Stainless Steel X47Cr14
EN X47Cr14
X47Cr14 (1.3541, close to UNS S42000) is a European high-carbon 13–14 % Cr martensitic stainless bearing steel of 420-type chemistry, supplied annealed (+A), cold drawn (+C) and in a range of quench-and-temper conditions from +QT160 to +QT650.
Reference datasheet — X47Cr14 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +A condition
X47Cr14 tempers and conditions
X47Cr14 is supplied in 9 conditions, soft to hard. +A is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 9 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+ADefault Annealed | Standard stocked delivery condition for machining of bearing rings and components before hardening. | 450 | 740 | 18 | 225 HB | — |
Cold drawn | Precision-dimension annealed bar for automatic-lathe production of small shafts, valve parts and rollers. | 600 | 820 | 12 | 24 HRC | 3.1 % IACS |
Hardened and tempered 620–680 °C, 30–36 HRC / ~1000 MPa | High-toughness structural condition for shafts and fasteners where full hardness is not required. | 800 | 1,050 | 11 | 33 HRC | — |
Hardened and tempered ~500 °C, 46–49 HRC | Used only where elevated-temperature hardness retention is needed; corrosion resistance is degraded by carbide precipitation. | 1,350 | 1,550 | 6 | 47 HRC | 3 % IACS |
Hardened and tempered ~350 °C, 49–52 HRC | Compromise temper for tooling and pump parts needing more toughness than 55 HRC; corrosion resistance starts to drop. | 1,450 | 1,700 | 5 | 50 HRC | 2.9 % IACS |
Hardened and tempered ~250 °C, 54–56 HRC | Slightly tougher than the standard bearing temper for knives, valve seats and shafts with impact loading. | 1,550 | 1,850 | 3 | 55 HRC | — |
Hardened and tempered 150–180 °C, 57–59 HRC | The rolling-bearing service condition: maximum hardness, wear resistance and best corrosion resistance. | 1,650 | 1,980 | 2 | 58 HRC | — |
As quenched | Intermediate condition only — maximum hardness but retained austenite and quench stresses; always temper. | 1,700 | 2,050 | 1 | 58 HRC | 2.8 % IACS |
Hardened + deep freeze (−75 °C) + tempered/stabilised, ≥58 HRC | Choose when dimensional stability of bearing rings/gauge parts matters — retained austenite transformed by sub-zero treatment. | 1,750 | 2,050 | 1.5 | 59 HRC | 2.8 % IACS |
What is X47Cr14?
X47Cr14 (1.3541, close to UNS S42000) is a European high-carbon 13–14 % Cr martensitic stainless bearing steel of 420-type chemistry, supplied annealed (+A), cold drawn (+C) and in a range of quench-and-temper conditions from +QT160 to +QT650. It is used for corrosion-resistant rolling-element bearings and precision components; the default annealed condition is about 450 MPa yield, 740 MPa tensile, 18 % elongation and 225 HB (98 HRB), with service to 400 °C. The high carbon makes it poorly weldable, restricts forming (score 30) and keeps corrosion resistance at 38, so specify X105CrMo17/440C where higher hardness and wear life are needed. X47Cr14 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F). X47Cr14 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 740 MPa (107 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 215 GPa (31.2 Msi).
What is X47Cr14 used for?
- Stainless rolling-element bearing rings and balls
- Corrosion-resistant precision components
- Pump and valve wear parts
- Bushings and pivot pins
- Cutting and slitting components
- Instrument shafts and spindles
- Food and medical equipment bearings
Advantages
- Conducts heat well — 30 W/m·K (17.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 99% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 3.1 % IACS, better than 99% of stainless steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 85/100, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 3.2 kg CO₂/kg, better than 95% of stainless steel grades
- Easy to machine — 45/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 38/100, worse than 95% of stainless steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 20/100, worse than 95% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 60 MPa·√m (54.6 ksi·√in), worse than 88% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 18%, worse than 83% of stainless steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 400°C (752 °F), worse than 78% of stainless steel grades
X47Cr14 properties
Typical room-temperature values for X47Cr14-+A; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
X47Cr14 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F).
