Stainless Steel S41041 Annealed
Temper · default condition
UNS S41041
Standard stocked condition for exhaust tubing, stampings and general fabrication; maximum ductility and best weldability.
Values for the Annealed condition
Other S41041 tempers and conditions
S41041 is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at S41041.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefaultThis page mill annealed (softened) sheet, coil, strip and plate | Standard stocked condition for exhaust tubing, stampings and general fabrication; maximum ductility and best weldability. | 280 | 450 | 30 | 150 HB | — |
As-welded deposit | Relevant for HF/laser-welded exhaust tube used straight from the mill; Nb/Ti stabilization keeps HAZ ductile enough for bending and hydroforming. | 330 | 490 | 20 | 21 HRC | 3 % IACS |
Quarter hard | Use when higher springback-resisting strength and stiffness are needed in flat parts with only mild bending. | 500 | 620 | 12 | 16 HRC | 3 % IACS |
Quenched and tempered | Pick when moderate strength and wear resistance are wanted; the very low carbon caps attainable hardness near 25 HRC. | 590 | 760 | 18 | 24 HRC | — |
What is S41041 Annealed?
S41041 Annealed is S41041 in the Annealed temper — standard stocked condition for exhaust tubing, stampings and general fabrication; maximum ductility and best weldability. S41041 Annealed has a yield strength of 280 MPa (40.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) — weaker than 75% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). S41041 Annealed has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,480°C (2,696 °F).
Advantages
- High electrical conductivity — 3 % IACS, better than 95% of stainless steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 3.2 kg CO₂/kg, better than 95% of stainless steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 25 W/m·K (14.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 93% of stainless steel grades
- Easy to machine — 50/100, better than 90% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 38/100, worse than 95% of stainless steel grades
- Low strength — 280 MPa (40.6 ksi), worse than 75% of stainless steel grades
S41041 Annealed properties
Typical room-temperature values for S41041 Annealed; 12 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are S41041 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
S41041 Annealed has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,480°C (2,696 °F).
Mechanical15
S41041 Annealed has a yield strength of 280 MPa (40.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) — weaker than 75% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
S41041 Annealed is rated for continuous service to 650°C (1,202 °F). It conducts heat at 25 W/m·K (14.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 93% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.5 µm/m·K (5.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
S41041 Annealed conducts electricity at 3 % IACS, better than 95% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is fair (38/100), worse than 95% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of S41041 Annealed takes about 42 MJ of energy and emits 3.2 kg of CO₂ — less than 95% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 70%.
Manufacturability7
S41041 Annealed's machinability is fair (50/100, better than 90% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (72/100); formability good (62/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with S41041 Annealed
Is S41041 easy to machine?
Machines like annealed 410 (≈55 % of 1212): use sharp, rigid tooling, positive rake carbide, moderate speed and heavy feed to avoid work-hardened glazing and built-up edge.
Can S41041 be welded?
Very good for a 12Cr martensitic type — Nb/Ti stabilization plus <0.03 % C keeps HAZ hardness low, so thin sheet is normally welded (GTAW/HF/laser) with no preheat or post-weld anneal; use 409Nb/430Nb or 309L filler for thick sections.
Can S41041 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms, roll-forms and hydroforms better than standard 410 but with more springback and less deep-drawability than austenitic 304; hot work 1100–800 °C followed by slow cooling and an annealing cycle.
What surface finishes work on S41041?
Pickle and passivate after welding to restore the Cr oxide film; takes a bright mechanical polish, and is commonly aluminized or painted for exhaust and appearance parts. Not anodizable.
S41041 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Clow-carbon modification of 410 | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Cr | 10.5 – 12.5 | 11.5 |
| Ni | ≤ 0.6 | 0.3 |
| N | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Tistabilizer; Ti and/or Nb added at roughly 8×(C+N) minimum | ≤ 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Nbstabilizer, alternative or additive to Ti | ≤ 0.6 | 0.2 |
| Fe | balance | — |
S41041 Annealed — frequently asked
What is S41041 Annealed used for?
S41041 Annealed is typically used for automotive exhaust flanges, exhaust manifolds, muffler components and catalytic converter shells. In short: most weldable 12Cr martensitic; stabilized exhaust-grade sheet; 650 °C service capability.
What is the yield strength of S41041 Annealed?
S41041 Annealed has a typical yield strength of 280 MPa (40.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) — weaker than 75% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is S41041 Annealed easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (50/100, better than 90% of stainless steel grades). Machines like annealed 410 (≈55 % of 1212): use sharp, rigid tooling, positive rake carbide, moderate speed and heavy feed to avoid work-hardened glazing and built-up edge.
Can S41041 Annealed be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (72/100). Very good for a 12Cr martensitic type — Nb/Ti stabilization plus <0.03 % C keeps HAZ hardness low, so thin sheet is normally welded (GTAW/HF/laser) with no preheat or post-weld anneal; use 409Nb/430Nb or 309L filler for thick sections.
What surface finishes work on S41041 Annealed?
Pickle and passivate after welding to restore the Cr oxide film; takes a bright mechanical polish, and is commonly aluminized or painted for exhaust and appearance parts. Not anodizable.
Can S41041 Annealed be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms, roll-forms and hydroforms better than standard 410 but with more springback and less deep-drawability than austenitic 304; hot work 1100–800 °C followed by slow cooling and an annealing cycle.
What is the maximum service temperature of S41041 Annealed?
S41041 Annealed is rated for continuous use to about 650°C (1,202 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between S41041 Annealed and S41041-AW?
Annealed is the default condition — standard stocked condition for exhaust tubing, stampings and general fabrication; maximum ductility and best weldability. AW: relevant for HF/laser-welded exhaust tube used straight from the mill; Nb/Ti stabilization keeps HAZ ductile enough for bending and hydroforming. Yield strength is 280 MPa in Annealed versus 330 MPa in AW.
Sources
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A268/A268M — Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing — ASTM International (2022)
- Metals & Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS), S41041 — SAE International / ASTM (2019)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- 12 % Cr stabilized stainless sheet for automotive exhaust (410-modified) datasheet — stainless producer (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.