is supplied in 7 conditions, soft to hard. HR02 is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solution heat treated | Softest condition for deep drawing or severe forming before ageing; lowest strength and lowest conductivity because Ni and P are still in solution. | 90 | 275 | 40 | 35 HRB | 30 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and precipitation hardened | Form parts soft, then age at ~450–500 °C to precipitate Ni₃P — good strength with the alloy's highest conductivity and full ductility retention. | 310 | 400 | 18 | 68 HRB | 48 % IACS |
Quarter hard, cold rolled and stress relieved | Light cold work plus stress relief; choose when moderate strength must be combined with substantial bending formability. | 380 | 425 | 13 | 72 HRB | 45 % IACS |
HR02Default Half hard, cold rolled and stress relieved | The workhorse strip temper: balanced strength, formability and conductivity for connectors, contact springs and lead frames. | 448 | 483 | 8 | 78 HRB | 43 % IACS |
Full hard, cold rolled and stress relieved | High-strength strip for flat springs and stamped contacts where bends are gentle and mostly with the grain. | 517 | 552 | 5 | 84 HRB | 42 % IACS |
Spring temper, cold rolled and stress relieved | Spring temper for relay blades and contact fingers needing high elastic limit and low stress relaxation at moderate temperature. | 586 | 620 | 3 | 89 HRB | 41 % IACS |
Extra spring temper, cold rolled and stress relieved | Maximum strength temper for thin, flat, lightly formed springs; very limited bend formability, form only with generous radii along the grain. | 640 | 670 | 2 | 93 HRB | 40 % IACS |
What is C19000?
C19000 (CW108C, CuNi1P) is an age-hardening copper alloyed with nickel and phosphorus from the C10000–C19999 wrought family, supplied solution-treated (TB00), precipitation-hardened (TF00) and in HR01–HR10 hard-rolled tempers. Aged material reaches 448 MPa yield, 483 MPa tensile, 8% elongation and 78 HRB while keeping 43% IACS and 180 W/m·K, which suits springs and contacts that carry current. Machinability is low at 25 and service is limited to about 200 °C before over-aging; C19010 (CuNi2Si) gives higher strength and conductivity where the extra cost is acceptable. C19000 has a density of 8.89 g/cm³ (0.321 lb/in³), heavier than 72% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 1,075°C (1,967 °F). C19000 has a yield strength of 448 MPa (65 ksi) and a tensile strength of 483 MPa (70.1 ksi) — stronger than 85% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 8% and the elastic modulus is 125 GPa (18.1 Msi).
What is C19000 used for?
- electrical connectors
- springs and contacts
- relay parts
Advantages
- High strength — 448 MPa (65 ksi), better than 85% of copper alloy grades
- Conducts heat well — 180 W/m·K (104 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 75% of copper alloy grades
- High electrical conductivity — 43 % IACS, better than 75% of copper alloy grades
Limitations
- Difficult to machine — 25/100, worse than 86% of copper alloy grades
- Limited ductility — 8%, worse than 83% of copper alloy grades
C19000 properties
Typical room-temperature values for C19000-HR02; bars are the position among copper alloy grades.
Physical3
C19000 has a density of 8.89 g/cm³ (0.321 lb/in³), heavier than 72% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 1,075°C (1,967 °F).
Mechanical11
C19000 has a yield strength of 448 MPa (65 ksi) and a tensile strength of 483 MPa (70.1 ksi) — stronger than 85% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 8% and the elastic modulus is 125 GPa (18.1 Msi).
Thermal6
C19000 is rated for continuous service to 200°C (392 °F). It conducts heat at 180 W/m·K (104 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 75% of copper alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 17.6 µm/m·K (9.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
C19000 conducts electricity at 43 % IACS, better than 75% of copper alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (58/100), worse than 76% of copper alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C19000 takes about 57 MJ of energy and emits 3.8 kg of CO₂ — less than 52% of copper alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 35%.
Manufacturability8
C19000's machinability is poor (25/100, worse than 86% of copper alloy grades); weldability good (55/100); formability good (55/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the copper alloy family
Yield strength against density for every copper alloy grade FabDigit runs. C19000 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with C19000
Is C19000 easy to machine?
Gummy and low-rated (~20 % of free-cutting brass); use sharp positive-rake tools, high speed, light feeds and generous coolant, or buy near-net stamped strip.
Can C19000 be welded?
Solders and brazes very well; GTAW/GMAW possible with Cu-Ni or deoxidised-Cu filler but the heat-affected zone over-ages and loses strength — resistance welding is poor.
Can C19000 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in TB00/TF00 or the lower HR tempers; hard tempers need bend radii ≥1–2 t with the grain and should be aged/stress-relieved after severe forming.
C19000 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Niforms Ni₃P precipitates on ageing | 0.9 – 1.3 | 1.1 |
| P | 0.15 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Zn | ≤ 0.2 | |
| Pb | ≤ 0.05 | |
| Fe | ≤ 0.05 | |
| CuCu + named elements ≥ 99.5 %, Ag countable as Cu | balance |
What surface finishes work on C19000?
Not anodisable; tin, silver, nickel or gold plating is standard for contacts, and it takes a bright mechanical polish but tarnishes without a lacquer or plated finish.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on copper alloy parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Copper Alloy C19000 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- CW108CCuNi1P
How much does C19000 cost?
C19000 is a high-cost copper alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
C19000 — frequently asked
What is C19000 used for?
C19000 is typically used for electrical connectors, springs and contacts and relay parts. In short: age-hardening copper spring alloy; 43% IACS after aging; lower-cost precipitation copper.
What is the yield strength of C19000?
C19000 has a typical yield strength of 448 MPa (65 ksi) and a tensile strength of 483 MPa (70.1 ksi) — stronger than 85% of copper alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is C19000 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (25/100, worse than 86% of copper alloy grades). Gummy and low-rated (~20 % of free-cutting brass); use sharp positive-rake tools, high speed, light feeds and generous coolant, or buy near-net stamped strip.
Can C19000 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (55/100). Solders and brazes very well; GTAW/GMAW possible with Cu-Ni or deoxidised-Cu filler but the heat-affected zone over-ages and loses strength — resistance welding is poor.
What surface finishes work on C19000?
Not anodisable; tin, silver, nickel or gold plating is standard for contacts, and it takes a bright mechanical polish but tarnishes without a lacquer or plated finish.
Can C19000 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in TB00/TF00 or the lower HR tempers; hard tempers need bend radii ≥1–2 t with the grain and should be aged/stress-relieved after severe forming.
What is the maximum service temperature of C19000?
C19000 is rated for continuous use to about 200°C (392 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between C19000-HR02 and C19000-TB00?
HR02 is the default condition — the workhorse strip temper: balanced strength, formability and conductivity for connectors, contact springs and lead frames. TB00: softest condition for deep drawing or severe forming before ageing; lowest strength and lowest conductivity because Ni and P are still in solution. Yield strength is 448 MPa in HR02 versus 90 MPa in TB00.
How much does C19000 cost?
C19000 is a high-cost copper alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASTM B888/B888M — Copper Alloy Strip for Electrical Connectors — ASTM International (2020)
- EN 1654 / EN 12163 — CuNi1P (CW108C) wrought copper alloys — CEN (2019)
- CDA Alloy Database, C19000 datasheet — Copper Development Association (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.