Steel 1005-N (Normalized)
Heat-treated state
AISI/SAE 1005 · UNS G10050
Used to refine grain and homogenize forgings or heavy hot-rolled sections before machining or welding.
Values for the N condition
Other 1005 tempers and conditions
1005 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at 1005.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solution annealed | Softest, most ductile condition — pick it for severe cold heading, deep drawing or multi-stage forming. | 170 | 285 | 36 | 85 HB | — |
Hot rolled | Cheapest form for weldments and parts machined all over; scaled surface and loose tolerances. | 180 | 320 | 28 | 95 HB | — |
NThis page Normalized | Used to refine grain and homogenize forgings or heavy hot-rolled sections before machining or welding. | 190 | 310 | 33 | 90 HB | 12 % IACS |
Carburized, quenched and low-temperature tempered | Case-hardening route for wear surfaces (pins, bushings, small gears) on a tough, very soft low-carbon core. | 300 | 480 | 20 | 60 HRC | 10 % IACS |
CDDefault Cold drawn | Default stock condition for round bar and wire: better tolerance, straightness and machined finish than hot rolled. | 315 | 365 | 20 | 105 HB | — |
Cold rolled full hard | Highest strength/stiffest springback condition for flat blanks, shims and roll-formed sections needing no bending. | 520 | 570 | 3 | 160 HB | — |
What is 1005-N?
1005-N is 1005 heat treated to N — used to refine grain and homogenize forgings or heavy hot-rolled sections before machining or welding. 1005-N has a yield strength of 190 MPa (27.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 99% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 33% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). 1005-N has a density of 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 92% of steel grades. It melts at 1,495°C (2,723 °F). CD is the default condition FabDigit quotes; N is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Readily welded — 97/100, better than 100% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 98/100, better than 100% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 12 % IACS, better than 99% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 33%, better than 96% of steel grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 150 MPa·√m (136.5 ksi·√in), better than 96% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 190 MPa (27.6 ksi), worse than 99% of steel grades
- Hard to polish — 40/100, worse than 96% of steel grades
1005-N properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1005-N; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1005 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
1005-N has a density of 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 92% of steel grades. It melts at 1,495°C (2,723 °F).
Mechanical16
1005-N has a yield strength of 190 MPa (27.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 99% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 33% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
1005-N is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 51.9 W/m·K (30 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 96% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.9 µm/m·K (6.61 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1005-N conducts electricity at 12 % IACS, better than 99% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (10/100), worse than 86% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1005-N takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability6
1005-N's machinability is fair (42/100, worse than 73% of steel grades); weldability excellent (97/100); formability excellent (98/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1005-N
Is 1005 easy to machine?
Gummy and low-strength: use sharp positive-rake tools, high speed, generous coolant and chip breakers; expect built-up edge and poor finish in the annealed state — cold-drawn stock machines noticeably better.
Can 1005 be welded?
Excellent by all processes (RSW, MIG, TIG, laser, oxyfuel) with no preheat or PWHT; use ER70S-3/-6 filler and control weld-metal deoxidation on rimmed/unkilled sheet.
Can 1005 be formed, bent or molded?
Outstanding cold formability — deep drawing, stretch forming, roll forming, cold heading and bending to ~0.5t radii; watch for stretcher strain (Lüders) marks on non-temper-rolled sheet.
What surface finishes work on 1005?
Not anodizable; protect by zinc plating, hot-dip galvanizing, phosphate + oil, e-coat or powder paint. Takes plating and paint readily but rusts within hours bare in humid air.
1005 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CSAE J403 ceiling | ≤ 0.06 | 0.05 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.35 | 0.3 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.05 | 0.02 |
| Fe | balance | — |
1005-N — frequently asked
What is 1005-N used for?
1005-N is typically used for deep-drawn stampings, wire products, cold-headed fasteners and enameling sheet. In short: best deep-drawing carbon steel; lowest strength, highest ductility; weldable by every common process.
What is the yield strength of 1005-N?
1005-N has a typical yield strength of 190 MPa (27.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 99% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 1005-N easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (42/100, worse than 73% of steel grades). Gummy and low-strength: use sharp positive-rake tools, high speed, generous coolant and chip breakers; expect built-up edge and poor finish in the annealed state — cold-drawn stock machines noticeably better.
Can 1005-N be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (97/100). Excellent by all processes (RSW, MIG, TIG, laser, oxyfuel) with no preheat or PWHT; use ER70S-3/-6 filler and control weld-metal deoxidation on rimmed/unkilled sheet.
What surface finishes work on 1005-N?
Not anodizable; protect by zinc plating, hot-dip galvanizing, phosphate + oil, e-coat or powder paint. Takes plating and paint readily but rusts within hours bare in humid air.
Can 1005-N be formed, bent or molded?
Outstanding cold formability — deep drawing, stretch forming, roll forming, cold heading and bending to ~0.5t radii; watch for stretcher strain (Lüders) marks on non-temper-rolled sheet.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1005-N?
1005-N is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1005-CD and 1005 CR-FH?
CD is the default condition — default stock condition for round bar and wire: better tolerance, straightness and machined finish than hot rolled. CR-FH: highest strength/stiffest springback condition for flat blanks, shims and roll-formed sections needing no bending. Yield strength is 315 MPa in CD versus 520 MPa in CR-FH.
Sources
- SAE J403 — Chemical Compositions of SAE Carbon Steels — SAE International (2014)
- ASTM A29/A29M — Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought — ASTM (2020)
- ASTM A1008/A1008M — Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet — ASTM (2021)
- ASTM A510 — Carbon Steel Wire Rod and Coarse Round Wire — ASTM (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.16 — Machining — ASM International (1989)
- Carbon steel property compilations (typical RT values) — MatWeb / CES (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.