Steel 1008 · supply condition · default condition
Steel 1008-HR
Properties of the HR condition, compared with the other 1008 tempers.
Cheapest form, mill scale surface and looser thickness tolerance; use for weldments, brackets and parts that will be painted or machined.
What is 1008-HR?
1008-HR is 1008 supplied in the HR condition — cheapest form, mill scale surface and looser thickness tolerance; use for weldments, brackets and parts that will be painted or machined. 1008-HR has a yield strength of 175 MPa (25.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) — weaker than 99% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). 1008-HR has a density of 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 91% of steel grades. It melts at 1,495°C (2,723 °F).
Advantages
- Conducts heat well — 60 W/m·K (34.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 100% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 11.5 % IACS, better than 99% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 95/100, better than 97% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 85/100, better than 96% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 30%, better than 92% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 175 MPa (25.4 ksi), worse than 99% of steel grades
1008-HR properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1008-HR — 11 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every 1008 temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
1008-HR has a density of 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 91% of steel grades. It melts at 1,495°C (2,723 °F).
Mechanical13
1008-HR has a yield strength of 175 MPa (25.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) — weaker than 99% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
1008-HR is rated for continuous service to 425°C (797 °F). It conducts heat at 60 W/m·K (34.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 100% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.2 µm/m·K (6.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1008-HR conducts electricity at 11.5 % IACS, better than 99% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (10/100), worse than 87% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1008-HR takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability7
1008-HR's machinability is fair (48/100, worse than 57% of steel grades); weldability excellent (95/100); formability excellent (85/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other 1008 tempers and conditions
1008 is also supplied in 8 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the 1008 overview.
- HRDefaultCheapest form, mill scale surface and looser thickness tolerance; use for weldments, brackets and parts that will be painted or machined.175 MPa yield · 86 HB
- CR-FHHeavily work-hardened cold-rolled coil for flat, stiff, non-formed parts (shims, panels, strapping); bends will crack.500 MPa yield · 165 HB
- CDCold-drawn bar, wire and welded-tube stock: higher strength, bright surface and tight size, at the cost of ductility and residual stress.285 MPa yield · 95 HB
- HDGZinc-coated 1008-base sheet for outdoor or humid service where painting alone is not enough; coating limits weld quality and top service temperature.230 MPa yield · 95 HB
- CRDefault stock condition: cold-rolled, box- or continuous-annealed and temper-rolled sheet for brackets, enclosures, chassis and general fabrication (16–24 GA).210 MPa yield · 95 HB
- AnnealedPick for maximum ductility before severe forming, or to relieve cold-work after drawing; lowest strength and hardness.170 MPa yield · 85 HB
Working with 1008-HR
Is 1008 easy to machine?
Soft and gummy: use sharp positive-rake tools, high speed, generous coolant and chip breakers to avoid built-up edge and torn threads; expect ~55 % of 1212 and poor surface finish unless carburized or re-drawn.
Can 1008 be welded?
Excellent for all processes (RSW, MIG, TIG, laser, oxy-fuel) with no preheat or PWHT needed at any practical thickness; grind mill scale and remove zinc coating locally on galvanized stock.
Can 1008 be formed, bent or molded?
Best-in-class cold forming: bends to 0–1 t inside radius, deep drawing and roll forming; specify DDS/DDQ Al-killed for severe draws to avoid stretcher strain and ageing.
What surface finishes work on 1008?
Must be protected — iron/zinc phosphate + powder coat, e-coat, zinc or nickel plating, hot-dip galvanizing or black oxide; bare surfaces flash-rust within hours of degreasing.
1008 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CSAE J403; sheet grades typically 0.02–0.08 | ≤ 0.1 | 0.06 |
| Mn0.30–0.50 for bar/wire per SAE J403; 0.50 max for sheet | ≤ 0.5 | 0.35 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| S | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| Sinot specified in SAE J403; typical residual for Al-killed/rimmed sheet | ≤ 0.1 | 0.03 |
| Aldeliberate addition in Al-killed (DDS) sheet only | ≤ 0.1 | 0.04 |
| Fe | balance | — |
1008-HR — frequently asked
What is 1008-HR used for?
1008-HR is typically used for stamped covers and enclosure panels, sheet metal brackets, deep-drawn appliance housings, hot-dip galvanized ductwork and roofing sheet, cold-drawn wire and cold-headed fasteners and welded tube. In short: low-cost; easy cold-forming.
What is the yield strength of 1008-HR?
1008-HR has a typical yield strength of 175 MPa (25.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) — weaker than 99% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 9 listed tempers.
Is 1008-HR easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (48/100, worse than 57% of steel grades). Soft and gummy: use sharp positive-rake tools, high speed, generous coolant and chip breakers to avoid built-up edge and torn threads; expect ~55 % of 1212 and poor surface finish unless carburized or re-drawn.
Can 1008-HR be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (95/100). Excellent for all processes (RSW, MIG, TIG, laser, oxy-fuel) with no preheat or PWHT needed at any practical thickness; grind mill scale and remove zinc coating locally on galvanized stock.
What surface finishes work on 1008-HR?
Must be protected — iron/zinc phosphate + powder coat, e-coat, zinc or nickel plating, hot-dip galvanizing or black oxide; bare surfaces flash-rust within hours of degreasing.
Can 1008-HR be formed, bent or molded?
Best-in-class cold forming: bends to 0–1 t inside radius, deep drawing and roll forming; specify DDS/DDQ Al-killed for severe draws to avoid stretcher strain and ageing.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1008-HR?
1008-HR is rated for continuous use to about 425°C (797 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1008-HR and 1008 CR-FH?
HR is the default condition — cheapest form, mill scale surface and looser thickness tolerance; use for weldments, brackets and parts that will be painted or machined. CR-FH: heavily work-hardened cold-rolled coil for flat, stiff, non-formed parts (shims, panels, strapping); bends will crack. Yield strength is 175 MPa in HR versus 500 MPa in CR-FH.
Can FabDigit make parts in 1008-HR?
Yes — 1008-HR is available for sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- SAE J403 — Chemical Compositions of SAE Carbon Steels — SAE International (2014)
- ASTM A1008/A1008M — Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet, CS/DS/DDS — ASTM (2021)
- ASTM A1011/A1011M — Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet and Strip — ASTM (2018)
- ASTM A653/A653M — Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Sheet — ASTM (2020)
- GB/T 5213 / GB/T 708 — SAC (2019)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.16 — Machining — ASM International (1989)
- worldsteel LCI data for hot- and cold-rolled coil — World Steel Association (2023)
- CRS sheet small-lot pricing — OnlineMetals / Midwest Steel & Aluminum (2026)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.