Steel 9SMnPb28 +C (Cold drawn)
Supply condition · default condition
EN 9SMnPb28
Standard stocked condition: bright drawn round/hex/square bar for high-speed automatic turning, h9/h11 tolerance.
Values for the +C condition
Other 9SMnPb28 tempers and conditions
9SMnPb28 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at 9SMnPb28.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Rarely stocked; chosen when maximum ductility for cold forming/heading or lowest residual stress is required (machinability drops slightly). | 230 | 400 | 26 | 120 HB | 11 % IACS |
Hot rolled | Black hot-rolled bar/coil, the cheapest form; used when the part is fully machined or further processed. | 260 | 430 | 22 | 130 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
Peeled/turned bar | Use above roughly 40–60 mm diameter where drawing is impractical; strength is essentially hot-rolled with a clean machined surface. | 280 | 450 | 18 | 140 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
Carburized and hardened | Optional post-machining treatment when a wear-resistant skin is needed on small turned parts; core stays soft and hardening response is uneven due to inclusions. | 330 | 500 | 10 | 58 HRC | 10 % IACS |
Cold drawn and shaved/smoothed | Pick when tighter diameter tolerance (h8/h9) and a defect-free surface are needed for sliding-headstock (Swiss) machining. | 420 | 540 | 10 | 170 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
+CDefaultThis page Cold drawn | Standard stocked condition: bright drawn round/hex/square bar for high-speed automatic turning, h9/h11 tolerance. | 450 | 560 | 9 | 175 HB | — |
What is 9SMnPb28 +C?
9SMnPb28 +C is 9SMnPb28 supplied in the +C condition — standard stocked condition: bright drawn round/hex/square bar for high-speed automatic turning, h9/h11 tolerance. 9SMnPb28 +C has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) — stronger than 52% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 9% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi). 9SMnPb28 +C has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 95/100, better than 100% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 10.5 % IACS, better than 89% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 50 W/m·K (28.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of steel grades
Limitations
- Difficult to weld — 8/100, worse than 99% of steel grades
- Limited ductility — 9%, worse than 93% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 250°C (482 °F), worse than 85% of steel grades
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Limited formability — 20/100, worse than 80% of steel grades
9SMnPb28 +C properties
Typical room-temperature values for 9SMnPb28 +C; 13 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 9SMnPb28 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
9SMnPb28 +C has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical14
9SMnPb28 +C has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) — stronger than 52% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 9% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
9SMnPb28 +C is rated for continuous service to 250°C (482 °F). It conducts heat at 50 W/m·K (28.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.5 µm/m·K (6.39 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
9SMnPb28 +C conducts electricity at 10.5 % IACS, better than 89% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (8/100), worse than 99% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 9SMnPb28 +C takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.
Manufacturability6
9SMnPb28 +C's machinability is excellent (95/100, better than 100% of steel grades); weldability not recommended (8/100); formability poor (20/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 9SMnPb28 +C
Is 9SMnPb28 easy to machine?
The benchmark free-cutting steel: very high speeds on cam and CNC screw machines, short broken chips, excellent surface finish and long tool life; use adequate coolant and beware lead-bearing swarf handling rules.
Can 9SMnPb28 be welded?
Effectively non-weldable — high S and Pb cause hot cracking and porosity, and lead fume is a health hazard; join by pressing, riveting, threading or brazing instead.
Can 9SMnPb28 be formed, bent or molded?
Poor cold formability: only light bending/knurling; hot working must be avoided in the lead-melting range (avoid forging above ~1150 °C and beware hot shortness).
What surface finishes work on 9SMnPb28?
Not corrosion resistant — normally zinc/nickel plated, black oxide or phosphated; plating baths can attack lead-rich surface, so a proper pre-clean and duplex nickel are recommended; mirror polishing is limited by inclusion pull-out.
9SMnPb28 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CEN 10087 max | ≤ 0.14 | 0.09 |
| Si | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Mn | 0.9 – 1.3 | 1.1 |
| Pdeliberately high for chip breaking | ≤ 0.11 | 0.06 |
| SMnS inclusions | 0.27 – 0.33 | 0.3 |
| Pbfree lead, internal lubricant | 0.15 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Fe | balance | — |
9SMnPb28 +C — frequently asked
What is 9SMnPb28 +C used for?
9SMnPb28 +C is typically used for precision turned parts, connectors and small fittings. In short: fastest-machining carbon steel; european 12L14 equivalent; effectively non-weldable.
What is the yield strength of 9SMnPb28 +C?
9SMnPb28 +C has a typical yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) — stronger than 52% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 9SMnPb28 +C easy to machine?
Yes — machinability is rated excellent (95/100, better than 100% of steel grades). The benchmark free-cutting steel: very high speeds on cam and CNC screw machines, short broken chips, excellent surface finish and long tool life; use adequate coolant and beware lead-bearing swarf handling rules.
Can 9SMnPb28 +C be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated not recommended (8/100). Effectively non-weldable — high S and Pb cause hot cracking and porosity, and lead fume is a health hazard; join by pressing, riveting, threading or brazing instead.
What surface finishes work on 9SMnPb28 +C?
Not corrosion resistant — normally zinc/nickel plated, black oxide or phosphated; plating baths can attack lead-rich surface, so a proper pre-clean and duplex nickel are recommended; mirror polishing is limited by inclusion pull-out.
Can 9SMnPb28 +C be formed, bent or molded?
Poor cold formability: only light bending/knurling; hot working must be avoided in the lead-melting range (avoid forging above ~1150 °C and beware hot shortness).
What is the maximum service temperature of 9SMnPb28 +C?
9SMnPb28 +C is rated for continuous use to about 250°C (482 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 9SMnPb28 +C and 9SMnPb28-CH?
+C is the default condition — standard stocked condition: bright drawn round/hex/square bar for high-speed automatic turning, h9/h11 tolerance. CH: optional post-machining treatment when a wear-resistant skin is needed on small turned parts; core stays soft and hardening response is uneven due to inclusions. Yield strength is 450 MPa in +C versus 330 MPa in CH.
Sources
- EN 10087 — Free-cutting steels: technical delivery conditions — CEN (1998)
- EN 10277-3 — Bright steel products: free-cutting steels — CEN (2008)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.16 — Machining (machinability ratings) — ASM International (1989)
- Free-cutting steel 9SMnPb28 (1.0718) bright bar datasheet — Ovako / Saarstahl (2021)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.