FabDigit

Copper Alloy C68700

UNS C68700 · ASTM B111 · EN CW702R, CuZn20Al2 · GB HAl77-2

C68700 is an arsenic-inhibited aluminum brass (CuZn20Al2As, also CW702R, HAl77-2, ASTM B111) whose alumina passive film makes it the standard condenser and heat exchanger tube alloy for seawater service.

High cost $$$$

Reference datasheet — C68700 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.

Values for the O61 condition

C68700 tempers and conditions

C68700 is supplied in 7 conditions, soft to hard. O61 is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.

Compare all 7 conditionsHide
Condition · open for datasheetBest forYield MPaTensile MPaElong. %HardnessConductivity
As hot extruded
Mill hot-extruded stock, normally an intermediate feed for drawing rather than a service condition.1704005085 HB23 % IACS
O61Default
Annealed
Default stocked condition for seawater condenser and heat-exchanger tube; maximum ductility for tube rolling/expanding.1864155585 HB23 % IACS
Light annealed
Pick when slightly higher strength than soft anneal is wanted while keeping good expandability.2004255095 HB23 % IACS
Drawn and stress relieved
Preferred where residual-stress corrosion cracking (ammonia, amines) must be avoided in cold-worked tube.22044045105 HB23 % IACS
Light drawn
Choose for straighter, stiffer tube with better handling strength while still expandable into tubesheets.24045045110 HB22 % IACS
Drawn, general purpose
General-purpose drawn tube where higher pressure rating matters more than expansion ductility.31049030125 HB22 % IACS
Hard drawn
Highest-strength cold-worked condition for straight tube/rod where forming is not required.41556012150 HB22 % IACS

What is C68700?

C68700 is an arsenic-inhibited aluminum brass (CuZn20Al2As, also CW702R, HAl77-2, ASTM B111) whose alumina passive film makes it the standard condenser and heat exchanger tube alloy for seawater service. Annealed tube provides 415 MPa tensile, 186 MPa yield and 55 % elongation at 85 HB (52 HRB), with 100 W/m·K thermal conductivity, 23 % IACS and service to 200 °C. It is supplied mainly as seamless tube; machinability is about 30 % of free-cutting brass and arc welding is not recommended because of the oxide film and zinc fume. Where dezincification resistance in plumbing tube is the driver, C68300 is the alternative. C68700 has a density of 8.33 g/cm³ (0.301 lb/in³), lighter than 77% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 971°C (1,780 °F). C68700 has a yield strength of 186 MPa (27 ksi) and a tensile strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) — weaker than 58% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 55% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).

What is C68700 used for?

  • condenser tubes
  • heat exchanger tubes
  • seawater piping

Advantages

  • Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 55%, better than 98% of copper alloy grades
  • Forms and bends easily — 85/100, better than 85% of copper alloy grades
  • Good corrosion resistance — 72/100, better than 84% of copper alloy grades

C68700 properties

Typical room-temperature values for C68700-O61; bars are the position among copper alloy grades.

Physical3

C68700 has a density of 8.33 g/cm³ (0.301 lb/in³), lighter than 77% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 971°C (1,780 °F).

Density8.33 g/cm³0.3 lb/in³
Melting Point (Solidus)971°C1,780 °F
Liquidus Temperature1,027°C1,881 °F

Mechanical12

C68700 has a yield strength of 186 MPa (27 ksi) and a tensile strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) — weaker than 58% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 55% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).

Elastic (Young's) Modulus103 GPa14.9 Msi
Shear Modulus39 GPa5.7 Msi
Bulk Modulus105 GPa15.2 Msi
Poisson's Ratio0.33
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)415 MPa60.2 ksi
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)186 MPa27 ksi
Elongation at Break55%
Shear Strength275 MPa39.9 ksi
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)140 MPa20.3 ksi
Hardness, Brinell85 HB
Hardness, Rockwell B52 HRB
Hardness, Vickers90 HV

Thermal6

C68700 is rated for continuous service to 200°C (392 °F). It conducts heat at 100 W/m·K (57.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 54% of copper alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 18 µm/m·K (10 µin/in·°F).

Thermal Conductivity100 W/m·K57.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F
Specific Heat Capacity377 J/kg·K0.09 BTU/lb·°F
Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C)18 µm/m·K10 µin/in·°F
Latent Heat of Fusion200 J/g86 BTU/lb
Max Service Temperature (continuous)200°C392 °F
Min Service Temperature-196°C-321 °F

Electrical3

C68700 conducts electricity at 23 % IACS, better than 56% of copper alloy grades.

Electrical Conductivity23 % IACS
Electrical Resistivity7.5×10⁻⁸ Ω·m2.95 µΩ·in
Magnetic Responsenon-magnetic

Chemical & Environmental3

Corrosion resistance is very good (72/100), better than 84% of copper alloy grades.

Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE)-0.3 V
Corrosion ResistanceVery good72/100
Chemical Resistance SummaryExcellent in flowing clean seawater and fresh water thanks to an alumina-rich film; resists impingement to ~2.5 m/s. Vulnerable to sulfide-polluted or stagnant seawater, ammonia/amine-induced SCC, and oxidizing acids.

