Stainless Steel X108CrMo17 DCT60
Heat-treated state
EN X108CrMo17 · UNS S44004
DCT60 = hardened + deep-frozen (−80 °C) + tempered, 60–62 HRC
Sub-zero treatment removes retained austenite for maximum hardness and dimensional stability in precision balls and gauges.
Values for the DCT60 condition
Other X108CrMo17 tempers and conditions
X108CrMo17 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at X108CrMo17.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ADefault Solution annealed | Standard stocked bar/wire condition for machining, cold work and subsequent hardening. | 450 | 760 | 14 | 235 HB | — |
cold drawn (annealed then drawn), bright bar/wire | Bright close-tolerance bar and ball/wire feedstock; slightly harder and straighter than +A. | 700 | 900 | 8 | 28 HRC | 2.9 % IACS |
Hardened + tempered 400–500 °C, 50–54 HRC | Used only where higher operating temperature or stress relief matters — corrosion resistance and toughness are reduced by carbide precipitation. | 1,550 | 1,700 | 4 | 52 HRC | — |
Hardened + tempered 200–300 °C, 55–57 HRC | Slightly tougher, more dimensionally stable condition for shafts, valve seats and knife blades. | 1,750 | 1,860 | 3 | 56 HRC | — |
Hardened + tempered 150–180 °C, 58–60 HRC | The standard bearing/ball condition: 1010–1070 °C austenitize, oil/gas quench, low temper — max hardness with best corrosion resistance. | 1,900 | 1,970 | 2 | 59 HRC | — |
DCT60This page Hardened + deep-frozen (−80 °C) + tempered, 60–62 HRC | Sub-zero treatment removes retained austenite for maximum hardness and dimensional stability in precision balls and gauges. | 1,950 | 2,030 | 1.5 | 61 HRC | — |
What is X108CrMo17 DCT60?
X108CrMo17 DCT60 is X108CrMo17 heat treated to DCT60 — sub-zero treatment removes retained austenite for maximum hardness and dimensional stability in precision balls and gauges. X108CrMo17 DCT60 has a yield strength of 1,950 MPa (283 ksi) and a tensile strength of 2,030 MPa (294 ksi) — stronger than 100% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 1.5% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). X108CrMo17 DCT60 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,370°C (2,498 °F). A is the default condition FabDigit quotes; DCT60 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 1,950 MPa (283 ksi), better than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 92/100, better than 100% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 24.2 W/m·K (14 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 1.5%, worse than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 20 MPa·√m (18.2 ksi·√in), worse than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 180°C (356 °F), worse than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 5/100, worse than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 15/100, worse than 98% of stainless steel grades
X108CrMo17 DCT60 properties
Typical room-temperature values for X108CrMo17 DCT60; 12 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are X108CrMo17 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
X108CrMo17 DCT60 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,370°C (2,498 °F).
Mechanical16
X108CrMo17 DCT60 has a yield strength of 1,950 MPa (283 ksi) and a tensile strength of 2,030 MPa (294 ksi) — stronger than 100% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 1.5% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
X108CrMo17 DCT60 is rated for continuous service to 180°C (356 °F). It conducts heat at 24.2 W/m·K (14 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.2 µm/m·K (5.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
X108CrMo17 DCT60 conducts electricity at 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (52/100), worse than 76% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of X108CrMo17 DCT60 takes about 58 MJ of energy and emits 5.4 kg of CO₂ — more than 66% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 45%.
Manufacturability7
X108CrMo17 DCT60's machinability is not recommended (5/100, worse than 100% of stainless steel grades); weldability poor (15/100); formability poor (20/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with X108CrMo17 DCT60
Is X108CrMo17 easy to machine?
Machine only in the soft-annealed condition with rigid setups, sharp carbide tooling and generous coolant (~40 % of 1212); after hardening to 58–60 HRC only grinding, honing, lapping or EDM are practical.
Can X108CrMo17 be welded?
Effectively non-weldable for structural joints — if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, use a matching or 309/312 filler and full post-weld anneal or re-hardening to avoid martensite cracking.
Can X108CrMo17 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forming is limited to gentle operations on annealed stock; hot forge at 1050–1150 °C, finish above 900 °C and cool slowly in furnace, then spheroidize anneal at 850–900 °C to ≤255 HB.
What surface finishes work on X108CrMo17?
Harden at 1010–1070 °C with oil/gas quench, optional −80 °C sub-zero, temper 150–180 °C; passivate in nitric or citric acid after machining, and mirror-polish or superfinish for bearing and ball surfaces (hard chrome or PVD for extra wear).
X108CrMo17 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Chigh carbon gives primary Cr-carbides and ~60 HRC | 0.95 – 1.2 | 1.08 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.45 |
| Pbearing quality often ≤0.025 | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| Sbearing quality often ≤0.015 | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Cr | 16 – 18 | 17 |
| Mo | 0.4 – 0.8 | 0.55 |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.5 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
X108CrMo17 DCT60 — frequently asked
What is X108CrMo17 DCT60 used for?
X108CrMo17 DCT60 is typically used for stainless bearings, ball/roller elements and pump and valve wear parts. In short: european 440C equivalent; highest-hardness stainless bearing steel; grind or EDM after hardening.
What is the yield strength of X108CrMo17 DCT60?
X108CrMo17 DCT60 has a typical yield strength of 1,950 MPa (283 ksi) and a tensile strength of 2,030 MPa (294 ksi) — stronger than 100% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is X108CrMo17 DCT60 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (5/100, worse than 100% of stainless steel grades). Machine only in the soft-annealed condition with rigid setups, sharp carbide tooling and generous coolant (~40 % of 1212); after hardening to 58–60 HRC only grinding, honing, lapping or EDM are practical.
Can X108CrMo17 DCT60 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (15/100). Effectively non-weldable for structural joints — if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, use a matching or 309/312 filler and full post-weld anneal or re-hardening to avoid martensite cracking.
What surface finishes work on X108CrMo17 DCT60?
Harden at 1010–1070 °C with oil/gas quench, optional −80 °C sub-zero, temper 150–180 °C; passivate in nitric or citric acid after machining, and mirror-polish or superfinish for bearing and ball surfaces (hard chrome or PVD for extra wear).
Can X108CrMo17 DCT60 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forming is limited to gentle operations on annealed stock; hot forge at 1050–1150 °C, finish above 900 °C and cool slowly in furnace, then spheroidize anneal at 850–900 °C to ≤255 HB.
What is the maximum service temperature of X108CrMo17 DCT60?
X108CrMo17 DCT60 is rated for continuous use to about 180°C (356 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between X108CrMo17-A and X108CrMo17 DCT60?
A is the default condition — standard stocked bar/wire condition for machining, cold work and subsequent hardening. DCT60: sub-zero treatment removes retained austenite for maximum hardness and dimensional stability in precision balls and gauges. Yield strength is 450 MPa in A versus 1,950 MPa in DCT60.
Sources
- ISO 683-17 Heat-treatable steels — Ball and roller bearing steels — ISO (2014)
- DIN 17230 Wälzlagerstähle (X108CrMo17, 1.3543) — DIN (1980)
- ASTM A276 / A756 / UNS S44004 (AISI 440C) — ASTM (2017)
- ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels — ASM International (1994)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Martensitic stainless bearing steel 1.3543/440C datasheet — Ovako / Böhler / Sandvik (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.