Stainless Steel X47Cr14 +QT160
Heat-treated state
EN X47Cr14
+QT160 = hardened and tempered 150–180 °C, 57–59 HRC
The rolling-bearing service condition: maximum hardness, wear resistance and best corrosion resistance.
Values for the +QT160 condition
Other X47Cr14 tempers and conditions
X47Cr14 is listed in 9 conditions; see the grade overview at X47Cr14.
Compare all 9 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+ADefault Annealed | Standard stocked delivery condition for machining of bearing rings and components before hardening. | 450 | 740 | 18 | 225 HB | — |
Cold drawn | Precision-dimension annealed bar for automatic-lathe production of small shafts, valve parts and rollers. | 600 | 820 | 12 | 24 HRC | 3.1 % IACS |
Hardened and tempered 620–680 °C, 30–36 HRC / ~1000 MPa | High-toughness structural condition for shafts and fasteners where full hardness is not required. | 800 | 1,050 | 11 | 33 HRC | — |
Hardened and tempered ~500 °C, 46–49 HRC | Used only where elevated-temperature hardness retention is needed; corrosion resistance is degraded by carbide precipitation. | 1,350 | 1,550 | 6 | 47 HRC | 3 % IACS |
Hardened and tempered ~350 °C, 49–52 HRC | Compromise temper for tooling and pump parts needing more toughness than 55 HRC; corrosion resistance starts to drop. | 1,450 | 1,700 | 5 | 50 HRC | 2.9 % IACS |
Hardened and tempered ~250 °C, 54–56 HRC | Slightly tougher than the standard bearing temper for knives, valve seats and shafts with impact loading. | 1,550 | 1,850 | 3 | 55 HRC | — |
+QT160This page Hardened and tempered 150–180 °C, 57–59 HRC | The rolling-bearing service condition: maximum hardness, wear resistance and best corrosion resistance. | 1,650 | 1,980 | 2 | 58 HRC | — |
As quenched | Intermediate condition only — maximum hardness but retained austenite and quench stresses; always temper. | 1,700 | 2,050 | 1 | 58 HRC | 2.8 % IACS |
Hardened + deep freeze (−75 °C) + tempered/stabilised, ≥58 HRC | Choose when dimensional stability of bearing rings/gauge parts matters — retained austenite transformed by sub-zero treatment. | 1,750 | 2,050 | 1.5 | 59 HRC | 2.8 % IACS |
What is X47Cr14 +QT160?
X47Cr14 +QT160 is X47Cr14 heat treated to +QT160 — the rolling-bearing service condition: maximum hardness, wear resistance and best corrosion resistance. X47Cr14 +QT160 has a yield strength of 1,650 MPa (239 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,980 MPa (287 ksi) — stronger than 100% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 2% and the elastic modulus is 215 GPa (31.2 Msi). X47Cr14 +QT160 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F). +A is the default condition FabDigit quotes; +QT160 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 1,650 MPa (239 ksi), better than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 90/100, better than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 30 W/m·K (17.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 99% of stainless steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 3.1 % IACS, better than 99% of stainless steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 3.2 kg CO₂/kg, better than 95% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 2%, worse than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 20 MPa·√m (18.2 ksi·√in), worse than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 150°C (302 °F), worse than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 5/100, worse than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 20/100, worse than 95% of stainless steel grades
X47Cr14 +QT160 properties
Typical room-temperature values for X47Cr14 +QT160; 15 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are X47Cr14 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
X47Cr14 +QT160 has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F).
Mechanical16
X47Cr14 +QT160 has a yield strength of 1,650 MPa (239 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,980 MPa (287 ksi) — stronger than 100% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 2% and the elastic modulus is 215 GPa (31.2 Msi).
Thermal6
X47Cr14 +QT160 is rated for continuous service to 150°C (302 °F). It conducts heat at 30 W/m·K (17.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 99% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.5 µm/m·K (5.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
X47Cr14 +QT160 conducts electricity at 3.1 % IACS, better than 99% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (48/100), worse than 80% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of X47Cr14 +QT160 takes about 40 MJ of energy and emits 3.2 kg of CO₂ — less than 97% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 55%.
