Stainless Steel 95Kh18
EN 95Kh18 · AISI/SAE 440C
95Kh18 is a high-carbon, 18% chromium martensitic stainless steel corresponding to AISI 440C, strengthened by martensite plus a dense chromium-carbide dispersion.
Reference datasheet — 95Kh18 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the ANN condition
95Kh18 tempers and conditions
95Kh18 is supplied in 7 conditions, soft to hard. ANN is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ANNDefault Annealed | Standard stocked bar/plate condition for machining before hardening. | 450 | 760 | 13 | 25 HRC | — |
Annealed + cold drawn / cold rolled bar | Pick for close-tolerance ground/drawn bar where slightly higher as-supplied strength and better surface are wanted. | 650 | 880 | 9 | 29 HRC | 2.9 % IACS |
hardened, tempered 500–560 °C (toughened) | Use when a little more toughness/ductility is needed than peak hardness; accept lower wear and reduced corrosion resistance from carbide re-precipitation. | 1,550 | 1,750 | 4 | 53 HRC | — |
hardened 1010–1070 °C, tempered 250–350 °C | Balanced bearing/knife condition when slightly better toughness than 58–60 HRC is preferred. | 1,750 | 1,880 | 3 | 56 HRC | — |
hardened 1010–1070 °C, oil/air quench, tempered 150–180 °C | Standard maximum-hardness service condition for stainless rolling-element bearings, cutlery and wear parts. | 1,900 | 1,970 | 2 | 59 HRC | — |
As-quenched | Interim state only — must be tempered/stress-relieved promptly; brittle and prone to quench cracking. | 1,900 | 2,050 | 1 | 61 HRC | 2.7 % IACS |
Hardened + sub-zero (cryogenic) treated + tempered, 60–62 HRC | Choose for precision bearings and gauges: deep-freeze converts retained austenite for maximum hardness and dimensional stability. | 1,950 | 2,050 | 1.5 | 61 HRC | — |
What is 95Kh18?
95Kh18 is a high-carbon, 18% chromium martensitic stainless steel corresponding to AISI 440C, strengthened by martensite plus a dense chromium-carbide dispersion. It is specified where maximum hardness and wear resistance are needed in a stainless steel — bearings, cutlery and precision instruments — and is stocked as annealed or annealed cold-drawn bar, or heat treated to 52–54, 55–57, 58–60 and cryogenically treated 60–62 HRC. Annealed values are 450 MPa yield, 760 MPa tensile, 13% elongation and 255 HB (25 HRC), with service to 425 °C. Corrosion resistance is modest (score 33) and the steel is effectively non-weldable; where toughness matters more than hardness, use 40Kh13/420. 95Kh18 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,370°C (2,498 °F). 95Kh18 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 13% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
What is 95Kh18 used for?
- bearings
- cutlery
- precision instruments
- surgical blades
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 80/100, better than 89% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 24 W/m·K (13.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 81% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 33/100, worse than 98% of stainless steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 20/100, worse than 95% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 13%, worse than 93% of stainless steel grades
- Limited formability — 25/100, worse than 78% of stainless steel grades
95Kh18 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 95Kh18-ANN; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
95Kh18 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,370°C (2,498 °F).
Mechanical16
95Kh18 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 13% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
95Kh18 is rated for continuous service to 425°C (797 °F). It conducts heat at 24 W/m·K (13.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 81% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.2 µm/m·K (5.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
95Kh18 conducts electricity at 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (33/100), worse than 98% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 95Kh18 takes about 55 MJ of energy and emits 4.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 50% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.
Manufacturability7
95Kh18's machinability is fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades); weldability poor (20/100); formability poor (25/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. 95Kh18 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 95Kh18
Is 95Kh18 easy to machine?
Machine only in the annealed state with rigid setups, sharp coated carbide, low-to-moderate speed and heavy positive rake; the Cr-carbides are abrasive, so expect ~40 % of 1212 and finish hardened parts by grinding/EDM.
Can 95Kh18 be welded?
Effectively non-weldable for structural joints — high carbon gives hard, crack-sensitive HAZ; if unavoidable, preheat 200–300 °C, use austenitic or Ni filler and full post-weld anneal.
Can 95Kh18 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forming limited to gentle bends on annealed thin stock; hot work 1100–850 °C followed by slow cooling and a full anneal to avoid quench cracks.
95Kh18 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CGOST 5632; AISI 440C allows 0.95–1.20 | 0.9 – 1 | 0.95 |
| Cr | 17 – 19 | 18 |
| Si | ≤ 0.8 | 0.4 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.7 | 0.4 |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.6 | |
| Moresidual in 95Kh18; 440C permits ≤0.75, 95Kh18-Sh/9Cr18Mo variants add Mo intentionally | ≤ 0.3 | |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.3 | |
| Tiresidual | ≤ 0.2 | |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 95Kh18?
Passivate per ASTM A967 after grinding to restore the chromium oxide film; polishes to a mirror finish when hardened, and accepts hard chrome, electroless nickel or PVD (TiN/CrN) coatings applied below the tempering temperature.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Organic Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Stainless Steel 95Kh18 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- AISI / SAE
- 440C
How much does 95Kh18 cost?
95Kh18 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
95Kh18 — frequently asked
What is 95Kh18 used for?
95Kh18 is typically used for bearings, cutlery, precision instruments and surgical blades. In short: highest-hardness stainless grade; bearing-grade wear resistance; effectively non-weldable.
What is the yield strength of 95Kh18?
95Kh18 has a typical yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is 95Kh18 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades). Machine only in the annealed state with rigid setups, sharp coated carbide, low-to-moderate speed and heavy positive rake; the Cr-carbides are abrasive, so expect ~40 % of 1212 and finish hardened parts by grinding/EDM.
Can 95Kh18 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (20/100). Effectively non-weldable for structural joints — high carbon gives hard, crack-sensitive HAZ; if unavoidable, preheat 200–300 °C, use austenitic or Ni filler and full post-weld anneal.
What surface finishes work on 95Kh18?
Passivate per ASTM A967 after grinding to restore the chromium oxide film; polishes to a mirror finish when hardened, and accepts hard chrome, electroless nickel or PVD (TiN/CrN) coatings applied below the tempering temperature.
Can 95Kh18 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forming limited to gentle bends on annealed thin stock; hot work 1100–850 °C followed by slow cooling and a full anneal to avoid quench cracks.
What is the maximum service temperature of 95Kh18?
95Kh18 is rated for continuous use to about 425°C (797 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 95Kh18-ANN and 95Kh18 HARD-UT?
ANN is the default condition — standard stocked bar/plate condition for machining before hardening. HARD-UT: interim state only — must be tempered/stress-relieved promptly; brittle and prone to quench cracking. Yield strength is 450 MPa in ANN versus 1,900 MPa in HARD-UT.
How much does 95Kh18 cost?
95Kh18 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- GOST 5632-2014 — Stainless steels and corrosion-, heat- and creep-resisting alloys (95Х18) — Rosstandart (2014)
- ASTM A276/A276M — Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes (Type 440C) — ASTM International (2017)
- GB/T 1220 — Stainless steel bars (9Cr18, 9Cr18Mo) — SAC (2007)
- ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels — ASM International (1994)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Machinery's Handbook (machinability and heat-treat data) — Industrial Press (2020)
- 440C / X105CrMo17 bearing and knife steel datasheet — Böhler / Sandvik (2021)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.