Mechanical16
X47Cr14 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 740 MPa (107 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 215 GPa (31.2 Msi).
Thermal6
X47Cr14 is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 30 W/m·K (17.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 99% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.5 µm/m·K (5.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
X47Cr14 conducts electricity at 3.1 % IACS, better than 99% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (38/100), worse than 95% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of X47Cr14 takes about 40 MJ of energy and emits 3.2 kg of CO₂ — less than 97% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 55%.
Manufacturability8
X47Cr14's machinability is fair (45/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades); weldability poor (20/100); formability poor (30/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. X47Cr14 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with X47Cr14
Is X47Cr14 easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed (≤255 HB) condition with sharp carbide tooling, rigid setups, moderate speed and heavy positive rake to avoid work hardening; after hardening only grinding, hard turning with CBN or EDM is practical.
Can X47Cr14 be welded?
Poor weldability — high carbon martensitic; if unavoidable use matching or austenitic filler, 250–350 °C preheat, and temper immediately after welding, otherwise cold cracking is likely.
Can X47Cr14 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot form 1100–850 °C followed by slow cooling and a 750–800 °C spheroidise anneal; cold forming limited to gentle bending of annealed thin sections.
X47Cr14 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Chigh carbon for through-hardening to ≥58 HRC | 0.43 – 0.5 | 0.47 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Pbearing quality often ≤0.025 | ≤ 0.04 | |
| Sbearing quality often ≤0.015 | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Crgives passivity; part is tied up as M23C6/M7C3 carbides | 12.5 – 14.5 | 13.5 |
| Moresidual/optional per ISO 683-17 | ≤ 0.75 | |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.5 | |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on X47Cr14?
Harden, temper low, then grind/lap and passivate (nitric or citric acid, ASTM A967) for peak corrosion resistance; hard chrome, electroless nickel or PVD coatings are applied below the tempering temperature.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Organic Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Stainless Steel X47Cr14 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.3541
- Similar grades
- S42000
How much does X47Cr14 cost?
X47Cr14 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
X47Cr14 — frequently asked
What is X47Cr14 used for?
X47Cr14 is typically used for stainless rolling-element bearing rings and balls, corrosion-resistant precision components, pump and valve wear parts, bushings and pivot pins, cutting and slitting components and instrument shafts and spindles. In short: stainless bearing steel; hardenable 420-type chemistry; wide temper range on file.
What is the yield strength of X47Cr14?
X47Cr14 has a typical yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 740 MPa (107 ksi) — stronger than 70% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 9 listed tempers.
Is X47Cr14 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (45/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades). Machine in the annealed (≤255 HB) condition with sharp carbide tooling, rigid setups, moderate speed and heavy positive rake to avoid work hardening; after hardening only grinding, hard turning with CBN or EDM is practical.
Can X47Cr14 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (20/100). Poor weldability — high carbon martensitic; if unavoidable use matching or austenitic filler, 250–350 °C preheat, and temper immediately after welding, otherwise cold cracking is likely.
What surface finishes work on X47Cr14?
Harden, temper low, then grind/lap and passivate (nitric or citric acid, ASTM A967) for peak corrosion resistance; hard chrome, electroless nickel or PVD coatings are applied below the tempering temperature.
Can X47Cr14 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot form 1100–850 °C followed by slow cooling and a 750–800 °C spheroidise anneal; cold forming limited to gentle bending of annealed thin sections.
What is the maximum service temperature of X47Cr14?
X47Cr14 is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does X47Cr14 cost?
X47Cr14 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ISO 683-17 Heat-treatable steels — Ball and roller bearing steels — ISO (2014)
- DIN 17230 Wälzlagerstähle (superseded, material no. 1.3541) — DIN (1980)
- EN 10088-1/-3 Stainless steels — physical and bar properties (1.4034 analogue) — CEN (2014)
- ASTM A276 / UNS S42000 stainless bar — ASTM (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Martensitic stainless bearing steel datasheets (Ovako / Sandvik / Böhler N685-class) — various producers (2022)
- SMM / Mysteel ; 1688 4Cr13/420 (2025)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.