Manufacturability8
X47Cr14 +QT160's machinability is not recommended (5/100, worse than 100% of stainless steel grades); weldability poor (20/100); formability poor (30/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with X47Cr14 +QT160
Is X47Cr14 easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed (≤255 HB) condition with sharp carbide tooling, rigid setups, moderate speed and heavy positive rake to avoid work hardening; after hardening only grinding, hard turning with CBN or EDM is practical.
Can X47Cr14 be welded?
Poor weldability — high carbon martensitic; if unavoidable use matching or austenitic filler, 250–350 °C preheat, and temper immediately after welding, otherwise cold cracking is likely.
Can X47Cr14 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot form 1100–850 °C followed by slow cooling and a 750–800 °C spheroidise anneal; cold forming limited to gentle bending of annealed thin sections.
What surface finishes work on X47Cr14?
Harden, temper low, then grind/lap and passivate (nitric or citric acid, ASTM A967) for peak corrosion resistance; hard chrome, electroless nickel or PVD coatings are applied below the tempering temperature.
X47Cr14 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Chigh carbon for through-hardening to ≥58 HRC | 0.43 – 0.5 | 0.47 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Pbearing quality often ≤0.025 | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| Sbearing quality often ≤0.015 | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Crgives passivity; part is tied up as M23C6/M7C3 carbides | 12.5 – 14.5 | 13.5 |
| Moresidual/optional per ISO 683-17 | ≤ 0.75 | — |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.5 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
X47Cr14 +QT160 — frequently asked
What is X47Cr14 +QT160 used for?
X47Cr14 +QT160 is typically used for stainless rolling-element bearing rings and balls, corrosion-resistant precision components, pump and valve wear parts, bushings and pivot pins, cutting and slitting components and instrument shafts and spindles. In short: stainless bearing steel; hardenable 420-type chemistry; wide temper range on file.
What is the yield strength of X47Cr14 +QT160?
X47Cr14 +QT160 has a typical yield strength of 1,650 MPa (239 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,980 MPa (287 ksi) — stronger than 100% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 9 listed tempers.
Is X47Cr14 +QT160 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated not recommended (5/100, worse than 100% of stainless steel grades). Machine in the annealed (≤255 HB) condition with sharp carbide tooling, rigid setups, moderate speed and heavy positive rake to avoid work hardening; after hardening only grinding, hard turning with CBN or EDM is practical.
Can X47Cr14 +QT160 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (20/100). Poor weldability — high carbon martensitic; if unavoidable use matching or austenitic filler, 250–350 °C preheat, and temper immediately after welding, otherwise cold cracking is likely.
What surface finishes work on X47Cr14 +QT160?
Harden, temper low, then grind/lap and passivate (nitric or citric acid, ASTM A967) for peak corrosion resistance; hard chrome, electroless nickel or PVD coatings are applied below the tempering temperature.
Can X47Cr14 +QT160 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot form 1100–850 °C followed by slow cooling and a 750–800 °C spheroidise anneal; cold forming limited to gentle bending of annealed thin sections.
What is the maximum service temperature of X47Cr14 +QT160?
X47Cr14 +QT160 is rated for continuous use to about 150°C (302 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Sources
- ISO 683-17 Heat-treatable steels — Ball and roller bearing steels — ISO (2014)
- DIN 17230 Wälzlagerstähle (superseded, material no. 1.3541) — DIN (1980)
- EN 10088-1/-3 Stainless steels — physical and bar properties (1.4034 analogue) — CEN (2014)
- ASTM A276 / UNS S42000 stainless bar — ASTM (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Martensitic stainless bearing steel datasheets (Ovako / Sandvik / Böhler N685-class) — various producers (2022)
- SMM / Mysteel ; 1688 4Cr13/420 (2025)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.