Titanium VT14 Annealed
Temper · default condition
GB VT14
Default stock condition for sheet, plate, bar and welded assemblies where formability, weld ductility and stable properties matter more than peak strength.
Values for the Annealed condition
Other VT14 tempers and conditions
VT14 is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at VT14.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solution annealed | Intermediate condition supplied for forming or riveting of sheet parts that will be aged to full strength after fabrication. | 780 | 900 | 15 | 29 HRC | 1 % IACS |
As-welded deposit | Use for weld-joint design checks; strength is near parent annealed level but ductility and toughness are reduced until a 550–600 °C stress relief or full anneal is applied. | 830 | 900 | 7 | 33 HRC | 1.1 % IACS |
AnnealedDefaultThis page 740–780 °C anneal, air cooled | Default stock condition for sheet, plate, bar and welded assemblies where formability, weld ductility and stable properties matter more than peak strength. | 850 | 930 | 12 | 30 HRC | — |
Hot rolled | Mill-delivery condition of plate, bar and forgings before final annealing or ageing; properties scattered and directional. | 870 | 950 | 10 | 32 HRC | 1.1 % IACS |
Solution treated and aged | Pick when maximum strength is required from VT14 forgings, bar or heavier sections; ductility and toughness drop and section size is limited by quench hardenability. | 1,080 | 1,180 | 8 | 38 HRC | — |
What is VT14 Annealed?
VT14 Annealed is VT14 in the Annealed temper — default stock condition for sheet, plate, bar and welded assemblies where formability, weld ductility and stable properties matter more than peak strength. VT14 Annealed has a yield strength of 850 MPa (123 ksi) and a tensile strength of 930 MPa (135 ksi) — stronger than 66% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 12% and the elastic modulus is 115 GPa (16.7 Msi). VT14 Annealed has a density of 4.52 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 77% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,600°C (2,912 °F).
Advantages
- High service temperature — 400°C (752 °F), better than 78% of titanium grades
Limitations
- Low fracture toughness — 60 MPa·√m (54.6 ksi·√in), worse than 83% of titanium grades
- Limited ductility — 12%, worse than 78% of titanium grades
VT14 Annealed properties
Typical room-temperature values for VT14 Annealed; 15 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are VT14 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among titanium grades.
Physical3
VT14 Annealed has a density of 4.52 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 77% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,600°C (2,912 °F).
Mechanical16
VT14 Annealed has a yield strength of 850 MPa (123 ksi) and a tensile strength of 930 MPa (135 ksi) — stronger than 66% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 12% and the elastic modulus is 115 GPa (16.7 Msi).
Thermal6
VT14 Annealed is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 8.4 W/m·K (4.85 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 53% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 8.6 µm/m·K (4.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
VT14 Annealed conducts electricity at 1.1 % IACS, worse than 67% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (90/100), worse than 63% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of VT14 Annealed takes about 700 MJ of energy and emits 42 kg of CO₂ — more than 74% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
VT14 Annealed's machinability is poor (22/100, worse than 55% of titanium grades); weldability very good (70/100); formability fair (45/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with VT14 Annealed
Is VT14 easy to machine?
Machine like Ti-6Al-4V: rigid setup, sharp uncoated-carbide or coated carbide tools, 25–50 m/min surface speed, high positive rake, heavy flood coolant and no dwelling to avoid work hardening and fire risk from fine chips.
Can VT14 be welded?
One of the weldable Russian α+β grades — GTAW/plasma/EB welding with full argon or vacuum shielding; stress relieve 550–600 °C or fully anneal after welding, and never weld with residual grease, oxide or moisture (hydrogen embrittlement).
Can VT14 be formed, bent or molded?
Annealed sheet bends and stretches acceptably with generous radii (≈4–5 t); warm forming at 400–600 °C sharply improves formability and springback, and quenched (ST) sheet can be formed then aged.
What surface finishes work on VT14?
Pickle in HNO3/HF or grit blast plus chemical clean to remove α-case and scale after hot work; decorative/colour anodising and thermal oxidation are available, while plating is uncommon — use dry-film lubricants or anodise to combat galling.
VT14 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Alα stabiliser | 3.5 – 6.3 | 4.8 |
| Moβ stabiliser | 2.5 – 3.8 | 3 |
| V | 0.9 – 1.9 | 1.4 |
| Zrimpurity limit | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Si | ≤ 0.15 | — |
| Fe | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| O | ≤ 0.15 | — |
| C | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| N | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| H | ≤ 0.02 | — |
| Tibalance, per GOST 19807 | balance | — |
VT14 Annealed — frequently asked
What is VT14 Annealed used for?
VT14 Annealed is typically used for aircraft structural parts, fasteners and pressure vessels. In short: weldable Russian α+β grade; moderate strength, good ductility; warm-formable titanium sheet.
What is the yield strength of VT14 Annealed?
VT14 Annealed has a typical yield strength of 850 MPa (123 ksi) and a tensile strength of 930 MPa (135 ksi) — stronger than 66% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is VT14 Annealed easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (22/100, worse than 55% of titanium grades). Machine like Ti-6Al-4V: rigid setup, sharp uncoated-carbide or coated carbide tools, 25–50 m/min surface speed, high positive rake, heavy flood coolant and no dwelling to avoid work hardening and fire risk from fine chips.
Can VT14 Annealed be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (70/100). One of the weldable Russian α+β grades — GTAW/plasma/EB welding with full argon or vacuum shielding; stress relieve 550–600 °C or fully anneal after welding, and never weld with residual grease, oxide or moisture (hydrogen embrittlement).
What surface finishes work on VT14 Annealed?
Pickle in HNO3/HF or grit blast plus chemical clean to remove α-case and scale after hot work; decorative/colour anodising and thermal oxidation are available, while plating is uncommon — use dry-film lubricants or anodise to combat galling.
Can VT14 Annealed be formed, bent or molded?
Annealed sheet bends and stretches acceptably with generous radii (≈4–5 t); warm forming at 400–600 °C sharply improves formability and springback, and quenched (ST) sheet can be formed then aged.
What is the maximum service temperature of VT14 Annealed?
VT14 Annealed is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between VT14 Annealed and VT14-STA?
Annealed is the default condition — default stock condition for sheet, plate, bar and welded assemblies where formability, weld ductility and stable properties matter more than peak strength. STA: pick when maximum strength is required from VT14 forgings, bar or heavier sections; ductility and toughness drop and section size is limited by quench hardenability. Yield strength is 850 MPa in Annealed versus 1,080 MPa in STA.
Sources
- GOST 19807-91 — Titanium and titanium alloys, grades — Gosstandart / Rosstandart (1991)
- GOST 22178 — Titanium alloy sheets (technical requirements) — Gosstandart (1976)
- GOST 26492 — Titanium alloy rods — Gosstandart (1985)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys (titanium section) — ASM International (1990)
- Materials Properties Handbook: Titanium Alloys — ASM International (1994)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.