Steel E110C-K4 PWHT
Heat-treated state
PWHT = post-weld heat treated
Choose when the fabrication code requires stress relief; expect a modest drop in strength and hardness with slightly better ductility.
Values for the PWHT condition
Other E110C-K4 tempers and conditions
E110C-K4 is listed in 2 conditions; see the grade overview at E110C-K4.
- PWHT
- AW
Compare all 2 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PWHTThis page Post-weld heat treated | Choose when the fabrication code requires stress relief; expect a modest drop in strength and hardness with slightly better ductility. | 695 | 785 | 22 | 21 HRC | — |
AWDefault As-welded deposit | Standard classification condition for E110C-K4; use for high-strength steel joints where PWHT is not applied. | 745 | 830 | 19 | 25 HRC | — |
What is E110C-K4 PWHT?
E110C-K4 PWHT is E110C-K4 heat treated to PWHT — choose when the fabrication code requires stress relief; expect a modest drop in strength and hardness with slightly better ductility. E110C-K4 PWHT has a yield strength of 695 MPa (101 ksi) and a tensile strength of 785 MPa (114 ksi) — stronger than 80% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi). E110C-K4 PWHT has a density of 7.83 g/cm³ (0.283 lb/in³), lighter than 80% of steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F). AW is the default condition FabDigit quotes; PWHT is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High service temperature — 450°C (842 °F), better than 86% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 85/100, better than 83% of steel grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 120 MPa·√m (109.2 ksi·√in), better than 81% of steel grades
- High strength — 695 MPa (101 ksi), better than 80% of steel grades
Limitations
- High embodied carbon — 2.8 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 90% of steel grades
E110C-K4 PWHT properties
Typical room-temperature values for E110C-K4 PWHT; 11 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are E110C-K4 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
E110C-K4 PWHT has a density of 7.83 g/cm³ (0.283 lb/in³), lighter than 80% of steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F).
Mechanical16
E110C-K4 PWHT has a yield strength of 695 MPa (101 ksi) and a tensile strength of 785 MPa (114 ksi) — stronger than 80% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
E110C-K4 PWHT is rated for continuous service to 450°C (842 °F). It conducts heat at 40 W/m·K (23.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 64% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.3 µm/m·K (6.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical2
E110C-K4 PWHT has an electrical resistivity of 2.4×10⁻⁷ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (16/100), better than 79% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of E110C-K4 PWHT takes about 38 MJ of energy and emits 2.8 kg of CO₂ — more than 91% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability7
E110C-K4 PWHT's machinability is fair (42/100, worse than 73% of steel grades); weldability excellent (85/100); formability poor (30/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with E110C-K4 PWHT
Is E110C-K4 easy to machine?
Deposit at ~25 HRC machines like Q&T low-alloy steel — use carbide tooling, moderate speeds; grind flush before NDT.
Can E110C-K4 be welded?
Spray-transfer GMAW with 75-80 % Ar/balance CO₂ (or 100 % CO₂ at reduced toughness); keep heat input ≤2.0 kJ/mm, interpass ≤150 °C, preheat per Q&T base metal to avoid hydrogen cracking; keep wire dry and packaging sealed.
Can E110C-K4 be formed, bent or molded?
Not a wrought product — deposit geometry set by joint design; avoid cold straightening of high-strength weldments.
What surface finishes work on E110C-K4?
Rusts readily; blast and apply zinc-rich primer, epoxy paint or metallizing. No anodizing.
E110C-K4 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Cweld metal analysis per AWS A5.28 | ≤ 0.15 | 0.08 |
| Mn | 1.2 – 1.8 | 1.5 |
| Si | ≤ 0.8 | 0.4 |
| Ni | 1.75 – 2.6 | 2.1 |
| Cr | 0.2 – 0.6 | 0.4 |
| Mo | 0.3 – 0.65 | 0.5 |
| V | ≤ 0.05 | 0.01 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Fe | balance | — |
E110C-K4 PWHT — frequently asked
What is E110C-K4 PWHT used for?
E110C-K4 PWHT is typically used for high-strength offshore structures, military vehicle armor, heavy mining equipment and quenched and tempered steel repair. In short: 110 ksi low-alloy deposit; improved low-temperature toughness; matches Q&T plate strength.
What is the yield strength of E110C-K4 PWHT?
E110C-K4 PWHT has a typical yield strength of 695 MPa (101 ksi) and a tensile strength of 785 MPa (114 ksi) — stronger than 80% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 2 listed tempers.
Is E110C-K4 PWHT easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (42/100, worse than 73% of steel grades). Deposit at ~25 HRC machines like Q&T low-alloy steel — use carbide tooling, moderate speeds; grind flush before NDT.
Can E110C-K4 PWHT be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (85/100). Spray-transfer GMAW with 75-80 % Ar/balance CO₂ (or 100 % CO₂ at reduced toughness); keep heat input ≤2.0 kJ/mm, interpass ≤150 °C, preheat per Q&T base metal to avoid hydrogen cracking; keep wire dry and packaging sealed.
What surface finishes work on E110C-K4 PWHT?
Rusts readily; blast and apply zinc-rich primer, epoxy paint or metallizing. No anodizing.
Can E110C-K4 PWHT be formed, bent or molded?
Not a wrought product — deposit geometry set by joint design; avoid cold straightening of high-strength weldments.
What is the maximum service temperature of E110C-K4 PWHT?
E110C-K4 PWHT is rated for continuous use to about 450°C (842 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between E110C-K4-AW and E110C-K4 PWHT?
AW is the default condition — standard classification condition for E110C-K4; use for high-strength steel joints where PWHT is not applied. PWHT: choose when the fabrication code requires stress relief; expect a modest drop in strength and hardness with slightly better ductility. Yield strength is 745 MPa in AW versus 695 MPa in PWHT.
Sources
- AWS A5.28/A5.28M — Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding — American Welding Society (2020)
- ASM Handbook Vol.6 — Welding, Brazing and Soldering — ASM International (1993)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Metal-cored 110 ksi Ni-Cr-Mo consumable datasheets (Lincoln Electric / ESAB / Hobart) — Producers (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.