Aluminum 2014A-T6
Temper
AA 2014A · BS H15
T6 = solution heat treated and artificially aged
Peak-strength condition for forgings, bar and sheet where maximum static strength and hardness are required.
Values for the T6 condition
Other 2014A tempers and conditions
2014A is listed in 12 conditions; see the grade overview at 2014A.
Compare all 12 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Softest condition for deep forming, bending or machining of blanks before solution treatment. | 95 | 185 | 18 | 45 HB | 50 % IACS |
Slightly strain hardened | As-supplied extruded/annealed stock with incidental work hardening from straightening; use where near-O softness is acceptable. | 110 | 200 | 16 | 50 HB | 49 % IACS |
solution treated, stress-relieved by stretching (extrusions, without/with minor straightening), naturally aged | Naturally aged extruded shapes with controlled residual stress; T3511 permits minor straightening after stretching. | 270 | 415 | 14 | 103 HB | 34 % IACS |
extrusions solution treated, stretch stress-relieved (no / minor straightening), naturally aged | Naturally aged, low-stress extruded profiles for parts machined all over then artificially aged. | 270 | 415 | 14 | 103 HB | 34 % IACS |
T3, stress relieved by stretching | Low-residual-stress plate/bar for stability during heavy machining before final ageing to T6 conditions. | 275 | 425 | 16 | 105 HB | 34 % IACS |
T4, stress relieved by stretching | T4 plate/bar with stretch stress relief — the stock of choice for machining large fittings that will later be aged. | 280 | 425 | 16 | 105 HB | 34 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and naturally aged | Best combination of strength and ductility for forming/riveting; parts can be aged to T6 afterwards. | 290 | 427 | 20 | 105 HB | 34 % IACS |
Solution heat treated, cold worked and naturally aged | Sheet/strip condition combining naturally aged strength with residual cold work; good for formed and riveted skins. | 295 | 440 | 15 | 105 HB | 34 % IACS |
T6This page Solution heat treated and artificially aged | Peak-strength condition for forgings, bar and sheet where maximum static strength and hardness are required. | 414 | 483 | 11 | 135 HB | 40 % IACS |
T651Default T6, stress relieved by stretching | Default stocked plate/bar temper: peak strength with low residual stress for distortion-free precision machining. | 415 | 470 | 9 | 135 HB | 40 % IACS |
extrusions solution treated, stretch stress-relieved (no / minor straightening), artificially aged | Peak-strength extruded bar and profiles with controlled residual stress for machined structural fittings. | 415 | 470 | 8 | 135 HB | 40 % IACS |
T6, stress relieved by compression | Hand/die forging temper where stress relief is done by cold compression instead of stretching. | 415 | 470 | 8 | 135 HB | 40 % IACS |
What is 2014A-T6?
2014A-T6 is 2014A in the T6 temper — peak-strength condition for forgings, bar and sheet where maximum static strength and hardness are required. 2014A-T6 has a yield strength of 414 MPa (60 ksi) and a tensile strength of 483 MPa (70.1 ksi) — stronger than 88% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 73 GPa (10.6 Msi). 2014A-T6 has a density of 2.8 g/cm³ (0.101 lb/in³), heavier than 81% of aluminum grades. It melts at 507°C (945 °F). T651 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; T6 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 80/100, better than 92% of aluminum grades
- High strength — 414 MPa (60 ksi), better than 88% of aluminum grades
Limitations
- Needs corrosion protection — 30/100, worse than 98% of aluminum grades
- Difficult to weld — 25/100, worse than 76% of aluminum grades
2014A-T6 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 2014A-T6; 18 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 2014A reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among aluminum grades.
Physical3
2014A-T6 has a density of 2.8 g/cm³ (0.101 lb/in³), heavier than 81% of aluminum grades. It melts at 507°C (945 °F).
Mechanical15
2014A-T6 has a yield strength of 414 MPa (60 ksi) and a tensile strength of 483 MPa (70.1 ksi) — stronger than 88% of aluminum grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 73 GPa (10.6 Msi).
Thermal6
2014A-T6 is rated for continuous service to 150°C (302 °F). It conducts heat at 155 W/m·K (89.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 71% of aluminum grades. Thermal expansion is 22.5 µm/m·K (12.5 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
2014A-T6 conducts electricity at 40 % IACS, better than 72% of aluminum grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (30/100), worse than 98% of aluminum grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 2014A-T6 takes about 205 MJ of energy and emits 12.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 76% of aluminum grades. Typical recycled content is 15%.
