Copper Alloy C44400-OS025
Temper
UNS C44400
OS025 = annealed to 0.025 mm grain size
Choose the 0.025 mm grain-size annealed strip when surface quality must stay smooth after moderate deep drawing; 372 MPa tensile and 60% elongation with less orange peel than coarser grain.
Values for the OS025 condition
Other C44400 tempers and conditions
C44400 is listed in 9 conditions; see the grade overview at C44400.
Compare all 9 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed to 0.050 mm grain size | Pick the coarser 0.050 mm annealed grain for the best deep drawing, flaring and tube expansion, accepting a rougher, orange-peel-prone surface; 340 MPa tensile at 68% elongation. | 125 | 340 | 68 | 60 HB | 25 % IACS |
O61Default Annealed | Use the annealed soft tube for condenser and heat-exchanger work requiring tube expansion and bending: 65% elongation and best formability at the lowest yield strength of 140 MPa. | 140 | 355 | 65 | 65 HB | 25 % IACS |
OS025This page Annealed to 0.025 mm grain size | Choose the 0.025 mm grain-size annealed strip when surface quality must stay smooth after moderate deep drawing; 372 MPa tensile and 60% elongation with less orange peel than coarser grain. | 160 | 372 | 60 | 75 HB | 25 % IACS |
Light drawn then stress relieved | Pick lightly drawn then low-temperature stress-relieved tube for condensers in ammonia-bearing or high residual-stress service to cut stress-corrosion cracking; 390 MPa tensile, 52% elongation. | 180 | 390 | 52 | 84 HB | 25 % IACS |
Light drawn tube | Choose lightly drawn tube when dimensional accuracy and stiffness must exceed the soft temper while still allowing moderate roller expansion; 400 MPa tensile with 50% elongation. | 195 | 400 | 50 | 90 HB | 25 % IACS |
Drawn, general purpose | Use the general-purpose drawn tube or rod as the standard supply condition, trading 430 MPa tensile and 250 MPa yield against 40% elongation for remaining forming operations. | 250 | 430 | 40 | 100 HB | 25 % IACS |
Quarter hard | Choose the quarter-hard flat product when some bending is still needed but strength must exceed the annealed temper; 275 MPa yield and 415 MPa tensile with elongation limited to 40%. | 275 | 415 | 40 | 95 HB | 25 % IACS |
Half hard | Choose the half-hard cold-rolled strip when 345 MPa yield and 25 % elongation must coexist, as in tube-sheet fittings and moderately bent formed parts. | 345 | 462 | 25 | 115 HB | 25 % IACS |
Full hard | Use the fully cold-worked hard temper for maximum strength and spring action at 400 MPa yield; elongation falls to 15 % and stress-corrosion sensitivity is the highest of the tempers. | 400 | 517 | 15 | 135 HB | 24 % IACS |
What is C44400-OS025?
C44400-OS025 is C44400 in the OS025 temper — choose the 0.025 mm grain-size annealed strip when surface quality must stay smooth after moderate deep drawing; 372 MPa tensile and 60% elongation with less orange peel than coarser grain. C44400-OS025 has a yield strength of 160 MPa (23.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 372 MPa (54 ksi) — weaker than 65% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 60% and the elastic modulus is 110 GPa (16 Msi). C44400-OS025 has a density of 8.53 g/cm³ (0.308 lb/in³), lighter than 62% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 900°C (1,652 °F). O61 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; OS025 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 60%, better than 99% of copper alloy grades
- Forms and bends easily — 85/100, better than 85% of copper alloy grades
C44400-OS025 properties
Typical room-temperature values for C44400-OS025; 19 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are C44400 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among copper alloy grades.
Physical3
C44400-OS025 has a density of 8.53 g/cm³ (0.308 lb/in³), lighter than 62% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 900°C (1,652 °F).
Mechanical14
C44400-OS025 has a yield strength of 160 MPa (23.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 372 MPa (54 ksi) — weaker than 65% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 60% and the elastic modulus is 110 GPa (16 Msi).
