Steel SPHE · supply condition · default condition
Steel SPHE-HR
Properties of the HR condition, compared with the other SPHE tempers.
Standard as-supplied JIS G 3131 SPHE coil/sheet, 1.2–14 mm, for deep-drawn stampings and welded structures.
What is SPHE-HR?
SPHE-HR is SPHE supplied in the HR condition — standard as-supplied JIS G 3131 SPHE coil/sheet, 1.2–14 mm, for deep-drawn stampings and welded structures. SPHE-HR has a yield strength of 210 MPa (30.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 98% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 42% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi). SPHE-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,495°C (2,723 °F).
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 42%, better than 100% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 96/100, better than 100% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 92/100, better than 99% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 11 % IACS, better than 98% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 51 W/m·K (29.5 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 92% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 210 MPa (30.5 ksi), worse than 98% of steel grades
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
SPHE-HR properties
Typical room-temperature values for SPHE-HR — 10 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every SPHE temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
SPHE-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,495°C (2,723 °F).
Mechanical14
SPHE-HR has a yield strength of 210 MPa (30.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 98% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 42% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
SPHE-HR is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 51 W/m·K (29.5 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 92% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
SPHE-HR conducts electricity at 11 % IACS, better than 98% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (10/100), worse than 87% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of SPHE-HR takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability7
SPHE-HR's machinability is good (58/100, better than 75% of steel grades); weldability excellent (96/100); formability excellent (92/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other SPHE tempers and conditions
SPHE is also supplied in 2 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the SPHE overview.
- HRDefaultStandard as-supplied JIS G 3131 SPHE coil/sheet, 1.2–14 mm, for deep-drawn stampings and welded structures.210 MPa yield · 95 HB
- GalvanizedChoose for outdoor or humid-service stampings needing sacrificial zinc protection without painting.220 MPa yield · 95 HB
- CRChoose when thin gauge (<1.6 mm), tight thickness tolerance and a clean bright surface for painting are required.180 MPa yield · 90 HB
Working with SPHE-HR
Is SPHE easy to machine?
Soft and gummy — use sharp positive-rake tooling, high speed and generous coolant to avoid built-up edge and burrs; drilling and punching are easy.
Can SPHE be welded?
Excellent for RSW, MIG, TIG, laser and projection welding with no preheat (CE ≈ 0.10–0.15); remove zinc coating fumes/ventilate on galvanized material.
Can SPHE be formed, bent or molded?
Deep-drawing grade: high n and r values allow multi-stage draws, tight-radius bends and hydroforming; guard against stretcher strains by skin-pass or timely forming.
What surface finishes work on SPHE?
Pickle and oil for storage; phosphate + e-coat, powder coat, zinc plating or hot-dip galvanizing for service — no anodizing.
SPHE chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Cladle analysis, JIS G 3131 SPHE | ≤ 0.1 | 0.05 |
| Mn | ≤ 0.5 | 0.3 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.04 | 0.01 |
| Alacid-soluble Al, killed steel practice for deep drawing | ≥ 0.02 | 0.04 |
| Fe | balance | — |
SPHE-HR — frequently asked
What is SPHE-HR used for?
SPHE-HR is typically used for automotive structural stampings, wheel discs and spokes, fuel tanks, compressor shells, deep-drawn enclosures and drawn truck panels. In short: hot-rolled commercial sheet.
What is the yield strength of SPHE-HR?
SPHE-HR has a typical yield strength of 210 MPa (30.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 98% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is SPHE-HR easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (58/100, better than 75% of steel grades). Soft and gummy — use sharp positive-rake tooling, high speed and generous coolant to avoid built-up edge and burrs; drilling and punching are easy.
Can SPHE-HR be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (96/100). Excellent for RSW, MIG, TIG, laser and projection welding with no preheat (CE ≈ 0.10–0.15); remove zinc coating fumes/ventilate on galvanized material.
What surface finishes work on SPHE-HR?
Pickle and oil for storage; phosphate + e-coat, powder coat, zinc plating or hot-dip galvanizing for service — no anodizing.
Can SPHE-HR be formed, bent or molded?
Deep-drawing grade: high n and r values allow multi-stage draws, tight-radius bends and hydroforming; guard against stretcher strains by skin-pass or timely forming.
What is the maximum service temperature of SPHE-HR?
SPHE-HR is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between SPHE-HR and SPHE-CR?
HR is the default condition — standard as-supplied JIS G 3131 SPHE coil/sheet, 1.2–14 mm, for deep-drawn stampings and welded structures. CR: choose when thin gauge (<1.6 mm), tight thickness tolerance and a clean bright surface for painting are required. Yield strength is 210 MPa in HR versus 180 MPa in CR.
Can FabDigit make parts in SPHE-HR?
Yes — SPHE-HR is available for sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- JIS G 3131 — Hot-rolled mild steel plates, sheets and strip — JSA (2018)
- JIS G 3141 — Cold-reduced carbon steel sheets and strip — JSA (2021)
- GB/T 3274 / GB/T 5213 ( Q195/DC03 ) — SAC (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.