Stainless Steel 1.4935
EN 1.4935
1.4935 (X20CrMoWV12-1) is the tungsten-alloyed variant of the 12% Cr martensitic creep-resisting family, offering higher creep strength than 1.4923 for components running above 550 °C.
Reference datasheet — 1.4935 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +QT800 condition
1.4935 tempers and conditions
1.4935 is supplied in 4 conditions, soft to hard. +QT800 is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Pick for rough machining, cold straightening or further hot work before final quench-and-temper. | 480 | 720 | 20 | 20 HRC | — |
Quenched and tempered, Rm 700–850 MPa class | Higher-tempered condition: pick when toughness and long-term creep ductility at 550–600 °C matter more than room-temperature strength. | 560 | 770 | 18 | 22 HRC | — |
+QT800Default Quenched and tempered, Rm 800–950 MPa class | Standard supply condition for turbine blades, rotors and high-temperature bolting: best balance of creep strength, yield strength and 27 J minimum toughness. | 660 | 865 | 16 | 26 HRC | — |
Quenched and tempered, Rm 900–1050 MPa class | Lower-tempered, highest-strength condition used mainly for pressure-vessel and turbine bolting per EN 10269; toughness and relaxation margins are tighter. | 760 | 960 | 14 | 31 HRC | — |
What is 1.4935?
1.4935 (X20CrMoWV12-1) is the tungsten-alloyed variant of the 12% Cr martensitic creep-resisting family, offering higher creep strength than 1.4923 for components running above 550 °C. Supplied as forgings and bar in +A, +QT700, +QT800 and +QT900, the default condition gives 660 MPa yield, 865 MPa tensile, 16% elongation and 265 HB (26 HRC) with service to 600 °C. Machinability (33), weldability (28) and formability (18) are all low, and corrosion resistance (45) covers hot steam rather than aqueous exposure. Use 1.4923 where the extra creep margin is not needed. 1.4935 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). 1.4935 has a yield strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 865 MPa (125 ksi) — stronger than 91% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 216 GPa (31.3 Msi).
What is 1.4935 used for?
- Steam turbine blades
- High-pressure turbine rotors
- High-temperature bolting
- Power generation forgings
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 3.2 kg CO₂/kg, better than 95% of stainless steel grades
- High strength — 660 MPa (95.7 ksi), better than 91% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 24 W/m·K (13.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 81% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Difficult to weld — 28/100, worse than 90% of stainless steel grades
- Limited formability — 18/100, worse than 89% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 16%, worse than 88% of stainless steel grades
- Needs corrosion protection — 45/100, worse than 85% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 80 MPa·√m (72.8 ksi·√in), worse than 79% of stainless steel grades
1.4935 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4935-+QT800; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4935 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical16
1.4935 has a yield strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 865 MPa (125 ksi) — stronger than 91% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 216 GPa (31.3 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4935 is rated for continuous service to 600°C (1,112 °F). It conducts heat at 24 W/m·K (13.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 81% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.5 µm/m·K (5.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4935 conducts electricity at 2.9 % IACS, better than 87% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (45/100), worse than 85% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4935 takes about 48 MJ of energy and emits 3.2 kg of CO₂ — less than 85% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.
Manufacturability8
1.4935's machinability is poor (33/100, worse than 57% of stainless steel grades); weldability poor (28/100); formability poor (18/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. 1.4935 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 1.4935
Is 1.4935 easy to machine?
Machine in the +A or freshly tempered condition with rigid setups, positive-rake carbide and generous coolant; work-hardening and poor chip breaking make feeds low and tool wear high.
Can 1.4935 be welded?
Weldable with matching 12CrMoWV filler using 300–400 °C preheat, controlled interpass and a mandatory 730–760 °C post-weld temper; avoid cooling below Ms before PWHT to prevent cracking.
Can 1.4935 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot form/forge at 1050–1150 °C with slow controlled cooling; essentially no useful cold formability in the quenched-and-tempered state.
1.4935 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.17 – 0.23 | 0.2 |
| Si | ≤ 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Mn | 0.3 – 0.8 | 0.55 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | |
| Cr | 11 – 12.5 | 11.8 |
| Mo | 0.8 – 1.2 | 1 |
| Ni | 0.3 – 0.8 | 0.55 |
| V | 0.25 – 0.35 | 0.3 |
| Wtungsten addition distinguishes 1.4935 from 1.4922/1.4923 | 0.4 – 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 1.4935?
Passivate or fine-polish after grinding; for higher oxidation resistance above 600 °C use aluminizing or diffusion coatings — anodizing does not apply.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Organic Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Stainless Steel 1.4935 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- X20CrMoWV12-1
- Similar grades
- 1.4923
How much does 1.4935 cost?
1.4935 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
1.4935 — frequently asked
What is 1.4935 used for?
1.4935 is typically used for steam turbine blades, high-pressure turbine rotors, high-temperature bolting and power generation forgings. In short: tungsten-boosted 12Cr creep steel; 600 °C turbine service; forging and bolting grade.
What is the yield strength of 1.4935?
1.4935 has a typical yield strength of 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 865 MPa (125 ksi) — stronger than 91% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is 1.4935 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (33/100, worse than 57% of stainless steel grades). Machine in the +A or freshly tempered condition with rigid setups, positive-rake carbide and generous coolant; work-hardening and poor chip breaking make feeds low and tool wear high.
Can 1.4935 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (28/100). Weldable with matching 12CrMoWV filler using 300–400 °C preheat, controlled interpass and a mandatory 730–760 °C post-weld temper; avoid cooling below Ms before PWHT to prevent cracking.
What surface finishes work on 1.4935?
Passivate or fine-polish after grinding; for higher oxidation resistance above 600 °C use aluminizing or diffusion coatings — anodizing does not apply.
Can 1.4935 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot form/forge at 1050–1150 °C with slow controlled cooling; essentially no useful cold formability in the quenched-and-tempered state.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4935?
1.4935 is rated for continuous use to about 600°C (1,112 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does 1.4935 cost?
1.4935 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- DIN 17240 — Heat-resisting and creep-resisting steels for bolts and nuts — DIN (1976)
- EN 10302 — Creep resisting steels, nickel and cobalt alloys — CEN (2008)
- EN 10269 — Steels and nickel alloys for fasteners with specified elevated and/or low temperature properties — CEN (2013)
- EN 10088-1 — Stainless steels: list of stainless steels — CEN (2014)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- 12% Cr creep-resisting turbine steel datasheets (X20/X22 CrMoV family) — European special steel producers (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.