Nickel Alloy N-12M-1
UNS N30012 · ASTM A494 N-12M-1
N-12M-1 is a cast Ni-Mo alloy to ASTM A494 (UNS N30012), the casting counterpart of wrought Hastelloy B, with a molybdenum-rich, chromium-free composition for resistance to hydrochloric and other reducing acids.
Reference datasheet — N-12M-1 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the SA condition
N-12M-1 tempers and conditions
N-12M-1 is supplied in 3 conditions, soft to hard. SA is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weld repaired then re-solution annealed | Required route when castings are weld-repaired for acid service, since re-annealing removes HAZ carbides and knife-line attack susceptibility. | 365 | 565 | 8 | 15 HRC | 1.3 % IACS |
SADefault Solution annealed and quenched | Standard supply condition: solution anneal ~1095–1150 °C with rapid quench to dissolve Mo-rich carbides and maximize HCl corrosion resistance. | 370 | 585 | 10 | 14 HRC | 1.3 % IACS |
As fabricated | Only for non-critical or mild-service parts: interdendritic Mo-rich carbides remain, lowering ductility and intergranular corrosion resistance. | 380 | 540 | 6 | 215 HB | 1.2 % IACS |
What is N-12M-1?
N-12M-1 is a cast Ni-Mo alloy to ASTM A494 (UNS N30012), the casting counterpart of wrought Hastelloy B, with a molybdenum-rich, chromium-free composition for resistance to hydrochloric and other reducing acids. Solution-annealed castings give 370 MPa yield, 585 MPa tensile, 10 % elongation and about 200 HB, and are used for pump casings, valve bodies and fittings in acid service to 700 °C. The lack of chromium means it is attacked by oxidizing media and ferric or cupric ions, ductility is limited, and machinability is low (score 20). Where oxidizers can be present, the Ni-Cr-Mo grade CW-12MW is the usual alternative. N-12M-1 has a density of 9.24 g/cm³ (0.334 lb/in³), heavier than 99% of nickel alloy grades. It melts at 1,320°C (2,408 °F). N-12M-1 has a yield strength of 370 MPa (53.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 585 MPa (84.8 ksi) — weaker than 55% of nickel alloy grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 217 GPa (31.5 Msi).
What is N-12M-1 used for?
- Hydrochloric acid pump castings
- Chemical reactor valve bodies
- Impellers for non-oxidizing acid pumps
- Acid transfer pump casings and covers
- Cast fittings and elbows for HCl piping
- Agitator and mixer components in acid vessels
- Sealing and stuffing-box parts for acid service
Limitations
- Low electrical conductivity — 1.3 % IACS, worse than 97% of nickel alloy grades
- Hard to polish — 55/100, worse than 95% of nickel alloy grades
- Low fracture toughness — 60 MPa·√m (54.6 ksi·√in), worse than 91% of nickel alloy grades
- Limited ductility — 10%, worse than 85% of nickel alloy grades
- Limited formability — 15/100, worse than 81% of nickel alloy grades
N-12M-1 properties
Typical room-temperature values for N-12M-1-SA; bars are the position among nickel alloy grades.
Physical3
N-12M-1 has a density of 9.24 g/cm³ (0.334 lb/in³), heavier than 99% of nickel alloy grades. It melts at 1,320°C (2,408 °F).
Mechanical17
N-12M-1 has a yield strength of 370 MPa (53.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 585 MPa (84.8 ksi) — weaker than 55% of nickel alloy grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 217 GPa (31.5 Msi).
Thermal6
N-12M-1 is rated for continuous service to 700°C (1,292 °F). It conducts heat at 11.2 W/m·K (6.47 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 52% of nickel alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 10.3 µm/m·K (5.72 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
N-12M-1 conducts electricity at 1.3 % IACS, worse than 97% of nickel alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (75/100), worse than 63% of nickel alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of N-12M-1 takes about 155 MJ of energy and emits 13 kg of CO₂ — less than 58% of nickel alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.
Manufacturability8
N-12M-1's machinability is poor (20/100, better than 53% of nickel alloy grades); weldability fair (35/100); formability poor (15/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the nickel alloy family
Yield strength against density for every nickel alloy grade FabDigit runs. N-12M-1 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with N-12M-1
Is N-12M-1 easy to machine?
