Steel ER310-SA
Heat-treated state
UNS S31080 · EN 25 20
SA = deposit solution annealed ~1050–1100 °C, water quenched
Use when the fabrication receives a post-weld solution anneal: dissolves carbides/σ precursors, lowers strength and raises ductility and toughness.
Values for the SA condition
Other ER310 tempers and conditions
ER310 is listed in 3 conditions; see the grade overview at ER310.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SAThis page Deposit solution annealed ~1050–1100 °C, water quenched | Use when the fabrication receives a post-weld solution anneal: dissolves carbides/σ precursors, lowers strength and raises ductility and toughness. | 300 | 550 | 42 | 160 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
AWDefault As-welded deposit | Default condition: properties of the undiluted ER310 deposit in the as-welded state (GTAW/GMAW/SAW). | 380 | 590 | 35 | 180 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
Service-aged | Reference condition for assessing repair/inspection of 25-20 weld metal after prolonged mid-temperature service; ductility and impact energy collapse. | 430 | 640 | 12 | 18 HRC | 2.1 % IACS |
What is ER310-SA?
ER310-SA is ER310 heat treated to SA — use when the fabrication receives a post-weld solution anneal: dissolves carbides/σ precursors, lowers strength and raises ductility and toughness. ER310-SA has a yield strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 86% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 42% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). ER310-SA has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 93% of steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). AW is the default condition FabDigit quotes; SA is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 42%, better than 100% of steel grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 200 MPa·√m (182 ksi·√in), better than 100% of steel grades
- High service temperature — 1,050°C (1,922 °F), better than 100% of steel grades
- Good corrosion resistance — 66/100, better than 100% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 68/100, better than 83% of steel grades
Limitations
- Poor heat conductor — 14.2 W/m·K (8.2 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 99% of steel grades
- Low electrical conductivity — 2.2 % IACS, worse than 98% of steel grades
- High embodied carbon — 5.6 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 98% of steel grades
- Low strength — 300 MPa (43.5 ksi), worse than 86% of steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 35/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
ER310-SA properties
Typical room-temperature values for ER310-SA; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are ER310 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
ER310-SA has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 93% of steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
ER310-SA has a yield strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 86% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 42% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
ER310-SA is rated for continuous service to 1,050°C (1,922 °F). It conducts heat at 14.2 W/m·K (8.2 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 99% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 15.9 µm/m·K (8.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
ER310-SA conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 98% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (66/100), better than 100% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of ER310-SA takes about 76 MJ of energy and emits 5.6 kg of CO₂ — more than 97% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 55%.
Manufacturability8
ER310-SA's machinability is fair (35/100, worse than 84% of steel grades); weldability good (65/100); formability good (68/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with ER310-SA
Is ER310 easy to machine?
Tough, gummy and rapidly work-hardening — use rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy positive feeds and flood coolant; avoid dwelling.
Can ER310 be welded?
GTAW/GMAW/SAW with pure Ar (add 2 % CO₂ or He for GMAW); keep interpass below ~150 °C and heat input low, weave narrow — the 0 FN fully austenitic deposit is hot-crack sensitive.
Can ER310 be formed, bent or molded?
Deposit is ductile but strongly work-hardening; cold straightening of the drawn wire is fine, heavy cold forming of the weld needs intermediate annealing.
What surface finishes work on ER310?
Remove weld oxide/heat tint by pickling or mechanical cleaning then passivate (ASTM A967) to restore full oxidation and corrosion resistance.
ER310 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Chigher C than 310S for creep strength | 0.08 – 0.15 | 0.12 |
| Cr | 25 – 28 | 26.5 |
| Ni | 20 – 22.5 | 21 |
| Mn | 1 – 2.5 | 1.8 |
| Si | 0.3 – 0.65 | 0.45 |
| Mo | ≤ 0.75 | — |
| Cu | ≤ 0.75 | — |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
ER310-SA — frequently asked
What is ER310-SA used for?
ER310-SA is typically used for heat-resistant equipment, furnace parts, high-temperature fixtures and dissimilar metal joints. In short: highest service temperature stainless filler; fully austenitic 25-20 deposit; hot-crack sensitive, low heat input.
What is the yield strength of ER310-SA?
ER310-SA has a typical yield strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 86% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is ER310-SA easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (35/100, worse than 84% of steel grades). Tough, gummy and rapidly work-hardening — use rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy positive feeds and flood coolant; avoid dwelling.
Can ER310-SA be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (65/100). GTAW/GMAW/SAW with pure Ar (add 2 % CO₂ or He for GMAW); keep interpass below ~150 °C and heat input low, weave narrow — the 0 FN fully austenitic deposit is hot-crack sensitive.
What surface finishes work on ER310-SA?
Remove weld oxide/heat tint by pickling or mechanical cleaning then passivate (ASTM A967) to restore full oxidation and corrosion resistance.
Can ER310-SA be formed, bent or molded?
Deposit is ductile but strongly work-hardening; cold straightening of the drawn wire is fine, heavy cold forming of the weld needs intermediate annealing.
What is the maximum service temperature of ER310-SA?
ER310-SA is rated for continuous use to about 1,050°C (1,922 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between ER310-AW and ER310-SA?
AW is the default condition — default condition: properties of the undiluted ER310 deposit in the as-welded state (GTAW/GMAW/SAW). SA: use when the fabrication receives a post-weld solution anneal: dissolves carbides/σ precursors, lowers strength and raises ductility and toughness. Yield strength is 380 MPa in AW versus 300 MPa in SA.
Sources
- AWS A5.9/A5.9M — Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods — AWS (2017)
- ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels — ASM International (1994)
- ASM Handbook Vol.6 — Welding, Brazing and Soldering — ASM International (1993)
- Stainless filler metal ER310 all-weld-metal data (typical producer datasheets) — Various filler metal producers (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.