Thermal6
C44400-OS025 is rated for continuous service to 200°C (392 °F). It conducts heat at 111 W/m·K (64.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 59% of copper alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 20.2 µm/m·K (11.2 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
C44400-OS025 conducts electricity at 25 % IACS, better than 59% of copper alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (65/100), better than 58% of copper alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C44400-OS025 takes about 62 MJ of energy and emits 4 kg of CO₂ — more than 76% of copper alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.
Manufacturability7
C44400-OS025's machinability is poor (32/100, worse than 57% of copper alloy grades); weldability fair (45/100); formability excellent (85/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with C44400-OS025
Is C44400 easy to machine?
Machinability is about 30% of free-cutting brass; chips are continuous and tend to smear, so use sharp positive-rake tools, high cutting speed and flood emulsion coolant.
Can C44400 be welded?
Soft soldering is excellent and brazing is good; fusion welding (GTAW/GMAW) is only fair, with clear zinc volatilisation and hot-cracking tendency, so keep heat input low and extract zinc fume.
Can C44400 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold formability in the annealed condition is excellent, allowing deep drawing, tube expansion and flaring. Stress-relieve at 250–300 °C after heavy cold work to prevent stress-corrosion cracking in ammonia environments.
What surface finishes work on C44400?
Not anodizable. Can be polished and tin- or nickel-plated, or passivated with benzotriazole (BTA) and sealed with clear lacquer to hold brightness.
C44400 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CuAg may be counted as Cu | 70 – 73 | 71.5 |
| Sn | 0.9 – 1.2 | 1.05 |
| SbSb-type dezincification inhibitor (C44300 As, C44500 P) | 0.02 – 0.1 | 0.05 |
| Pb | ≤ 0.07 | — |
| Fe | ≤ 0.06 | — |
| Znbalance, about 27.5% | balance | — |
C44400-OS025 — frequently asked
What is C44400-OS025 used for?
C44400-OS025 is typically used for condenser tubes, heat exchanger tubes and marine piping. In short: dezincification-resistant Admiralty brass; non-arsenical inhibited grade; condenser tube standard.
What is the yield strength of C44400-OS025?
C44400-OS025 has a typical yield strength of 160 MPa (23.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 372 MPa (54 ksi) — weaker than 65% of copper alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 9 listed tempers.
Is C44400-OS025 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (32/100, worse than 57% of copper alloy grades). Machinability is about 30% of free-cutting brass; chips are continuous and tend to smear, so use sharp positive-rake tools, high cutting speed and flood emulsion coolant.
Can C44400-OS025 be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (45/100). Soft soldering is excellent and brazing is good; fusion welding (GTAW/GMAW) is only fair, with clear zinc volatilisation and hot-cracking tendency, so keep heat input low and extract zinc fume.
What surface finishes work on C44400-OS025?
Not anodizable. Can be polished and tin- or nickel-plated, or passivated with benzotriazole (BTA) and sealed with clear lacquer to hold brightness.
Can C44400-OS025 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold formability in the annealed condition is excellent, allowing deep drawing, tube expansion and flaring. Stress-relieve at 250–300 °C after heavy cold work to prevent stress-corrosion cracking in ammonia environments.
What is the maximum service temperature of C44400-OS025?
C44400-OS025 is rated for continuous use to about 200°C (392 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between C44400-O61 and C44400-H04?
O61 is the default condition — use the annealed soft tube for condenser and heat-exchanger work requiring tube expansion and bending: 65% elongation and best formability at the lowest yield strength of 140 MPa. H04: use the fully cold-worked hard temper for maximum strength and spring action at 400 MPa yield; elongation falls to 15 % and stress-corrosion sensitivity is the highest of the tempers. Yield strength is 140 MPa in O61 versus 400 MPa in H04.
Sources
- ASTM B111/B111M — Copper and Copper-Alloy Seamless Condenser Tubes — ASTM (2021)
- ASTM B171 / B543 (condenser plate & welded tube) — ASTM (2018)
- CDA UNS C44400 Admiralty Metal (Inhibited) alloy datasheet — Copper Development Association (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol.2 — Properties of Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials (Cu alloys in seawater) — ASM International (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.