Steel ER90S-D2-AW (As-welded deposit)
Heat-treated state · default condition
Standard classification condition for ER90S-D2: use for 90 ksi-class joints that will not be post-weld heat treated.
Values for the AW condition
Other ER90S-D2 tempers and conditions
ER90S-D2 is listed in 2 conditions; see the grade overview at ER90S-D2.
- PWHT
- AW
Compare all 2 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Post-weld heat treated | Pick when the fabrication must be stress-relieved or PWHT'd; strength drops to the ER80S-D2 (550 MPa) level with improved ductility. | 500 | 600 | 26 | 11 HRC | 8.5 % IACS |
AWDefaultThis page As-welded deposit | Standard classification condition for ER90S-D2: use for 90 ksi-class joints that will not be post-weld heat treated. | 570 | 660 | 23 | 17 HRC | 8 % IACS |
What is ER90S-D2-AW?
ER90S-D2-AW is ER90S-D2 heat treated to AW — standard classification condition for ER90S-D2: use for 90 ksi-class joints that will not be post-weld heat treated. ER90S-D2-AW has a yield strength of 570 MPa (82.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) — stronger than 74% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 23% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi). ER90S-D2-AW has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,470°C (2,678 °F).
Advantages
- Readily welded — 90/100, better than 90% of steel grades
ER90S-D2-AW properties
Typical room-temperature values for ER90S-D2-AW; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are ER90S-D2 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
ER90S-D2-AW has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,470°C (2,678 °F).
Mechanical17
ER90S-D2-AW has a yield strength of 570 MPa (82.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) — stronger than 74% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 23% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
ER90S-D2-AW is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 42 W/m·K (24.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 56% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.5 µm/m·K (6.94 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
ER90S-D2-AW conducts electricity at 8 % IACS, better than 55% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of ER90S-D2-AW takes about 32 MJ of energy and emits 2.4 kg of CO₂ — more than 70% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
ER90S-D2-AW's machinability is fair (45/100, worse than 65% of steel grades); weldability excellent (90/100); formability fair (42/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with ER90S-D2-AW
Is ER90S-D2 easy to machine?
Deposited metal machines like normalized HSLA steel (~200 HB); use carbide tooling, expect harder spots at fusion boundaries and in unbuffered starts/stops.
Can ER90S-D2 be welded?
GMAW with CO₂ or Ar–CO₂/Ar–O₂; keep heat input, preheat and interpass temperature per the base metal's CE, limit moisture on the wire, and avoid long PWHT if the 90 ksi class must be retained.
Can ER90S-D2 be formed, bent or molded?
Not a formed product; the wire is cold drawn and copper coated — keep spools dry and avoid kinking to preserve feedability.
What surface finishes work on ER90S-D2?
Weld metal has no inherent corrosion resistance: grind/blast and then paint, phosphate, metallize or zinc coat together with the base metal.
ER90S-D2 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.07 – 0.12 | 0.1 |
| Mn | 1.6 – 2.1 | 1.85 |
| Si | 0.5 – 0.8 | 0.65 |
| Mo | 0.4 – 0.6 | 0.5 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.15 | 0.05 |
| Crresidual | ≤ 0.15 | 0.05 |
| Vresidual | ≤ 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Cuincludes copper coating | ≤ 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Fe | balance | — |
ER90S-D2-AW — frequently asked
What is ER90S-D2-AW used for?
ER90S-D2-AW is typically used for high-strength structural steel welding, heavy machinery fabrication and pressure vessel welds requiring 90ksi weld metal. In short: 90 ksi Mn-Mo wire; strongest of D2 family; single-shield CO₂ capable.
What is the yield strength of ER90S-D2-AW?
ER90S-D2-AW has a typical yield strength of 570 MPa (82.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) — stronger than 74% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 2 listed tempers.
Is ER90S-D2-AW easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (45/100, worse than 65% of steel grades). Deposited metal machines like normalized HSLA steel (~200 HB); use carbide tooling, expect harder spots at fusion boundaries and in unbuffered starts/stops.
Can ER90S-D2-AW be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (90/100). GMAW with CO₂ or Ar–CO₂/Ar–O₂; keep heat input, preheat and interpass temperature per the base metal's CE, limit moisture on the wire, and avoid long PWHT if the 90 ksi class must be retained.
What surface finishes work on ER90S-D2-AW?
Weld metal has no inherent corrosion resistance: grind/blast and then paint, phosphate, metallize or zinc coat together with the base metal.
Can ER90S-D2-AW be formed, bent or molded?
Not a formed product; the wire is cold drawn and copper coated — keep spools dry and avoid kinking to preserve feedability.
What is the maximum service temperature of ER90S-D2-AW?
ER90S-D2-AW is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between ER90S-D2-AW and ER90S-D2 PWHT?
AW is the default condition — standard classification condition for ER90S-D2: use for 90 ksi-class joints that will not be post-weld heat treated. PWHT: pick when the fabrication must be stress-relieved or PWHT'd; strength drops to the ER80S-D2 (550 MPa) level with improved ductility. Yield strength is 570 MPa in AW versus 500 MPa in PWHT.
Sources
- AWS A5.28/A5.28M — Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding — AWS (2020)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 6 — Welding, Brazing and Soldering — ASM International (1993)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- Mn-Mo solid MIG wire (90 ksi class) product data — Lincoln Electric / ESAB / Hobart (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.