Copper Alloy C34000-O60
Temper
UNS C34000 · EN CW600N
O60 = soft annealed
Pick for maximum ductility: deep forming, heavy bending, upsetting and riveting before final work-hardening.
Values for the O60 condition
Other C34000 tempers and conditions
C34000 is listed in 7 conditions; see the grade overview at C34000.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
O60This page Soft annealed | Pick for maximum ductility: deep forming, heavy bending, upsetting and riveting before final work-hardening. | 110 | 330 | 55 | 58 HB | 27 % IACS |
Quarter hard | Pick when moderate bending or forming is still needed but annealed strength is too low. | 250 | 370 | 28 | 95 HB | 26 % IACS |
H02Default Half hard | Standard stock condition for screw-machine rod and fasteners: best balance of strength, chip control and residual formability. | 330 | 420 | 17 | 120 HB | 26 % IACS |
Full hard | Pick for higher strength and stiffness in flat washers, clips and parts needing only gentle bends. | 415 | 500 | 8 | 150 HB | 26 % IACS |
Extra hard | Pick for flat springs and stamped parts needing high strength with only flat or very light forming. | 450 | 550 | 5 | 160 HB | 26 % IACS |
Spring hard | Pick for spring contacts and retaining parts requiring high elastic limit; forming limited to large-radius bends. | 490 | 585 | 4 | 170 HB | 26 % IACS |
Extra spring hard | Pick only where maximum strength/stiffness is needed and no forming is required; most prone to cracking and stress-corrosion. | 515 | 620 | 3 | 178 HB | 26 % IACS |
What is C34000-O60?
C34000-O60 is C34000 in the O60 temper — pick for maximum ductility: deep forming, heavy bending, upsetting and riveting before final work-hardening. C34000-O60 has a yield strength of 110 MPa (16 ksi) and a tensile strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) — weaker than 82% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 55% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi). C34000-O60 has a density of 8.47 g/cm³ (0.306 lb/in³), lighter than 68% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 900°C (1,652 °F). H02 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; O60 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 55%, better than 98% of copper alloy grades
- Forms and bends easily — 92/100, better than 91% of copper alloy grades
- Easy to machine — 62/100, better than 75% of copper alloy grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 48/100, worse than 96% of copper alloy grades
- Difficult to weld — 20/100, worse than 88% of copper alloy grades
- Low strength — 110 MPa (16 ksi), worse than 82% of copper alloy grades
C34000-O60 properties
Typical room-temperature values for C34000-O60; 13 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are C34000 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among copper alloy grades.
Physical3
C34000-O60 has a density of 8.47 g/cm³ (0.306 lb/in³), lighter than 68% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 900°C (1,652 °F).
Mechanical12
C34000-O60 has a yield strength of 110 MPa (16 ksi) and a tensile strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) — weaker than 82% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 55% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
Thermal6
C34000-O60 is rated for continuous service to 200°C (392 °F). It conducts heat at 115 W/m·K (66.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 61% of copper alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 20.3 µm/m·K (11.3 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
C34000-O60 conducts electricity at 27 % IACS, better than 67% of copper alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (48/100), worse than 96% of copper alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C34000-O60 takes about 60 MJ of energy and emits 4 kg of CO₂ — more than 69% of copper alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 55%.
Manufacturability8
C34000-O60's machinability is good (62/100, better than 75% of copper alloy grades); weldability poor (20/100); formability excellent (92/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with C34000-O60
Is C34000 easy to machine?
Free-cutting at ~70 % of AISI 1212: use positive-rake carbide or HSS, high speeds, light emulsion or neat oil; lead gives short chips and excellent surface finish.
Can C34000 be welded?
Not recommended for fusion welding (lead causes hot cracking and zinc fume); join by soft soldering, silver brazing or mechanical means with good ventilation.
Can C34000 be formed, bent or molded?
Anneal at 425–600 °C for deep forming; H01/H02 handles moderate bends and thread rolling, while H06–H10 tolerate only large-radius bends.
What surface finishes work on C34000?
Takes bright dipping, buffing, Ni/Cr, tin or gold plating readily; stress-relieve at ~275 °C before service in ammonia-bearing environments and lacquer to prevent tarnish.
C34000 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CuCW600N (CuZn35Pb1) narrows this to 63.0–65.0 | 62 – 65 | 64 |
| Pbfree-machining addition | 0.8 – 1.5 | 1.1 |
| Feimpurity max | ≤ 0.15 | — |
| Znbalance, nominally ~35 % | balance | — |
C34000-O60 — frequently asked
What is C34000-O60 used for?
C34000-O60 is typically used for fasteners, rivets, screw machine parts and hardware. In short: machinable and formable brass; rod and wire fastener stock; 72 machinability with cold heading.
What is the yield strength of C34000-O60?
C34000-O60 has a typical yield strength of 110 MPa (16 ksi) and a tensile strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) — weaker than 82% of copper alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is C34000-O60 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (62/100, better than 75% of copper alloy grades). Free-cutting at ~70 % of AISI 1212: use positive-rake carbide or HSS, high speeds, light emulsion or neat oil; lead gives short chips and excellent surface finish.
Can C34000-O60 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (20/100). Not recommended for fusion welding (lead causes hot cracking and zinc fume); join by soft soldering, silver brazing or mechanical means with good ventilation.
What surface finishes work on C34000-O60?
Takes bright dipping, buffing, Ni/Cr, tin or gold plating readily; stress-relieve at ~275 °C before service in ammonia-bearing environments and lacquer to prevent tarnish.
Can C34000-O60 be formed, bent or molded?
Anneal at 425–600 °C for deep forming; H01/H02 handles moderate bends and thread rolling, while H06–H10 tolerate only large-radius bends.
What is the maximum service temperature of C34000-O60?
C34000-O60 is rated for continuous use to about 200°C (392 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between C34000-H02 and C34000-O60?
H02 is the default condition — standard stock condition for screw-machine rod and fasteners: best balance of strength, chip control and residual formability. O60: pick for maximum ductility: deep forming, heavy bending, upsetting and riveting before final work-hardening. Yield strength is 330 MPa in H02 versus 110 MPa in O60.
Sources
- ASTM B16 / B36 / B453 (leaded brass rod, plate, sheet) — ASTM International (2019)
- CDA Alloy Datasheet C34000 (Medium-Leaded Brass) — Copper Development Association (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties of Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- EN 12164 / EN 12165 — CuZn35Pb1 (CW600N) — CEN (2016)
- GB/T 4423 (HPb63-1) — SAC (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.