Steel 40CrV-HR (Hot rolled)
Supply condition
GB 40CrV
Mill supply condition for bar and billet that will be heat treated by the part maker.
Values for the HR condition
Other 40CrV tempers and conditions
40CrV is listed in 11 conditions; see the grade overview at 40CrV.
Compare all 11 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solution annealed | Softest supply condition for deep machining, cold cutting and forging stock before final heat treatment. | 400 | 670 | 22 | 197 HB | — |
HRThis page Hot rolled | Mill supply condition for bar and billet that will be heat treated by the part maker. | 460 | 760 | 16 | 19 HRC | 8.1 % IACS |
Normalized | Uniform fine-grained structure for forgings and as a pre-treatment before quenching; medium strength without full Q&T cost. | 520 | 800 | 17 | 21 HRC | 8.1 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Bright bar with close tolerance and higher yield for shafts and fasteners machined without further heat treatment. | 700 | 850 | 10 | 25 HRC | 7.9 % IACS |
QTDefault Quenched and tempered | Standard commercial quenched and tempered stock — 880 °C oil quench plus 650 °C temper — for shafts and gears needing 810 MPa yield with 13 % elongation and good impact toughness. | 810 | 980 | 13 | 30 HRC | — |
Induction hardened | Wear-resistant surface with tough core for journals, gear teeth and spline shafts. | 810 | 980 | 12 | 56 HRC | 7.5 % IACS |
Q&T to 28–32 HRC | Tough general machine-part hardness; still readily machinable after heat treatment. | 850 | 1,000 | 14 | 30 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Q&T to 33–38 HRC | Higher-strength shafts, torsion bars and moderately loaded gears where toughness is still needed. | 1,010 | 1,150 | 12 | 35 HRC | — |
Q&T to 40–45 HRC | High fatigue-strength condition for torsion bars, heavy springs and highly loaded pins. | 1,250 | 1,380 | 9 | 43 HRC | — |
Q&T to 48–52 HRC | Spring/leaf and high-elastic-limit parts; low ductility and notch sensitivity must be designed around. | 1,500 | 1,700 | 7 | 50 HRC | — |
As-quenched (oil, 860–880 °C), untempered | Intermediate state only — must be tempered promptly; quoted for hardenability reference. | 1,550 | 1,980 | 2 | 56 HRC | 5.6 % IACS |
What is 40CrV-HR?
40CrV-HR is 40CrV supplied in the HR condition — mill supply condition for bar and billet that will be heat treated by the part maker. 40CrV-HR has a yield strength of 460 MPa (66.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 55% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi). 40CrV-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). QT is the default condition FabDigit quotes; HR is available on request or by drawing note.
Limitations
- Low fracture toughness — 65 MPa·√m (59.2 ksi·√in), worse than 75% of steel grades
40CrV-HR properties
Typical room-temperature values for 40CrV-HR; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 40CrV reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
40CrV-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical16
40CrV-HR has a yield strength of 460 MPa (66.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 55% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
40CrV-HR is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 43 W/m·K (24.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 51% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.2 µm/m·K (6.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
40CrV-HR conducts electricity at 8.1 % IACS, better than 61% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 40CrV-HR takes about 30 MJ of energy and emits 2.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 56% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability6
40CrV-HR's machinability is fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades); weldability fair (40/100); formability poor (32/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 40CrV-HR
Is 40CrV easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed or ≤32 HRC Q&T state with carbide tooling and rigid setups; above 40 HRC switch to CBN/ceramic or grinding.
Can 40CrV be welded?
Weldable only with care — preheat 250–350 °C, low-hydrogen consumables, and temper/stress relieve at 550–650 °C after welding; avoid welding fully hardened parts.
Can 40CrV be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge at 1150–850 °C then normalize; cold bending is limited and should be done annealed with generous radii.
What surface finishes work on 40CrV?
No natural corrosion protection — use black oxide, phosphate + oil, zinc or hard-chrome plating; grind and shot peen for fatigue-critical surfaces.
40CrV chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CGB/T 3077 | 0.37 – 0.44 | 0.4 |
| Si | 0.17 – 0.37 | 0.27 |
| Mn | 0.5 – 0.8 | 0.65 |
| Cr | 0.8 – 1.1 | 0.95 |
| Vgrain refinement, temper resistance | 0.1 – 0.2 | 0.15 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Niresidual max | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Curesidual max | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
40CrV-HR — frequently asked
What is 40CrV-HR used for?
40CrV-HR is typically used for shafts, springs, gears and tool holders. In short: cr-V fatigue-resistant steel; good temper resistance; wide Q&T hardness range.
What is the yield strength of 40CrV-HR?
40CrV-HR has a typical yield strength of 460 MPa (66.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 55% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 11 listed tempers.
Is 40CrV-HR easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades). Machine in the annealed or ≤32 HRC Q&T state with carbide tooling and rigid setups; above 40 HRC switch to CBN/ceramic or grinding.
Can 40CrV-HR be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (40/100). Weldable only with care — preheat 250–350 °C, low-hydrogen consumables, and temper/stress relieve at 550–650 °C after welding; avoid welding fully hardened parts.
What surface finishes work on 40CrV-HR?
No natural corrosion protection — use black oxide, phosphate + oil, zinc or hard-chrome plating; grind and shot peen for fatigue-critical surfaces.
Can 40CrV-HR be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge at 1150–850 °C then normalize; cold bending is limited and should be done annealed with generous radii.
What is the maximum service temperature of 40CrV-HR?
40CrV-HR is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 40CrV-QT and 40CrV-Q?
QT is the default condition — standard commercial quenched and tempered stock — 880 °C oil quench plus 650 °C temper — for shafts and gears needing 810 MPa yield with 13 % elongation and good impact toughness. Q: intermediate state only — must be tempered promptly; quoted for hardenability reference. Yield strength is 810 MPa in QT versus 1,550 MPa in Q.
Sources
- GB/T 699 / GB/T 1172 hardness–strength conversion — SAC (1999)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- Machinery's Handbook, 31st ed. — Industrial Press (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.