Manufacturability8
2014A-T6's machinability is very good (80/100, better than 92% of aluminum grades); weldability poor (25/100); formability poor (22/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 2014A-T6
Is 2014A easy to machine?
Machines very well in T4/T6 with sharp carbide tools, high speed and flood coolant, giving short chips; annealed stock is gummy and should be avoided for fine finishes.
Can 2014A be welded?
Poor for MIG/TIG welding — hot-cracking prone; join by riveting, bolting, friction-stir or resistance spot welding, and use 4043/2319 filler only for non-critical repairs with post-weld heat treatment.
Can 2014A be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly quenched T4 (within a few hours of quench, or hold at −18 °C); T6 has limited bend ductility and requires generous bend radii; excellent hot forgeability at 400–460 °C.
What surface finishes work on 2014A?
Chromic or sulfuric anodizing gives a dark, non-decorative film — use conversion coating plus epoxy primer, Alclad, or hard anodize for wear; avoid direct contact with steel/stainless without insulation to prevent galvanic attack.
2014A chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Si | 0.5 – 0.9 | 0.7 |
| Feimpurity limit | ≤ 0.5 | 0.25 |
| Cuprincipal strengthening element | 3.9 – 5 | 4.4 |
| Mn | 0.4 – 1.2 | 0.8 |
| Mg | 0.2 – 0.8 | 0.5 |
| Cr | ≤ 0.1 | 0.03 |
| Zn | ≤ 0.25 | 0.1 |
| TiTi+Zr max 0.20 | ≤ 0.15 | 0.05 |
| Zrcounted with Ti, total max 0.20 | ≤ 0.2 | — |
| Others (each)total max 0.15 | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Al | balance | — |
2014A-T6 — frequently asked
What is 2014A-T6 used for?
2014A-T6 is typically used for aircraft forgings, structural extrusions and wheels. In short: high-strength 2000-series forging alloy; 2014 to European limits; strong but not weldable.
What is the yield strength of 2014A-T6?
2014A-T6 has a typical yield strength of 414 MPa (60 ksi) and a tensile strength of 483 MPa (70.1 ksi) — stronger than 88% of aluminum grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 12 listed tempers.
Is 2014A-T6 easy to machine?
Yes — machinability is rated very good (80/100, better than 92% of aluminum grades). Machines very well in T4/T6 with sharp carbide tools, high speed and flood coolant, giving short chips; annealed stock is gummy and should be avoided for fine finishes.
Can 2014A-T6 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (25/100). Poor for MIG/TIG welding — hot-cracking prone; join by riveting, bolting, friction-stir or resistance spot welding, and use 4043/2319 filler only for non-critical repairs with post-weld heat treatment.
What surface finishes work on 2014A-T6?
Chromic or sulfuric anodizing gives a dark, non-decorative film — use conversion coating plus epoxy primer, Alclad, or hard anodize for wear; avoid direct contact with steel/stainless without insulation to prevent galvanic attack.
Can 2014A-T6 be formed, bent or molded?
Form in O or freshly quenched T4 (within a few hours of quench, or hold at −18 °C); T6 has limited bend ductility and requires generous bend radii; excellent hot forgeability at 400–460 °C.
What is the maximum service temperature of 2014A-T6?
2014A-T6 is rated for continuous use to about 150°C (302 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 2014A-T651 and 2014A-O?
T651 is the default condition — default stocked plate/bar temper: peak strength with low residual stress for distortion-free precision machining. O: softest condition for deep forming, bending or machining of blanks before solution treatment. Yield strength is 415 MPa in T651 versus 95 MPa in O.
Sources
- EN 573-3 Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Chemical composition — CEN (2019)
- EN 485-2 Aluminium — Sheet, strip and plate: mechanical properties — CEN (2018)
- EN 755-2 Aluminium — Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles: mechanical properties — CEN (2016)
- Aluminum Standards and Data / Teal Sheets (alloy 2014) — The Aluminum Association (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- MMPDS-17 Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization — FAA/Battelle (2022)
- BS 1470/1471 (superseded H15 designation) — BSI (1987)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.