Stainless Steel X108CrMo17
EN X108CrMo17 · UNS S44004
X108CrMo17 (1.3543) is a high-carbon Cr-Mo martensitic stainless bearing steel with chemistry equivalent to AISI 440C / S44004.
Reference datasheet — X108CrMo17 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the A condition
X108CrMo17 tempers and conditions
X108CrMo17 is supplied in 6 conditions, soft to hard. A is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ADefault Solution annealed | Standard stocked bar/wire condition for machining, cold work and subsequent hardening. | 450 | 760 | 14 | 235 HB | — |
cold drawn (annealed then drawn), bright bar/wire | Bright close-tolerance bar and ball/wire feedstock; slightly harder and straighter than +A. | 700 | 900 | 8 | 28 HRC | 2.9 % IACS |
Hardened + tempered 400–500 °C, 50–54 HRC | Used only where higher operating temperature or stress relief matters — corrosion resistance and toughness are reduced by carbide precipitation. | 1,550 | 1,700 | 4 | 52 HRC | — |
Hardened + tempered 200–300 °C, 55–57 HRC | Slightly tougher, more dimensionally stable condition for shafts, valve seats and knife blades. | 1,750 | 1,860 | 3 | 56 HRC | — |
Hardened + tempered 150–180 °C, 58–60 HRC | The standard bearing/ball condition: 1010–1070 °C austenitize, oil/gas quench, low temper — max hardness with best corrosion resistance. | 1,900 | 1,970 | 2 | 59 HRC | — |
Hardened + deep-frozen (−80 °C) + tempered, 60–62 HRC | Sub-zero treatment removes retained austenite for maximum hardness and dimensional stability in precision balls and gauges. | 1,950 | 2,030 | 1.5 | 61 HRC | — |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways X108CrMo17 is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
U | +U | Coating |
What is X108CrMo17?
X108CrMo17 (1.3543) is a high-carbon Cr-Mo martensitic stainless bearing steel with chemistry equivalent to AISI 440C / S44004. It is used for corrosion-resistant bearings, precision balls and roller elements, and pump and valve wear parts, supplied annealed (A), untreated (U), cold-drawn (C) and in QT52–QT58 or DCT60 conditions; the default condition gives 450 MPa yield, 760 MPa tensile, 14 % elongation and 235 HB, with service to 400 °C. Machinability (index 35, about 40 % of 1212) and formability (20) are low and it is effectively non-weldable. X65Cr14 is the nearest alternative when peak hardness is not required. X108CrMo17 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,370°C (2,498 °F). X108CrMo17 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 14% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
What is X108CrMo17 used for?
- stainless bearings
- ball/roller elements
- pump and valve wear parts
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 85/100, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 24.2 W/m·K (14 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Difficult to weld — 15/100, worse than 98% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 45 MPa·√m (41 ksi·√in), worse than 95% of stainless steel grades
- Needs corrosion protection — 40/100, worse than 93% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 14%, worse than 91% of stainless steel grades
- Limited formability — 20/100, worse than 86% of stainless steel grades
X108CrMo17 properties
Typical room-temperature values for X108CrMo17-A; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
X108CrMo17 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,370°C (2,498 °F).
Mechanical16
X108CrMo17 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 14% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
X108CrMo17 is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 24.2 W/m·K (14 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.2 µm/m·K (5.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
X108CrMo17 conducts electricity at 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (40/100), worse than 93% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of X108CrMo17 takes about 58 MJ of energy and emits 5.4 kg of CO₂ — more than 66% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 45%.
Manufacturability7
X108CrMo17's machinability is fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades); weldability poor (15/100); formability poor (20/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. X108CrMo17 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with X108CrMo17
Is X108CrMo17 easy to machine?
Machine only in the soft-annealed condition with rigid setups, sharp carbide tooling and generous coolant (~40 % of 1212); after hardening to 58–60 HRC only grinding, honing, lapping or EDM are practical.
Can X108CrMo17 be welded?
Effectively non-weldable for structural joints — if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, use a matching or 309/312 filler and full post-weld anneal or re-hardening to avoid martensite cracking.
Can X108CrMo17 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forming is limited to gentle operations on annealed stock; hot forge at 1050–1150 °C, finish above 900 °C and cool slowly in furnace, then spheroidize anneal at 850–900 °C to ≤255 HB.
X108CrMo17 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Chigh carbon gives primary Cr-carbides and ~60 HRC | 0.95 – 1.2 | 1.08 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.45 |
| Pbearing quality often ≤0.025 | ≤ 0.04 | |
| Sbearing quality often ≤0.015 | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Cr | 16 – 18 | 17 |
| Mo | 0.4 – 0.8 | 0.55 |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.5 | |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on X108CrMo17?
Harden at 1010–1070 °C with oil/gas quench, optional −80 °C sub-zero, temper 150–180 °C; passivate in nitric or citric acid after machining, and mirror-polish or superfinish for bearing and ball surfaces (hard chrome or PVD for extra wear).
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Organic Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Stainless Steel X108CrMo17 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- S44004
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.3543
How much does X108CrMo17 cost?
X108CrMo17 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
X108CrMo17 — frequently asked
What is X108CrMo17 used for?
X108CrMo17 is typically used for stainless bearings, ball/roller elements and pump and valve wear parts. In short: european 440C equivalent; highest-hardness stainless bearing steel; grind or EDM after hardening.
What is the yield strength of X108CrMo17?
X108CrMo17 has a typical yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is X108CrMo17 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades). Machine only in the soft-annealed condition with rigid setups, sharp carbide tooling and generous coolant (~40 % of 1212); after hardening to 58–60 HRC only grinding, honing, lapping or EDM are practical.
Can X108CrMo17 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (15/100). Effectively non-weldable for structural joints — if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, use a matching or 309/312 filler and full post-weld anneal or re-hardening to avoid martensite cracking.
What surface finishes work on X108CrMo17?
Harden at 1010–1070 °C with oil/gas quench, optional −80 °C sub-zero, temper 150–180 °C; passivate in nitric or citric acid after machining, and mirror-polish or superfinish for bearing and ball surfaces (hard chrome or PVD for extra wear).
Can X108CrMo17 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forming is limited to gentle operations on annealed stock; hot forge at 1050–1150 °C, finish above 900 °C and cool slowly in furnace, then spheroidize anneal at 850–900 °C to ≤255 HB.
What is the maximum service temperature of X108CrMo17?
X108CrMo17 is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between X108CrMo17-A and X108CrMo17 DCT60?
A is the default condition — standard stocked bar/wire condition for machining, cold work and subsequent hardening. DCT60: sub-zero treatment removes retained austenite for maximum hardness and dimensional stability in precision balls and gauges. Yield strength is 450 MPa in A versus 1,950 MPa in DCT60.
How much does X108CrMo17 cost?
X108CrMo17 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ISO 683-17 Heat-treatable steels — Ball and roller bearing steels — ISO (2014)
- DIN 17230 Wälzlagerstähle (X108CrMo17, 1.3543) — DIN (1980)
- ASTM A276 / A756 / UNS S44004 (AISI 440C) — ASTM (2017)
- ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels — ASM International (1994)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Martensitic stainless bearing steel 1.3543/440C datasheet — Ovako / Böhler / Sandvik (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.