Machine like a work-hardening Ni-Mo alloy: rigid setup, positive-rake carbide, low speed (15–25 m/min) with heavy feed, flood coolant, and no dwelling to avoid glazing.
Can N-12M-1 be welded?
Weld with matching Ni-Mo (ENiMo-1/ERNiMo-2 class) filler, low heat input and no preheat; because of the 0.12 % C limit, re-solution anneal after welding for acid service to avoid knife-line/HAZ attack.
Can N-12M-1 be formed, bent or molded?
Sand or investment cast only; use generous risering and controlled pour temperature (~1450–1500 °C) as the alloy is hot-tear and shrinkage sensitive — not a wrought/formable product.
N-12M-1 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Mo | 26 – 33 | 30 |
| Fe | 4 – 6 | 5 |
| Vdistinguishes N-12M-1 from N-12M-2 | 0.2 – 0.6 | 0.35 |
| Chigher C than N-12M-2 (0.07 max) | ≤ 0.12 | 0.08 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.6 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.6 |
| Crresidual only; no deliberate Cr | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Co | ≤ 2.5 | |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Nibalance, ~61-62% nominal | balance |
What surface finishes work on N-12M-1?
Grit blast then pickle in HNO3-HF or electropolish to remove oxide; no anodizing — finish by mechanical polish or leave as-machined for acid service.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on nickel alloy parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Plating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Nickel Alloy N-12M-1 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- N30012
- ASTM
- A494 N-12M-1
How much does N-12M-1 cost?
N-12M-1 is a high-cost nickel alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
N-12M-1 — frequently asked
What is N-12M-1 used for?
N-12M-1 is typically used for hydrochloric acid pump castings, chemical reactor valve bodies, impellers for non-oxidizing acid pumps, acid transfer pump casings and covers, cast fittings and elbows for HCl piping and agitator and mixer components in acid vessels. In short: cast alloy for HCl; chromium-free Ni-Mo casting; poor in oxidizing acids.
What is the yield strength of N-12M-1?
N-12M-1 has a typical yield strength of 370 MPa (53.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 585 MPa (84.8 ksi) — weaker than 55% of nickel alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is N-12M-1 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (20/100, better than 53% of nickel alloy grades). Machine like a work-hardening Ni-Mo alloy: rigid setup, positive-rake carbide, low speed (15–25 m/min) with heavy feed, flood coolant, and no dwelling to avoid glazing.
Can N-12M-1 be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (35/100). Weld with matching Ni-Mo (ENiMo-1/ERNiMo-2 class) filler, low heat input and no preheat; because of the 0.12 % C limit, re-solution anneal after welding for acid service to avoid knife-line/HAZ attack.
What surface finishes work on N-12M-1?
Grit blast then pickle in HNO3-HF or electropolish to remove oxide; no anodizing — finish by mechanical polish or leave as-machined for acid service.
Can N-12M-1 be formed, bent or molded?
Sand or investment cast only; use generous risering and controlled pour temperature (~1450–1500 °C) as the alloy is hot-tear and shrinkage sensitive — not a wrought/formable product.
What is the maximum service temperature of N-12M-1?
N-12M-1 is rated for continuous use to about 700°C (1,292 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between N-12M-1-SA and N-12M-1-F?
SA is the default condition — standard supply condition: solution anneal ~1095–1150 °C with rapid quench to dissolve Mo-rich carbides and maximize HCl corrosion resistance. F: only for non-critical or mild-service parts: interdendritic Mo-rich carbides remain, lowering ductility and intergranular corrosion resistance. Yield strength is 370 MPa in SA versus 380 MPa in F.
How much does N-12M-1 cost?
N-12M-1 is a high-cost nickel alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASTM A494/A494M — Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy — ASTM International (2023)
- ASM Specialty Handbook: Nickel, Cobalt, and Their Alloys — ASM International (2000)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties of Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Hastelloy B / B-2 alloy technical data (Ni-Mo family) — Haynes International (2020)
- UNS N30012 alloy record — SAE/ASTM Unified Numbering System (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.