Steel EN19-CR (Cold rolled)
Supply condition
BS EN19 · AISI/SAE 4140 · EN 42CrMo4 · GB 42CrMo
Cold rolled flats/strip with good surface and tolerance, usually hardened after blanking.
Values for the CR condition
Other EN19 tempers and conditions
EN19 is listed in 12 conditions; see the grade overview at EN19.
Compare all 12 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
full/spheroidise annealed, softest condition | Pick for heavy machining, deep drilling or cold forming before final hardening. | 417 | 655 | 25.7 | 197 HB | — |
HRDefault Hot rolled | Cheapest stock form for parts that will be machined all over and then heat treated. | 520 | 800 | 18 | 22 HRC | — |
CRThis page Cold rolled | Cold rolled flats/strip with good surface and tolerance, usually hardened after blanking. | 580 | 720 | 15 | 17 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Close tolerance bright bar for shafts and studs machined without further heat treatment. | 635 | 745 | 14 | 223 HB | — |
air cooled from ~870 °C | Uniform fine-grain structure for weld fabrications and parts not needing full Q&T strength. | 655 | 1,020 | 17.7 | 31 HRC | — |
Condition T | Lowest BS 970 tempered class — maximum toughness and easiest machining of the Q&T range. | 720 | 920 | 16 | 28 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Quenched and tempered | Standard supplied condition for shafts and gear blanks — good strength/toughness balance and still machinable. | 830 | 1,000 | 14 | 30 HRC | — |
Condition V | Higher-strength shafting and high-tensile fasteners where toughness is still needed. | 900 | 1,075 | 14 | 34 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Solution heat treated (unstable) | For highly loaded axles, connecting rods and studs in moderate sections. | 990 | 1,150 | 13 | 36 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Condition X | High-strength class for smaller sections; toughness starts to fall away. | 1,050 | 1,225 | 12 | 40 HRC | 7.7 % IACS |
Condition Y | Very high strength small-section parts; grinding usually replaces turning. | 1,130 | 1,300 | 11 | 42 HRC | 7.7 % IACS |
Condition Z | Maximum-strength low-temper class for small highly stressed parts; low ductility and notch sensitivity. | 1,300 | 1,600 | 7 | 48 HRC | — |
What is EN19-CR?
EN19-CR is EN19 supplied in the CR condition — cold rolled flats/strip with good surface and tolerance, usually hardened after blanking. EN19-CR has a yield strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 720 MPa (104 ksi) — stronger than 75% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi). EN19-CR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,416°C (2,581 °F). HR is the default condition FabDigit quotes; CR is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 70/100, better than 87% of steel grades
- High strength — 580 MPa (84.1 ksi), better than 75% of steel grades
EN19-CR properties
Typical room-temperature values for EN19-CR; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are EN19 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
EN19-CR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,416°C (2,581 °F).
Mechanical16
EN19-CR has a yield strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 720 MPa (104 ksi) — stronger than 75% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
EN19-CR is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 42.6 W/m·K (24.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 51% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.3 µm/m·K (6.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
EN19-CR conducts electricity at 7.8 % IACS, worse than 57% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of EN19-CR takes about 31 MJ of energy and emits 2.3 kg of CO₂ — more than 64% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
EN19-CR's machinability is good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades); weldability fair (40/100); formability fair (35/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with EN19-CR
Is EN19 easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed or ≤32 HRC Q&T state with carbide at 100–160 m/min; above 40 HRC use CBN/ceramic or grind.
Can EN19 be welded?
Weldable with low-hydrogen consumables but requires 250–350 °C preheat, controlled interpass and immediate post-weld temper to avoid HAZ cracking.
Can EN19 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100–1200 °C then normalise; cold bending only in the annealed condition with generous radii.
What surface finishes work on EN19?
No anodising — protect with zinc/manganese phosphate, black oxide, zinc or hard chrome plating, or nitride (up to ~600 HV) for wear surfaces.
EN19 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.36 – 0.44 | 0.4 |
| Si | 0.1 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.65 – 1 | 0.85 |
| Cr | 0.9 – 1.2 | 1.05 |
| Mo | 0.25 – 0.35 | 0.3 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| Smax; 709M40 fine-machining variants allow 0.015–0.035 | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| Fe | balance | — |
EN19-CR — frequently asked
What is EN19-CR used for?
EN19-CR is typically used for drive shafts, crankshafts and industrial bolts. In short: workhorse Q&T English bar.
What is the yield strength of EN19-CR?
EN19-CR has a typical yield strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 720 MPa (104 ksi) — stronger than 75% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 12 listed tempers.
Is EN19-CR easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades). Machine in the annealed or ≤32 HRC Q&T state with carbide at 100–160 m/min; above 40 HRC use CBN/ceramic or grind.
Can EN19-CR be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (40/100). Weldable with low-hydrogen consumables but requires 250–350 °C preheat, controlled interpass and immediate post-weld temper to avoid HAZ cracking.
What surface finishes work on EN19-CR?
No anodising — protect with zinc/manganese phosphate, black oxide, zinc or hard chrome plating, or nitride (up to ~600 HV) for wear surfaces.
Can EN19-CR be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100–1200 °C then normalise; cold bending only in the annealed condition with generous radii.
What is the maximum service temperature of EN19-CR?
EN19-CR is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between EN19-HR and EN19-Z?
HR is the default condition — cheapest stock form for parts that will be machined all over and then heat treated. Z: maximum-strength low-temper class for small highly stressed parts; low ductility and notch sensitivity. Yield strength is 520 MPa in HR versus 1,300 MPa in Z.
Can FabDigit make parts in EN19-CR?
Yes — EN19-CR is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- BS 970-1: Wrought steels — 709M40 (EN19) — BSI (1991)
- EN 10083-3: Quenched and tempered steels — 42CrMo4 — CEN (2006)
- GB/T 3077 — 42CrMo — SAC (2015)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1: Properties and Selection — Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Machining Data Handbook — ASM International (1980)
- Alloy steel 42CrMo4/4140 bar datasheet — Böhler / Ovako (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.