Steel 9SMnPb28
EN 9SMnPb28
9SMnPb28 (1.0718, EN 10087) is a leaded resulfurized free-cutting steel; the lead addition to 9SMn28 improves chip breaking and surface finish, making it the European counterpart to 12L13/12L14.
Reference datasheet — 9SMnPb28 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +C condition
9SMnPb28 tempers and conditions
9SMnPb28 is supplied in 6 conditions, soft to hard. +C is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Rarely stocked; chosen when maximum ductility for cold forming/heading or lowest residual stress is required (machinability drops slightly). | 230 | 400 | 26 | 120 HB | 11 % IACS |
Hot rolled | Black hot-rolled bar/coil, the cheapest form; used when the part is fully machined or further processed. | 260 | 430 | 22 | 130 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
Peeled/turned bar | Use above roughly 40–60 mm diameter where drawing is impractical; strength is essentially hot-rolled with a clean machined surface. | 280 | 450 | 18 | 140 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
Carburized and hardened | Optional post-machining treatment when a wear-resistant skin is needed on small turned parts; core stays soft and hardening response is uneven due to inclusions. | 330 | 500 | 10 | 58 HRC | 10 % IACS |
Cold drawn and shaved/smoothed | Pick when tighter diameter tolerance (h8/h9) and a defect-free surface are needed for sliding-headstock (Swiss) machining. | 420 | 540 | 10 | 170 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
+CDefault Cold drawn | Standard stocked condition: bright drawn round/hex/square bar for high-speed automatic turning, h9/h11 tolerance. | 450 | 560 | 9 | 175 HB | — |
What is 9SMnPb28?
9SMnPb28 (1.0718, EN 10087) is a leaded resulfurized free-cutting steel; the lead addition to 9SMn28 improves chip breaking and surface finish, making it the European counterpart to 12L13/12L14. It is chosen for high-output cam and CNC automatic-lathe work, with a machinability score of 95 and drawn bar at about 450 MPa yield, 560 MPa tensile, 9 % elongation and 175 HB (88 HRB). Limits are severe: weldability rated 8, formability 20, no corrosion resistance, and lead brings swarf-handling and fume restrictions. Where lead must be avoided, 9SMn28 or 1215 is the nearest alternative. 9SMnPb28 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). 9SMnPb28 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) — stronger than 52% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 9% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
What is 9SMnPb28 used for?
- Precision turned parts
- Connectors
- Small fittings
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 95/100, better than 100% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 10.5 % IACS, better than 89% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 50 W/m·K (28.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of steel grades
Limitations
- Difficult to weld — 8/100, worse than 99% of steel grades
- Limited ductility — 9%, worse than 93% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 250°C (482 °F), worse than 85% of steel grades
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Limited formability — 20/100, worse than 80% of steel grades
9SMnPb28 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 9SMnPb28-+C; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
9SMnPb28 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical14
9SMnPb28 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) — stronger than 52% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 9% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
9SMnPb28 is rated for continuous service to 250°C (482 °F). It conducts heat at 50 W/m·K (28.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.5 µm/m·K (6.39 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
9SMnPb28 conducts electricity at 10.5 % IACS, better than 89% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (8/100), worse than 99% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 9SMnPb28 takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.
Manufacturability6
9SMnPb28's machinability is excellent (95/100, better than 100% of steel grades); weldability not recommended (8/100); formability poor (20/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. 9SMnPb28 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 9SMnPb28
Is 9SMnPb28 easy to machine?
The benchmark free-cutting steel: very high speeds on cam and CNC screw machines, short broken chips, excellent surface finish and long tool life; use adequate coolant and beware lead-bearing swarf handling rules.
Can 9SMnPb28 be welded?
Effectively non-weldable — high S and Pb cause hot cracking and porosity, and lead fume is a health hazard; join by pressing, riveting, threading or brazing instead.
Can 9SMnPb28 be formed, bent or molded?
Poor cold formability: only light bending/knurling; hot working must be avoided in the lead-melting range (avoid forging above ~1150 °C and beware hot shortness).
9SMnPb28 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CEN 10087 max | ≤ 0.14 | 0.09 |
| Si | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Mn | 0.9 – 1.3 | 1.1 |
| Pdeliberately high for chip breaking | ≤ 0.11 | 0.06 |
| SMnS inclusions | 0.27 – 0.33 | 0.3 |
| Pbfree lead, internal lubricant | 0.15 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 9SMnPb28?
Not corrosion resistant — normally zinc/nickel plated, black oxide or phosphated; plating baths can attack lead-rich surface, so a proper pre-clean and duplex nickel are recommended; mirror polishing is limited by inclusion pull-out.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel 9SMnPb28 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.071810087
- Similar grades
- 12L13
How much does 9SMnPb28 cost?
9SMnPb28 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
9SMnPb28 — frequently asked
What is 9SMnPb28 used for?
9SMnPb28 is typically used for precision turned parts, connectors and small fittings. In short: fastest-machining carbon steel; european 12L14 equivalent; effectively non-weldable.
What is the yield strength of 9SMnPb28?
9SMnPb28 has a typical yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) — stronger than 52% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 9SMnPb28 easy to machine?
Yes — machinability is rated excellent (95/100, better than 100% of steel grades). The benchmark free-cutting steel: very high speeds on cam and CNC screw machines, short broken chips, excellent surface finish and long tool life; use adequate coolant and beware lead-bearing swarf handling rules.
Can 9SMnPb28 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated not recommended (8/100). Effectively non-weldable — high S and Pb cause hot cracking and porosity, and lead fume is a health hazard; join by pressing, riveting, threading or brazing instead.
What surface finishes work on 9SMnPb28?
Not corrosion resistant — normally zinc/nickel plated, black oxide or phosphated; plating baths can attack lead-rich surface, so a proper pre-clean and duplex nickel are recommended; mirror polishing is limited by inclusion pull-out.
Can 9SMnPb28 be formed, bent or molded?
Poor cold formability: only light bending/knurling; hot working must be avoided in the lead-melting range (avoid forging above ~1150 °C and beware hot shortness).
What is the maximum service temperature of 9SMnPb28?
9SMnPb28 is rated for continuous use to about 250°C (482 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 9SMnPb28 +C and 9SMnPb28-CH?
+C is the default condition — standard stocked condition: bright drawn round/hex/square bar for high-speed automatic turning, h9/h11 tolerance. CH: optional post-machining treatment when a wear-resistant skin is needed on small turned parts; core stays soft and hardening response is uneven due to inclusions. Yield strength is 450 MPa in +C versus 330 MPa in CH.
How much does 9SMnPb28 cost?
9SMnPb28 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10087 — Free-cutting steels: technical delivery conditions — CEN (1998)
- EN 10277-3 — Bright steel products: free-cutting steels — CEN (2008)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.16 — Machining (machinability ratings) — ASM International (1989)
- Free-cutting steel 9SMnPb28 (1.0718) bright bar datasheet — Ovako / Saarstahl (2021)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.