Aluminum 2A14-O (Annealed)
Temper
GB 2A14
Softest condition for deep forming, straightening or re-machining before heat treatment.
Values for the O condition
Other 2A14 tempers and conditions
2A14 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at 2A14.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OThis page Annealed | Softest condition for deep forming, straightening or re-machining before heat treatment. | 95 | 185 | 18 | 45 HB | 50 % IACS |
Strain hardened from hot working only | Commercial as-extruded/as-forged stock bought for subsequent solution treatment and ageing. | 160 | 280 | 12 | 75 HB | 45 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and naturally aged | Chosen when moderate strength with much better ductility for bending/riveting is needed before final ageing. | 255 | 420 | 18 | 105 HB | 34 % IACS |
T6, heat treated by the user | Same property target as T6 but heat treated after forming/machining of annealed or as-fabricated stock. | 395 | 470 | 10 | 132 HB | 40 % IACS |
T6Default Solution heat treated and artificially aged | Standard high-strength delivery condition for 2A14 forgings, extrusions and bar. | 400 | 480 | 10 | 135 HB | 40 % IACS |
T6, stress relieved by stretching | Pick for thick plate or bar that will be heavily machined and must stay dimensionally stable. | 415 | 470 | 9 | 135 HB | 40 % IACS |
What is 2A14-O?
2A14-O is 2A14 in the O temper — softest condition for deep forming, straightening or re-machining before heat treatment. 2A14-O has a yield strength of 95 MPa (13.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 185 MPa (26.8 ksi) — weaker than 86% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 72 GPa (10.4 Msi). 2A14-O has a density of 2.8 g/cm³ (0.101 lb/in³), heavier than 81% of aluminum grades. It melts at 507°C (945 °F). T6 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; O is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High service temperature — 200°C (392 °F), better than 90% of aluminum grades
- High electrical conductivity — 50 % IACS, better than 90% of aluminum grades
- Conducts heat well — 193 W/m·K (111.5 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 89% of aluminum grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 18%, better than 86% of aluminum grades
- Forms and bends easily — 75/100, better than 86% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 30/100, worse than 98% of aluminum grades
- Low strength — 95 MPa (13.8 ksi), worse than 86% of aluminum grades
- Difficult to machine — 40/100, worse than 81% of aluminum grades
- Difficult to weld — 25/100, worse than 76% of aluminum grades
2A14-O properties
Typical room-temperature values for 2A14-O; 11 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 2A14 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
2A14-O has a density of 2.8 g/cm³ (0.101 lb/in³), heavier than 81% of aluminum grades. It melts at 507°C (945 °F).
Mechanical14
2A14-O has a yield strength of 95 MPa (13.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 185 MPa (26.8 ksi) — weaker than 86% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 72 GPa (10.4 Msi).
Thermal6
2A14-O is rated for continuous service to 200°C (392 °F). It conducts heat at 193 W/m·K (111.5 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 89% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 22.5 µm/m·K (12.5 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
2A14-O conducts electricity at 50 % IACS, better than 90% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (30/100), worse than 98% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 2A14-O takes about 205 MJ of energy and emits 12.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 76% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 10%.
Manufacturability8
2A14-O's machinability is fair (40/100, worse than 81% of aluminum grades); weldability poor (25/100); formability very good (75/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 2A14-O
Is 2A14 easy to machine?
Machines well in T4/T6 with sharp carbide tooling, high speed and flood coolant; long chips in O temper, so age-harden before finish machining for best surface.
Can 2A14 be welded?
Fusion welding is not recommended (hot cracking, big HAZ strength loss); join by riveting, bolting or friction stir welding, and re-heat-treat plus age if arc welding is unavoidable.
Can 2A14 be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent hot workability at 420–470 °C for die forging and extrusion; cold form only in O or freshly quenched W/T4 condition, T6 parts should not be bent.
What surface finishes work on 2A14?
Use chromic or hard anodizing plus primer/topcoat, or Alclad/cladding, for corrosion protection; decorative bright anodizing gives a dull yellow tint because of the 4 % Cu.
2A14 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Si | 0.6 – 1.2 | 0.9 |
| Cu | 3.9 – 4.8 | 4.3 |
| Mg | 0.4 – 0.8 | 0.6 |
| Mn | 0.4 – 1 | 0.7 |
| Feimpurity limit | ≤ 0.7 | — |
| Znimpurity limit | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Niimpurity limit | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Tigrain refiner | ≤ 0.15 | — |
| Others (each)total ≤ 0.10 | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Al | balance | — |
2A14-O — frequently asked
What is 2A14-O used for?
2A14-O is typically used for forged aircraft fittings, structural airframe forgings, extruded profiles and stringers, highly stressed machined brackets, die-forged levers and links and high-strength bolt and stud blanks. In short: forging-grade 2000-series alloy; highest strength in group; 2014-equivalent forgings.
What is the yield strength of 2A14-O?
2A14-O has a typical yield strength of 95 MPa (13.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 185 MPa (26.8 ksi) — weaker than 86% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 2A14-O easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (40/100, worse than 81% of aluminum grades). Machines well in T4/T6 with sharp carbide tooling, high speed and flood coolant; long chips in O temper, so age-harden before finish machining for best surface.
Can 2A14-O be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (25/100). Fusion welding is not recommended (hot cracking, big HAZ strength loss); join by riveting, bolting or friction stir welding, and re-heat-treat plus age if arc welding is unavoidable.
What surface finishes work on 2A14-O?
Use chromic or hard anodizing plus primer/topcoat, or Alclad/cladding, for corrosion protection; decorative bright anodizing gives a dull yellow tint because of the 4 % Cu.
Can 2A14-O be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent hot workability at 420–470 °C for die forging and extrusion; cold form only in O or freshly quenched W/T4 condition, T6 parts should not be bent.
What is the maximum service temperature of 2A14-O?
2A14-O is rated for continuous use to about 200°C (392 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 2A14-T6 and 2A14-O?
T6 is the default condition — standard high-strength delivery condition for 2A14 forgings, extrusions and bar. O: softest condition for deep forming, straightening or re-machining before heat treatment. Yield strength is 400 MPa in T6 versus 95 MPa in O.
Sources
- ASM Handbook Vol.2: Properties and Selection — Nonferrous Alloys (AA2014 data) — ASM International (1990)
- Aluminum Association Teal Sheets — International Alloy Designations — The Aluminum Association (2018)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.