Sustainability4

Producing a kilogram of C68700 takes about 52 MJ of energy and emits 3.6 kg of CO₂ — less than 87% of copper alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.

Embodied Energy (primary production)52 MJ/kg22,356 BTU/lb
Embodied Carbon (primary production)3.6 kg CO₂/kg
Embodied Water300 L/kg35.9 gal/lb
Typical Recycled Content30%

Manufacturability7

C68700's machinability is poor (30/100, worse than 67% of copper alloy grades); weldability fair (35/100); formability excellent (85/100).

MachinabilityPoor30/100
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)60%
WeldabilityFair35/100
Formability (cold)Excellent85/100
Brazeability / SolderabilityExcellent85/100
PolishabilityVery good70/100
Anodizing Responsen/a — copper alloy; use chemical passivation or FeSO₄ dosing for film formation instead

Common Calculations5

Specific Strength (UTS / density)calculated50 kN·m/kg
Specific Stiffness (E / density)calculated12.4 MN·m/kg
Modulus of Resiliencecalculated168 kJ/m³
Thermal Diffusivitycalculated31.8 mm²/s
Thermal Shock Resistance Indexcalculated22

Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.

Strength versus weight in the copper alloy family

Yield strength against density for every copper alloy grade FabDigit runs. C68700 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.

501002005001,0007.588.599.5Density (g/cm³)Yield strength (MPa) — log scaleC68700

Working with C68700

Is C68700 easy to machine?

Machinability ~30 % of free-cutting brass: gummy, needs sharp positive-rake tools, high speed and generous coolant; expect long chips.

Can C68700 be welded?

Arc welding is not recommended (Al oxide film, Zn fume); join by soft soldering or brazing with proper flux, or use resistance/seam welding on thin tube.

Can C68700 be formed, bent or molded?

Annealed tube expands, bends and rolls into tubesheets readily; heavily cold-worked tube should be stress relieved (~300 °C) to avoid SCC.

C68700 chemical composition (wt %)

Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.

ElementSpec limit (wt %)Nominal
Cu76 – 7977.5
Alforms protective alumina film1.8 – 2.52.1
Asdezincification inhibitor0.02 – 0.060.04
Fe≤ 0.06
Pb≤ 0.07
Znremainder, nominally ~20.4 %balance

What surface finishes work on C68700?

Not anodizable; clean and passivate, and use controlled FeSO₄ dosing or clean-water commissioning to build the protective film — avoid stagnant, sulfide-bearing water.

Surface treatments FabDigit runs on copper alloy parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).

Equivalent designations

Standards and trade names that resolve to Copper Alloy C68700 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.

ASTM
B111
EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
CW702RCuZn20Al2
GB (China)
HAl77-2
Similar grades
CuZn20Al2AsC6870

How much does C68700 cost?

C68700 is a high-cost copper alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.

C68700 — frequently asked

What is C68700 used for?

C68700 is typically used for condenser tubes, heat exchanger tubes and seawater piping. In short: standard seawater condenser tube; arsenic-inhibited aluminum brass; 100 W/m·K conductivity.

What is the yield strength of C68700?

C68700 has a typical yield strength of 186 MPa (27 ksi) and a tensile strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) — weaker than 58% of copper alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.

Is C68700 easy to machine?

Not especially — machinability is rated poor (30/100, worse than 67% of copper alloy grades). Machinability ~30 % of free-cutting brass: gummy, needs sharp positive-rake tools, high speed and generous coolant; expect long chips.

Can C68700 be welded?

With care — weldability is rated fair (35/100). Arc welding is not recommended (Al oxide film, Zn fume); join by soft soldering or brazing with proper flux, or use resistance/seam welding on thin tube.

What surface finishes work on C68700?

Not anodizable; clean and passivate, and use controlled FeSO₄ dosing or clean-water commissioning to build the protective film — avoid stagnant, sulfide-bearing water.

Can C68700 be formed, bent or molded?

Annealed tube expands, bends and rolls into tubesheets readily; heavily cold-worked tube should be stress relieved (~300 °C) to avoid SCC.

What is the maximum service temperature of C68700?

C68700 is rated for continuous use to about 200°C (392 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.

What is the difference between C68700-O61 and C68700-H80?

O61 is the default condition — default stocked condition for seawater condenser and heat-exchanger tube; maximum ductility for tube rolling/expanding. H80: highest-strength cold-worked condition for straight tube/rod where forming is not required. Yield strength is 186 MPa in O61 versus 415 MPa in H80.

How much does C68700 cost?

C68700 is a high-cost copper alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.

Sources

  1. ASTM B111/B111M — Copper and Copper-Alloy Seamless Condenser Tubes — ASTM (2021)
  2. ASTM B171/B171M — Copper-Alloy Condenser Tube Plates — ASTM (2018)
  3. EN 12451 / CW702R CuZn20Al2As — CEN (2012)
  4. CDA Alloy Datasheet C68700 — Copper Development Association (copper.org) (2024)
  5. ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties of Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
  6. ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)

Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.