Stainless Steel 1.4112
EN 1.4112
1.4112 (X90CrMoV18, 440B, 9Cr18MoV) is a high-carbon chromium-molybdenum-vanadium martensitic stainless in which about 0.9 % carbon and the vanadium addition form fine carbides for wear resistance and edge holding.
Reference datasheet — 1.4112 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +A condition
1.4112 tempers and conditions
1.4112 is supplied in 7 conditions, soft to hard. +A is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+ADefault Annealed | Standard stock condition for bar, wire and blade stock — machine or blank first, then harden. | 470 | 800 | 16 | 24 HRC | — |
Annealed and cold drawn bar/wire | Pick for close-tolerance ground/drawn bar and blade wire that will still be hardened after machining. | 650 | 900 | 10 | 28 HRC | 2.7 % IACS |
Hardened + tempered ~300 °C | Higher-temper condition when a bit more toughness is wanted in valve parts or heavy tooling; corrosion resistance already reduced. | 1,500 | 1,750 | 3 | 52 HRC | — |
Hardened + tempered 500–550 °C | Only for parts needing higher temper resistance (e.g. warm-working tools); avoid where corrosion resistance matters. | 1,620 | 1,850 | 2 | 54 HRC | 2.5 % IACS |
Hardened + tempered ~200 °C | Workhorse condition for kitchen/industrial blades, surgical instruments and wear parts — good hardness with usable toughness. | 1,700 | 1,900 | 2.5 | 56 HRC | — |
Hardened + tempered 150–180 °C | Maximum practical hardness for razor blades, bearing races and edge-retention-critical cutlery; toughness is minimal. | 1,850 | 2,050 | 1.5 | 59 HRC | — |
Hardened + deep freeze + double temper | Choose when retained austenite must be minimised for dimensional stability — precision bearings, gauges and premium knives. | 1,900 | 2,100 | 1.2 | 60 HRC | — |
What is 1.4112?
1.4112 (X90CrMoV18, 440B, 9Cr18MoV) is a high-carbon chromium-molybdenum-vanadium martensitic stainless in which about 0.9 % carbon and the vanadium addition form fine carbides for wear resistance and edge holding. Annealed bar and strip machine at 470 MPa yield, 800 MPa tensile, 16 % elongation and 250 HB (24 HRC), and are then hardened to the 52, 56 or 59 HRC conditions on file, with cryogenic and 500 °C temper variants available. It is not weldable, cold forming is minimal, corrosion resistance (score 38) is below the ferritic and austenitic grades, and service tops out near 400 °C. 1.4112 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). 1.4112 has a yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 800 MPa (116 ksi) — stronger than 74% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 215 GPa (31.2 Msi).
What is 1.4112 used for?
- knives
- surgical instruments
- bearings
- cutting tools
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 80/100, better than 89% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 2.7 % IACS, better than 78% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Difficult to weld — 15/100, worse than 98% of stainless steel grades
- Needs corrosion protection — 38/100, worse than 95% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 16%, worse than 88% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 60 MPa·√m (54.6 ksi·√in), worse than 88% of stainless steel grades
- Limited formability — 20/100, worse than 86% of stainless steel grades
1.4112 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4112-+A; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4112 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
1.4112 has a yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 800 MPa (116 ksi) — stronger than 74% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 215 GPa (31.2 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4112 is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.4 µm/m·K (5.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4112 conducts electricity at 2.7 % IACS, better than 78% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (38/100), worse than 95% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4112 takes about 58 MJ of energy and emits 4.8 kg of CO₂ — more than 66% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 50%.
Manufacturability8
1.4112's machinability is fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades); weldability poor (15/100); formability poor (20/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. 1.4112 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 1.4112
Is 1.4112 easy to machine?
Machine only in the annealed condition with sharp, rigid setups, low speed and heavy positive-rake carbide (approx. 40 % of AISI 1212); after hardening, grinding or EDM is the only realistic route.
Can 1.4112 be welded?
Essentially not weldable for structural joints — if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, use matching or austenitic filler and temper immediately; high risk of quench cracking from the 0.9 %C content.
Can 1.4112 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forming is limited to gentle bends on thin annealed strip; hot work at 1050–850 °C followed by slow cooling and full spheroidise anneal.
1.4112 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CEN 10088-3 X90CrMoV18 | 0.85 – 0.95 | 0.9 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Cr | 17 – 19 | 18 |
| Mo | 0.9 – 1.3 | 1.1 |
| V | 0.07 – 0.12 | 0.1 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 1.4112?
Passivate per ASTM A967 or electropolish after final grinding; mirror polishing is excellent in the hardened state, and PVD (TiN/CrN) at ≤180 °C or hard chrome can be applied without over-tempering.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Organic Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Stainless Steel 1.4112 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
How much does 1.4112 cost?
1.4112 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
1.4112 — frequently asked
What is 1.4112 used for?
1.4112 is typically used for knives, surgical instruments, bearings and cutting tools. In short: 440B-class hardness, up to 59 HRC; vanadium carbides for edge retention; tool-grade, non-weldable stainless.
What is the yield strength of 1.4112?
1.4112 has a typical yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 800 MPa (116 ksi) — stronger than 74% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is 1.4112 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades). Machine only in the annealed condition with sharp, rigid setups, low speed and heavy positive-rake carbide (approx. 40 % of AISI 1212); after hardening, grinding or EDM is the only realistic route.
Can 1.4112 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (15/100). Essentially not weldable for structural joints — if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, use matching or austenitic filler and temper immediately; high risk of quench cracking from the 0.9 %C content.
What surface finishes work on 1.4112?
Passivate per ASTM A967 or electropolish after final grinding; mirror polishing is excellent in the hardened state, and PVD (TiN/CrN) at ≤180 °C or hard chrome can be applied without over-tempering.
Can 1.4112 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forming is limited to gentle bends on thin annealed strip; hot work at 1050–850 °C followed by slow cooling and full spheroidise anneal.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4112?
1.4112 is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1.4112 +A and 1.4112 QT-CRYO?
+A is the default condition — standard stock condition for bar, wire and blade stock — machine or blank first, then harden. QT-CRYO: choose when retained austenite must be minimised for dimensional stability — precision bearings, gauges and premium knives. Yield strength is 470 MPa in +A versus 1,900 MPa in QT-CRYO.
How much does 1.4112 cost?
1.4112 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10088-3 Stainless steels — semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire — CEN (2014)
- GB/T 1220 (9Cr18MoV) — SAC (2007)
- ASTM A276 / A756 Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes (Type 440B) — ASTM (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Böhler N685 / martensitic stainless knife steel datasheet — voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl (2021)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.